A new interpretation of the proton-neutron bound state. The calculation of the binding energy (original) (raw)
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A Simple Model of Atomic Binding Energy
2013
A Top-down approach to Fundamental Interactions, viXra:1307.0082 [2] presents the author's attempt to understand if there is an information code underlying nature. Once the energy components were understood, a model for the neutron and proton was developed. The proton model is presented in Reference 2 and repeated below under the next heading. The proton model shows that there is a 10.15 MeV orbit that losses energy and is responsible for the binding energy curve. The goals of this paper are to verify the value 10.15 MeV and present a simple model of atomic binding energy. Literature cites "water drop" models for binding energy that are admittedly empirical. Quantum physicists have suggested that there should be "electron like" shells inside atoms but to the author's knowledge they remain unclear. If there are shells the nucleons should fall into lower energy states releasing the remainder as binding energy. The author explored this possibility. Empirically, the model was successful but no explanation could be found for why a nucleon occupied a given shell. The first part of the binding energy curve rises quickly and then levels off as saturation occurs. When the author compared the shape of the curve to a probability based model a simple relationship was discovered. The relationship is almost identical to the fundamentals presented in reference 2. Information contained in the proton mass table Information from the proton mass model is used to understand fundamental interactions. The energy values in the box add to the exact mass of the proton (938.2703 MeV). There are three main components, each with a mass and kinetic energy. The total mass and kinetic energy on the left side of the box (959.92 MeV) is balanced by fields on the right hand side of the box. Mass and Kinetic Energy Field energy Mass KE Strong Strong Gravitational Residualfield energy Energy MeV MeV MeV MeV Strong 130.16 799.25-957.18-2.73 Strong Residual KE 10.15 Neutron 939.57 (-20.3)-959.92 below, the Neutron decays to a proton, electron and neutrino neutrinos 0.05 Proton 938.27 2.72E-05
The binding energy of a Λ-particle in nuclear matter: A comparison of two formulations
Nuclear Physics B, 1970
Two approaches to the problem of calculating the binding energy BA of a A-particle in nuclear matter are discussed. The first method is via the Bethe-Goldstone equation for the problem in the independent-pair approximation. The second method is a Green-function formulation which sums the ladder diagrams for the self-energy of the A-particle. Using an S-wave separable potential fitted to the AN scattering data, exact analytic expressions for BA are found for both methods and compared. The relation between the two approaches is discussed and it is shown how to extend the Green-function formulation to include the effect of the higher-order cluster diagrams, contributing to the A-particle self-energy, in a consistent manner. It is pointed out that this approach provides a more systematic formulation than the usual extended Bethe-Goldstone approach. The model AN hard core problem is also investigated in the Green function approach in an appendix: the ground-state energy is rederived and expressions are found for the effective mass and damping of the A-quasi-particle up through terms of order (kFa)2.
Title: A Simple Model of Atomic Binding Energy
2013
A Top-down approach to Fundamental Interactions, viXra:1307.0082 [2] presents the author’s attempt to understand if there is an information code underlying nature. Once the energy components were understood, a model for the neutron and proton was developed. The proton model is presented in Reference 2 and repeated below under the next heading. The proton model shows that there is a 10.15 mev orbit that losses energy and is responsible for the binding energy curve. The goals of this paper are to verify the value 10.15 mev and present a simple model of atomic binding energy,. Literature cites “water drop ” models for binding energy that are admittedly empirical. Quantum physicists have suggested that there should be “electron like ” shells inside atoms but to the author’s knowledge they remain unclear. If there are shells the nucleons should fall into lower energy states releasing the remainder as binding energy. The author explored this possibility. Empirically, the model was success...
The problem of lambda-particle binding in nuclear matter
Nuclear Physics B, 1968
Extensive variational calculations of the binding energy of a A particle to nuclear matter are performed in the framework of the Jastrow method, assuming velocity-independent two-body potentials. All cluster contributions of zeroth and first order in the cluster expansion of the expected A binding energy B A are evaluated. (The total zeroth-order contribution is the sum of all two-body terms; the total first-order contribution, the sum of all three-body terms plus special four-body terms.} Truncated versions of B A which include first-order contributions are maximized with respect to parameters in the nucleon-A correlation factor. The resulting cluster convergence appears very satisfactory in all cases. For the most refined spin-dependent effective central nucleon-A potentials (fitting the data on s-shell hypernuclei and A-p scattering} the theoretical lower limits obtained exceed empirically determined upper limits on the A binding energy by about a factor two.
Nuclear binding energy and symmetry energy of nuclear matter with modern nucleon–nucleon potentials
2011
The binding energy of nuclear matter at zero temperature in the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approximation with modern nucleonnucleon potentials is studied. Both the standard and continuous choices of single particle energies are used. These modern nucleon-nucleon potentials fit the deuteron properties and are phase shifts equivalent. Comparison with other calculations is made. In addition we present results for the symmetry energy obtained with different potentials, which is of great importance in astrophysical calculation.
Physics Letters B, 1991
Data for the analyzing power my (O) for the elastic scattering of neutrons from deuterons have been measured at 5.0, 6.5 and 8.5 MeV to an accuracy of _+0.0035. Surprisingly large differences have been observed at these low energies between the data and rigorous Faddeev calculations using the Paris and Bonn B nucleon-nucleon potentials. The Ay(0) data provide a stringent test for our present understanding of the on-shell and off-shell 3po,~.2 nucleon-nucleon interactions.
Approximate Calculation of Nuclear Binding Energy
Physical Review, 1960
The binding energy, size, and shape of finite nuclei are studied using a method which tests the "local uniformity" assumption. This assumption implies that the properties of finite nuclei can be obtained from those of infinite nuclear matter. The energy is computed using as a trial wave function an amplitude-and frequency-modulated plane wave; this permits the use of nuclear-matter results in a straightforward manner. The calculation gives a binding energy which is too low, a radius which is too small, and a nuclear surface which is too diffuse. Several possible corrections to this result are examined.