Cytological and molecular screening of Chlamydia trachomatis in infertile women attending a maternity teaching hospital in Gezira State, Sudan: a cross-sectional study (original) (raw)
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Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection Amonginfertile Women At The University College Hospital, Ibadan
Medical Journal of Zambia
Background: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is reported as the commonest cause of tubal and pelvic infection and by proxy, the commonest cause of tubal damage and female infertility. Serotypes D-K are known to cause sexually transmitted genital tract and neonatal infection. Testing for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis has been revolutionized by the development of monoclonal antibodies. This study sought to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among infertile women at the University College Hospital Ibadan and to determine the diagnostic value of Chlamydia antibody testing. Methodology: A cross-sectional study conducted among two hundred and seventy-three women with infertility attending the gynaecology clinic of the University College Hospital Ibadan. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) was performed on all patients as part of their routine evaluation for infertility. Venous blood was obtained to detect Chlamydia Ig G antibodies using the diagnostic bio-probe (DI...
Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial organism that is usually associated with asymptomatic infection and sequelae such as infertility. Molecular methods such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are considered as gold standard and highly specific diagnostic test for its detection. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women attending infertility clinic in University College Hospital, Ibadan. Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital based study in which endocervical swabs were collected from 150 infertile women asymptomatic for genital infection at University College Hospital, Ibadan. Information on socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics were obtained using interviewer – administered questionnaire. The presence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection was detected by Conventional PCR. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results: Among the study participants, 11(7.30%) had evidence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Among those who are PCR positive for Chlamydia trachomatis 4(36.4%) have secondary infertility while 7(63.6%) have primary infertility. There is no significant association between the sociodemographic factors and Chlamydia trachomatis. Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women presenting with infertility from this present study highlighted the asymptomatic nature of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the need to ensure that it is screened for routinely
BMC Women's Health, 2015
Background: To study the prevalence of Chlamydia infection in women with primary and secondary unexplained infertility using ELISA technique for antibody detection and real time, fully automated PCR for antigen detection and to explore its association with circulating antisperm antibodies (ASA). Methods: A total of 50 women with unexplained infertility enrolled in this case control study and a control group of 44 infertile women with a known cause of infertility. Endocervical specimens were collected for Chlamydia antigen detection using PCR and serum samples for antibodies detection. Circulating anti-sperm antibodies were detected using sperm antibody Latex Agglutination tests. Results: The overall prevalence of Chlamydial infection in unexplained infertility cases as detected by both ELISA and PCR was 40 % (20/50). The prevalence of current Chlamydial genital infection as detected by real-time PCR was only 6.0 % (3/50); two of which were also IgM positive. Prevalence of ASA was 6.0 % (3/50); all were sero-negative for anti-C.trachomatis IgM and were PCR negative. Conclusion: The incidence of Chlamydial infection in Egyptian patients with unexplained infertility is relatively high. In the setting of fertility investigations; screening for anti. C.trachomatis antibodies using ELISA, and treatment of positive cases should be considered. The presence of circulating ASA does not correlate with the presence of old or current Chlamydia infection in women with unexplained infertility.
Screenning of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection among Women Attending Outpatient Clinic of Infertility
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2015
Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis in women diagnosed with infertility attending the Outpatient Clinic of Infertility from Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Brazil. Patients and Methods: This molecular study enrolled a total of 112 women. Among these patients, 62 presented primary infertility while 50 presented secondary infertility. The criteria for eligibility included women who were: reproductive-aged; no prior report of seroconversion for HIV; no antibiotic or vaginal cream used in the preceding 30 days; and abstinence from sexual intercourse for 72 hours before the visit. The women were submitted to a gynecological examination and cervical samples were collected with an endocervical cytobrush for molecular analysis of C. trachomatis. Results: The prevalence of chlamydial infection was 8% with similar prevalence between primary (8.1%) and secondary (8.0%) infertility. Conclusion: Considering the asymptomatic nature of chlamydial infection and its association with tubal factor infertility, there is a pressing need to incorporate the screening of C. trachomatis infection as part of the routine investigation for infertility. The early diagnostic by screening can minimize complications and reduce Public Health costs with Assisted Reproductive Technology.
Screenning of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection among Women Attending Outpatient Clinic of Infertility
Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis in women diagnosed with infertility attending the Outpatient Clinic of Infertility from Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Brazil. Patients and Methods: This molecular study enrolled a total of 112 women. Among these patients, 62 presented primary infertility while 50 presented secondary infertility. The criteria for eligibility included women who were: reproductive-aged; no prior report of seroconver-sion for HIV; no antibiotic or vaginal cream used in the preceding 30 days; and abstinence from sexual intercourse for 72 hours before the visit. The women were submitted to a gynecological examination and cervical samples were collected with an endocervical cytobrush for molecular analysis of C. trachomatis. Results: The prevalence of chlamydial infection was 8% with similar prevalence between primary (8.1%) and secondary (8.0%) infertility. Conclusion: Considering the asymptomatic nature of chlamydial infection and its association with tubal factor infertility, there is a pressing need to incorporate the screening of C. trachomatis infection as part of the routine investigation for infertility. The early diagnostic by screening can minimize complications and reduce Public Health costs with Assisted Reproductive Technology.
