Eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil protein X in the nasal lavage of children during the first 4 weeks of life (original) (raw)
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Allergy
Eosinophilic airways inflammation forms the pathophysiologic basis for a proportion of children at risk of developing recurrent wheezing. Early preventive measures and/or anti-inflammatory treatment may be guided by the identification of such children. We studied upper-airways inflammation by nasal lavage in a cohort of 397 infants within the first 4 weeks of life. They participated in an international multicenter study on the prevention of allergy in Europe (SPACE-Biomed II Program). A volume of 2 ml of prewarmed 0.9% saline was instilled into each nasal cavity and immediately re-collected by a suction device. The average recovery was 502 microl (SD: 311 microl). The concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) were determined by RIA analysis. ECP was detectable (>2 microg/l) in 47% of samples (173/365) and EPX (>3 microg/l) in 54.7% (197/360). Children with a doctor's diagnosis of a wheezy bronchitis within the first 6 months of life...
Clinical <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Experimental Allergy, 1994
Children less than 5 yearsofage wilh aslhma wereasscsscd for total eosinophil counlsand scrum levels of the eosinophil proteins, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) und eosinophil protein X (EPX). to determine whether these meastirements would rellect eosinophilic inllammation in the airways. Initially 27 symptomatic patients. 14 atopic and 13 nonatopic were investigated. They had a mean age of I -8 years and had never been treated with Inhaled steroid and had not received Intal for 2 weeks prior to the assessment. The 14 atopic patients proved to have higher mean total eosinophil counts and serum levels o{ ECP and EPX than the 13 non-atopic patients (eosinophil eounts 0-63x10^1 vs 0 26 X IO''/I. P < OOOl: ECP .369 figll vs 10-8 ^ig/1. /' < 0001: EPX 690 /ig/1 r,v 19 6 /ig/l. /'<0 01 ).Thirteen of thesepatientsrequired treatment with dailydosesof inhaled steroid and 11 had a repeat assessment (seven atopie and four non-atopic). The mean serum ECP ofthe seven atopic patients had fallen signiticantly (40 6 to 22-9. P < 0 05) while the total eosinophil counts did not. These results suggest a dillerence in numbers and activity of eosinophils in atopie compared with non-atopic asthma in young children.
Eosinophils and eosinophil-derived proteins in children with moderate asthma
European Respiratory Journal, 1996
Laboratory parameters can contribute to the diagnosis of asthma, which is often a difficult procedure in paediatric patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophilderived neurotoxin (EDN) in the diagnosis of paediatric asthma. The number of eosinophils, serum ECP and EDN, and urinary EDN were determined in 22 children with stable, allergic asthma, aged 4-14 yrs, and in 17 agematched healthy controls. Symptoms were monitored, the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was recorded in the younger children, and lung function tests (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and the provocative concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20)) were performed in the older children. None of the asthmatic children had respiratory symptoms. PEFR was not significantly different in asthmatic children compared to controls. The FEV1 % predicted was significantly lower compared to controls. The number of eosinophils, serum ECP and EDN, and urinary EDN were significantly higher in asthmatic children compared with controls. After correction of serum ECP and EDN, and urinary EDN for the number of eosinophils, the differences between patients and controls disappeared. The nocturnal PEFR and the FEV1 were significantly related to urinary EDN. The results suggest that serum and urinary concentration of eosinophil-derived proteins can be determined instead of the number of eosinophils to support the diagnosis of asthma in childhood. The urinary concentration of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin can be especially valuable in young children, because in this age group quantification of lung function cannot be performed and blood sampling can be difficult.
Serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein in allergic diseases and natural allergen exposure
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1996
Background: Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a cytotoxic preformed mediator stored in eosinophil granules and released under various in vitro and in vivo conditions. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the clinical value of ECP as a marker of allergic inflammation. Methods: ECP was measured by a competitive radioimmunoassay in serum samples from 265 patients and 45 matched control subjects and related to the type of allergic disease (asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis) and to the type of allergic sensitization. Results: All the patient groups studied showed significantly higher levels of serum ECP than control groups (p < 0.001). The type of sensitization was shown to be the only variable influencing ECP serum levels. In fact, subjects sensitized to perennial allergens had significantly higher ECP values than subjects with seasonal allergy (p < 0.001), whereas in patients with seasonal allergy ECP levels were significantly increased only during the pollen season. Differences in ECP values between various allergic diseases or age groups were only due to a nonhomogeneous distribution of the type of sensitization or to time of sera collection. Conclusions: Results obtained indicate that persistent natural exposure to a sensitizing allergen is responsible for a measurable increase in serum ECP levels in patients with allergy.
Revista română de pediatrie, 2018
Aim. To assess the correlation between the serum level of eosinophilic cationic protein (S-ECP) and the occurrence of eosinophilia, respectively the exhaled nitric oxide value (FeNO), in children with atopic asthma and aeroallergens sensitization. Material and method. A prospective study including 63 children with atopic asthma and aeroallergens sensitization aged 5-18 years old, conducted in Pediatric Department of Children Clinical Hospital "Dr. Victor Gomoiu", between April 2016 and July 2017. The S-ECP level, occurrence of eosinophilia and FeNO value were initially determined. Thereafter the statistically significance of the correlation between S-ECP and the occurrence of eosinophilia, respectively FeNO value, was assessed. Results. 22 patients had normal S-ECP level; among them only 8 had eosinophilia. 41 patients had increased S-ECP level; among them 28 had eosinophilia. Using the statistical function Pearson Chi-Square Test to assess the significance of the correlation between increased S-ECP level and eosinophilia we have obtained a p value = 0.0146 (statistically significant). 15 of those 22 patients with normal S-ECP level had at the same time a normal FeNO level; the other 7 patients had increased FeNO level. 17 of those 41 patients with increased S-ECP value had normal FeNO level; the other 24 patients had increased FeNO level. Using the statistical function Pearson Chi-Square Test to assess the significance of the correlation between S-ECP level and FeNO value we have obtained a p value = 0.0432 (statistically significant). Conclusion. Increased S-ECP level is correlated with the occurrence of eosinophilia and also with the increased FeNO value in atopic children with aeroallergens sensitization.
Family history and cord blood eosinophil count as predictors for atopic manifestations
Central European Journal of Public Health
Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between several clinical parameters and the appearance of atopic manifestations (atopic eczema, food allergy, wheezing bronchitis, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis) in the first four years of life. Methods: A total of 139 unselected full-term newborns were included in a prospective follow up from birth to age 4. Cord blood total immunoglobulin E (cIgE) and cord blood absolute eosinophil count (cEo), positive family history of allergy, maternal smoking during pregnancy, mode of delivery, and duration of exclusive and overall breastfeeding were evaluated as predictors for appearance of atopic manifestations. Results: We found that children with a positive family history of both mother and father are 19.03 times more likely to develop atopic manifestations and those with a positive family history of only mothers are 12.55 times more likely to develop atopy compared with children with a negative family history. Neonates with cord blood eosinophilia had 5.30 times higher chances for developing atopic manifestations. No statistically significant associations were found between cIgE (p = 0.099), mode of delivery (p = 0.379), maternal smoking (p = 0.661), exclusive (p = 0.867) and overall breastfeeding duration (p = 0.675) and the presence of atopic manifestations up to age 4. Conclusions: A positive medical history, especially of mothers and cEo, seem to be predictive in screening for the onset of allergic diseases.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1996
Background: Eosinophils are thought to play an important role in the symptomatology and pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. Most quantitative studies on eosinophils in nasal mucosa have focused on the dynamics of eosinophils in the acute and late phases of the allergic reaction by using different cell sampling techniques. Little is known about the dynamics of eosinophils during a more prolonged period of allergen exposure and the activation of eosinophils induced by allergen challenge. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics and activation of the eosinophils in the nasal mucosa of patients with an isolated grass pollen allergy during an out-of-season 2-week allergen exposure, mimicking the natural grass pollen season. Methods: Seventeen patients with isolated grass pollen allergy and four control subjects were challenged daily with the allergen during a 2-week period in the winter. Nasal brush specimens were obtained before provocation and each day during the provocation period. Biopsy specimens were obtained once before, six times during, and once after the provocation period. Preparations made of nasal brush and nasal biopsy specimens were stained with the monoclonal antibody BMK 13 and Giemsa stain as paneosinophil markers and with the monoclonal antibody EG2 to identify activated eosinophils. Results: We found significant increases in the total number of eosinophils and the number of activated eosinophils in the epithelium and lamina propria. These increases were most explicit in the second week. BMK 13 was found to be a paneosinophil marker superior to Giemsa staining. Conclusion: Eosinophils are not only involved in the acute and late phases of the allergic reaction but are probably even more involved in the chronic phase. (J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL 1996;97:800-11.)
