Tourette syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders: a comprehensive review (original) (raw)
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Journal of Child and Adolescent Behavior, 2017
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder that is characterized by the presence of multiple motor tics and at least one phonic tic for a minimum of one year duration. It has many differential diagnoses and is often associated with psychiatric comorbidities. One of the differential diagnoses of TS is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); the stereotypic behavior of which needs to be differentiated from the tics of Tourette sufferers. This is a report of an 8-year-old boy with Tourette syndrome who was seriously disabled by his symptoms that necessitated thorough evaluation to exclude any causes, differential diagnoses, and or comorbidities. The treatment of children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome is an important clinical issue. In such cases the potential longterm negative effects of using antipsychotic or other medications need to be weighed against the disruptive effects of persistent Tourette symptoms on patients' lives.
Psychomotor consequences in children with Tourette’s Syndrome
São Paulo Medical Journal, 2021
Background: Tourette’s Syndrome (TS) has a neuropsychiatric aspect and a chronic repertoire of motor-phonic tics. The common onset is in infants and remission in adults. Objective: investigate psychomotor consequences in children with TS. Design and settings: literature review. Methods: eleven studies were selected from a group of 20 after searching the MEDLINE database for “psychomotor performance OR psychomotor development” and “Tourette’s Syndrome”. Only articles with full texts available and published from 2011-2021 were included. Results: the response time (RT) of children with TS was longer. Throughout Do/Don’t tasks, with/without false alarms, the RT was lower while the accuracy of movement (AM) was greater. A study on RT and AM with different levels of complexity showed greater difficulty in ST group (p<0.001) with RT increasing according to complexity. Many children with TS also had ADHD, and when comparing them to the ones only with TS, the ADHD+TS group made more mista...
Tourette’s From a Neuropsychological Perspective
Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 2018
Purpose of Review Pediatric neuropsychologists have interest in the relationship between neurodevelopmental disorders and chronic health conditions, and the developing brain. With growing survivorship of children with such conditions, pediatric neuropsychologists are increasingly looking to the literature for guidance regarding evaluation and treatment approaches, including those for Tourette's syndrome. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of the complexity in the clinical presentation of Tourette's so that patient care is optimal, and generation of literature for future study of the elusive aspects of the disorder is encouraged. Recent Findings The published research regarding Tourette syndrome encompasses many aspects of the disorder. Those that are of relevance to pediatric neuropsychologists will be discussed. Summary Pediatric neuropsychologists must seek out relevant information about Tourette's syndrome for the purposes of patient care. In this article, a brief review of current literature highlights the most salient aspects of this complex disorder to be considered for evaluation and treatment purposes.
Clinical phenomenology and phenotype variability in Tourette syndrome
Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2009
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a rich phenomenology that includes simple and complex motor and vocal tics as well as multiple comorbidities. From a nosological perspective, it is evident that a continuum of tic severity exists, of which TS is the most severe and rare form, while transient tics and chronic tics represent milder forms. From a psychopathology perspective, TS is often concurrent with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); these disorders appear to define TS "types" TS only, TS+OCD, and TS+OCD+ADHD. Additional clinical aspects of TS include more frequent than expected occurrence of anger episodes, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, impulse control disorders, learning disorders, and pervasive developmental disorders. Data reduction techniques have been used more recently to define a "simple" and "complex" tic symptom clusters or factors. Phenomenologic approaches can be used in TS to guide future pathophysiologic research.
Asian journal of psychiatry, 2014
The fifth version of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) was released in May 2013 after 14 years of development and almost two decades after the last edition DSM-IV was published in 1994. We review the DSM journey with regards to Tourette Syndrome from the original publication of DSM 1 in 1952 till date. In terms of changes in DSM 5, the major shift has come in the placement of Tourette Syndrome under the 'Neurodevelopmental Disorders' alongside other disorders with a developmental origin. This review provides an overview of the changes in DSM-5 highlighting key points for clinical practice and research along with a snap shot of the current use of DSM as a classificatory system in different parts of the world and suggestions for improving the subtyping and the diagnostic confidence.
Neuropsychological Functioning In Children With Tourette Syndrome (TS)
Journal of the …, 2009
Objective: We examined whether children with Tourette syndrome (TS) displayed a unique pattern of neuropsychological deficits on the CANTAB® relative to control children. We also looked at whether children with TS and other comorbidities had more neuropsychological ...
Tourette's syndrome and associated disorders: a systematic review
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 2014
Objective: To compile data on Tourette's syndrome (TS), tics and associated disorders.Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the 5S levels of organization of healthcare research evidence (systems, summaries, synopses, syntheses, studies), based on the model described by Haynes. The search keywords were Tourette, tics and comorbidity, which were cross-referenced. Studies provided by publishers and articles being processed on July 31, 2013, were also included.Results: Of all studies retrieved during the search, 64 were selected because they analyzed the epidemiology, clinical features and etiopathogenesis of TS and its comorbidities. TS is classified as a hyperkinetic movement disorder, and at least 90% of the patients have neuropsychiatric comorbidities, of which attention deficit hyperactivity and obsessive-compulsive disorders are the most common. The syndrome is clinically heterogeneous and has been associated with a dysfunction of cortico-striatal-...