The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2014
Background & objectives: Little is known about the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Indian women with infertility. To improve the diagnosis of C. trachomatis infection in developing countries, there is an urgent need to establish cost-effective molecular test with high sensitivity and specificity. This study was conducted to determine the diagnostic utility of a real time-PCR assay for detention of C. trachomatis infection in infertile women attending an infertility clinic in north India. The in house real time-PCR assay was also compared with a commercial real-time PCR based detection system. Methods: Endocervical swabs, collected from 200 infertile women were tested for C. trachomatis by three different PCR assays viz. in-house real time-PCR targeting the cryptic plasmid using published primers, along with omp1 gene and cryptic plasmid based conventional PCR assays. Specimens were also subjected to direct fluorescence assay (DFA) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) Performance of inhouse real time-PCR was compared with that of COBAS Taqman C. trachomatis Test, version 2.0 on all in-house real time-PCR positive sample and 30 consecutive negative samples. Results: C. trachomatis infection was found in 13.5 per cent (27/200) infertile women by in-house real time-PCR, 11.5 per cent (23/200) by cryptic plasmid and/or omp1 gene based conventional PCR, 9 per cent (18/200) by DFA and 6.5 per cent (7/200) by eIA. The in-house real time-PCR exhibited a sensitivity and specificity of 100 per cent, considering COBAS Taqman CT Test as the gold standard. The negative and positive predictive values of the in-house real time-PCR were 100 per cent. The in-house real time-PCR could detect as low as 10 copies of C. trachomatis DNA per reaction. Interpretation & conclusions: In-house real time-PCR targeting the cryptic plasmid of C. trachomatis exhibited an excellent sensitivity and specificity similar to that of COBAS Taqman CT Test, v2.0 for detection of C. trachomatis infection in women attending an infertility clinic. In an effort to prevent Chlamydia infection associated infertility, we recommend screening of women with infertility due to C. trachomatis infection by in-house molecular method as a cost-effective solution in resource limited settings.
Human reproduction (Oxford, England), 2011
background: In many developing countries, little is known about the prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections and complications, such as infertility, thus preventing any policy from being formulated regarding screening for C. trachomatis of patients at risk for infertility. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis and evaluate the diagnostic utility of serological markers namely anti-C. trachomatis IgG and IgA antibodies in women attending an infertility clinic. methods: Serum and vaginal swab specimens of 303 women presenting with infertility to the infertility clinic of the Kigali University Teaching Hospital and 312 fertile controls who recently delivered were investigated. Two commercial species-specific ELISA were used to determine serum IgG and IgA antibodies to C. trachomatis and vaginal swabs specimens were tested by PCR. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) was performed in subfertile women.
African journal of reproductive health, 2019
Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in women. A number of epidemiologic studies have suggested that Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is more accurate as a diagnostic tool for Chlamydia trachomatis. However, the use of serological markers may be cost effective and practical in diagnosing and estimating the burden of the disease in resource limited countries.This study was aimed at determining the serological markers (IgG, IgM and IgA) of Chlamydia trachomatis, evaluate the association between Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical diagnosis of the participants. This was a cross sectional hospital-based study in which blood samples from 145 consenting participants were tested for IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and their clinical diagnosis, retrieved from their case notes. The cumulative prevalence of seropositivity for Chlamydi...
Background: Chlamydia, infection caused by Chalmydia trachomatis, is recognized as one of the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infections. Chlamydial infections during pregnancy have been considered as significant factors in the causation of poor pregnancy outcome and complications like ectopic pregnancy, low weight birth, still birth etc. Objectives: The study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection among pregnant women accessing antenatal care in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 200 endocervical swabs were collected from consenting pregnant women who were attending antenatal clinic in Faith Alive Foundation Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on socio-demography and risk factors. The samples were analysed using lateral flow immunoassay -Rapid Test Device (Swab/Urine) (International Ltd. China). Results: Chlamydia prevalence of 48.5% was established in the current study. The age group 24 -28 years had the highest prevalence of 67.1% while the least prevalence (23.5%) was recorded among women older than 43 years. This variation of chlamydia prevalence was significantly associated with age group (χ 2 = 16.541; p = 0.001). demographics such as marital status and educational status were not associated (p > 0.05) with chlamydia but in addition to age, occupation of the women was significantly associated (χ 2 = 44.490; p = 0.001) with the infection. Unskilled women had the highest chlamydia prevalence (74.7%) as opposed to 20% recorded in skilled women and 47.1% among the semi-skilled women. Risk factors like HIV status was significantly associated (χ 2 = 27.205; p = 0.001) with chlamydia. HIV positive women had chlamydia prevalence of 83.7% compared with 38.9% in their HIV negative counterparts. Conclusion: The study demonstrated chlamydia prevalence of 48.5% in this study. Age group, history of STI, use of IUD, history of abortion among others were identified as risk factors associated with the infection.