Total IgE and Absolute Eosinophils Count as a Predictor of Allergic Diseases in Children
Egyptian Journal of …
Objective: To study the role of both serum total IgE levels and the absolute eosinophils count, total IgE alone, absolute eosinophils count alone as a marker of allergy in children, and to see their association with the host factors (age and sex) Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital-Jeddah (KAUH), during the year 2008. Three hundred children below the age of fifteen years meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. Serum total IgE levels and absolute eosinophils count were done in all patients. Data was collected and tabulated. Chi-square was applied to test the association of the variables using SPSS and p-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Out of 300 patients, 27(9%) had raised both serum total IgE and absolute eosinophils count, 146(48.67%) had raised serum total IgE alone, 40(13.3%) had raised absolute eosinophils count alone. Both IgE plus absolute eosinophilic count, total IgE alone and absolute eosinophilic count alone are not significantly related to the child sex with (P-values 0.759, 0.742, 0.699) respectively, however all are related significantly to the child age (P-values <0.004, <0.001, <0.012) respectively. All are not related significantly to systemic allergies except the significant relation between the absolute eosinophils count with atopic dermatitis (Pvalue <0.031) Conclusion: Serum total IgE level and absolute eosinophils count, total IgE alone and absolute eosinophils count alone are not a good predictor of allergy in children except that the absolute eosinophils count can be considered as a strong predictor of atopic dermatitis in children. It's clear now, that as the child age increase the positivity of all the tests increase also. CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk
Clinical <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Experimental Allergy, 1999
Background Recent studies suggest that eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) may be valuable markers of airway inflammation in various body fluids of asthmatic children. Most of these studies have relied on a single measure of inflammatory markers. Objective We measured ECP and EPX in nasal lavage fluids (NALF) and urine samples in children with asthma over a 6-month period to study the relationship between inflammatory markers and clinical severity. Methods Fourteen children with mild persisting asthma (mean age 11.7 years, SD 2.2) were recruited. All patients were on therapy including inhaled steroids. For a 6-month period asthma severity was monitored by at least monthly physical examination and pulmonary function tests. Daily morning and evening PEF, asthma symptoms and medication were recorded in diaries for the whole study period. Telephone interviews were performed between visits and additional visits were done in case of an increase in asthmatic symptoms or drop of PEF values under 80% of best value. An exacerbation was defined by a fall of FEV 1 > 10% and an increase in asthma symptoms and additional need of b 2-agonist. NALF and urine samples were obtained at each visit and analysed for ECP (NALF only) and EPX. Results Mean observation time was 186.4 days (SD 19.8). Thirteen patients completed the study. During the study period 11 exacerbations were observed in six patients. No significant associations between PEF, PEF variability (amplitude % of mean), daily symptoms, additional b 2-agonist, FEV 1 and MEF 50 and nasal ECP, nasal EPX and urinary EPX were found. However, at exacerbations an average increase of nasal ECP (9.3 vs 50.3 mg/L) and EPX (nasal EPX 36.4 vs 141.7 mg/L, urinary EPX 46.4 vs 74.1 mg/mmol creatinine) was observed. Conclusion Serial measurements of ECP and EPX in NALF and urine samples do not provide additional information for the practical management in monitoring childhood asthma.