Biodynamic response of the human hand-arm models under vibration (original) (raw)
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Hand-Arm Vibrations. An Interdisciplinary Engineering and Medical Study
This work has been performed within a research project financially supported by the Romanian Ministry of Education, Research and Youth. The main objective is to develop technics, specifications and methodologies for thoroughly study the mechanical vibration phenomenon the human body is subjected to during practising a profession, potential sourse of occupational diseases. At the same time, it is intended to develop modern methods of dynamic (vibration) analysis and of active control advanced systems, for protecting the human body against vibrations.
Safety and Health at Work, 2015
The hand coordinate systems for measuring vibration exposures and biodynamic responses have been standardized but they are not actually used in many studies. This contradicts the purpose of the standardization. The objectives of this study were to identify the major sources of the problem and to help define or identify better coordinate systems for the standardization. This study systematically reviewed the principles and definition methods, and evaluated typical hand coordinate systems. This study confirms that, as accelerometers remain the major technology for vibration measurement, it is reasonable to standardize two types of coordinate systems: a toolbased basicentric (BC) system and an anatomically-based biodynamic (BD) system. However, the coordinate systems are not well defined in the current standard. The definition of the standard BC system is confusing and it can be interpreted differently; as a result, it has been inconsistently applied in various standards and studies. The standard hand BD system is defined using the orientation of the third metacarpal bone. It is neither convenient nor defined based on important biological or biodynamic features. This explains why it is rarely used in practice. To resolve these inconsistences and deficiencies, we proposed a revised method for defining the realistic handle BC system and an alternative method for defining the hand BD system. A fingertip-based BD system for measuring principal grip force is also proposed based on an important feature of the grip force confirmed in this study.
Analysis of Driving–Point Mechanical Impedance of the Human Hand Arm System
In this study, the Authors propose the discussion of nonlinearity of the human body's dynamic response. The variables that affect nonlinearity of the human body's dynamic response in the experimental measurements can be distinguished in two categories: intrinsic variables, relating to the individual subjects; and extrinsic variables, relating to the experimental conditions. International Standard 5982 : 2002 gives idealized values for the apparent mass and the seat-to-head transmissibility of seated people exposed to vertical vibration. The values are intended for the development of mechanical models to represent the body. Many mathematical models of the vertical apparent mass of the seated human body are developed. Single and two-degree-of-freedom models obtain a good agreement with experimental seat transmissibility by nonlinear least squares method and Trust-Region algorithm. The comparison between single and two-degree-offreedom models by goodness-of-fit statistics suggests that two-degree-of-freedom model is recommended for best results. . Effects of posture and vibration magnitude on apparent mass and pelvis rotation during exposure to whole-body vertical vibration. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 253 :93-107, 2002. N.J Mansfield and S. Maeda. Comparison of the apparent mass of the seated human measured using random and sinusoidal vibration. Industrial Health, 43:233-240, 2005. Y. Matsumoto and M. J. Griffin. Effect of muscle tension on non-linearities in the apparent masses of seated subjects exposed to vertical to vertical whole-body vibration. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 253:77-92, 2002. Y. Matsumoto and M.J. Griffin. Movement of the upper-body of seated subjects exposed to vertical whole-body vibration at the principal resonance frequency. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 215(4):743-762, 1998. H. Mertens. Nonlinear behavior of sitting human under increasing gravity. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 49:287-298, 1978. N. Nawayseh and M.J. Griffin. Non-linear dual-axis biodynamic response to vertical whole-body vibration. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 268:503-523, 2003. N. Nawayseh and M.J. Griffin. Non-linear dual-axis biodynamic response to fore-and-aft wholebody vibration. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 282:831-862, 2005. N. Nawayseh and M.J. Griffin. A model of the vertical apparent mass and the fore-and-aft crossaxis apparent mass of the human body during vertical whole-body vibration. of two dynamic manikins for laboratory testing of seats under whole-body vibration. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38:457-470, 2008. G.S. Paddan and M.J. Griffin. The transmission of translational seat vibration to the head-i. vertical seat vibration. Journal of Biomechanics, 21(3):191-197, 1988. G.S. Paddan and M.J. Griffin. A review of the transmission of translational seat vibration to the head. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 215(4):863-882, 1998. G.S. Paddan and M.J. Griffin. Evaluation of whole-body vibration in vehicles. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 253(1):195-213, 2002. M.K. Patil and M.S. Palanichamy. A mathematical model of tractor-occupant system with a new seat suspension for minimization of vibration response. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 12(1): 63-71, 1988. Yi Qiu and M.J. Griffin. Modelling the fore-and-aft apparent mass of the human body and the transmissibility of seat backrests. Vehicle System Dynamics, 49(5):703-722, 2011.
Journal of sound and vibration, 2013
The objectives of this study were to develop models of the hand-arm system in the three orthogonal directions (xh, yh , and zh ) and to enhance the understanding of the hand vibration dynamics. A four-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) model and 5-DOF model were used in the simulation for each direction. The driving-point mechanical impedances distributed at the fingers and palm of the hand reported in a previous study were used to determine the parameters of the models. The 5-DOF models were generally superior to the 4-DOF models for the simulation. Hence, as examples of applications, the 5-DOF models were used to predict the transmissibility of a vibration-reducing glove and the vibration transmissibility on the major substructures of the hand-arm system. The model-predicted results were also compared with the experimental data reported in two other recent studies. Some reasonable agreements were observed in the comparisons, which provided some validation of the developed models. This study...