Hydrological modeling using the SWAT model based on two types of data from the watershed of Beni Haroun dam, Algeria (original) (raw)
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Hydrologic Modeling of the Bouregreg Watershed (Morocco) Using GIS and SWAT Model
Journal of Geographic Information System, 2011
The study of water resources at watershed scale is widely adopted as approach to manage, assess and simulate these important natural resources. The development of remote sensing and GIS techniques has allowed the use of spatially and physically based hydrologic models to simulate as simply and realistically as possible the functioning of watershed systems. Indeed, the major constraint that has hindered the expansion use of these tools was the unavailability or scarcity of data especially in the developing countries. In this context, the objective of this study is to model the hydrology in the Bouregreg basin, located at the north-central of Morocco, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in order to understand and determine the different watershed hydrological processes. Thus, it aims to simulate the stream flow, establish the water balance and estimate the monthly volume inflow to SMBA dam situated at the basin outlet. The ArcSWAT interface implemented in the ArcGIS software was used to delineate the basin and its sub-components, combine the data layers and edit the model database. The model parameters were analyzed, ranked and adjusted for hydrologic modeling purposes using daily temporal data series. They were calibrated using an auto-calibration method based on a Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm from 1989 to 1997 and validated from 1998 to 2005. Based on statistical indicators, the evaluation indicates that SWAT model had a good performance for both calibration and validation periods in Bouregreg Watershed. In fact, the model showed a good correlation between the observed and simulated monthly average river discharge with R² and Nash coefficient of about 0.8. The water balance components were correctly estimated and the SMBA dam inflow was successfully reproduced with R² of 0.9. These results revealed that if properly calibrated, SWAT model can be used efficiently in semi-arid regions to support water management policies.
2014
Estimation of water yield and water balance in a river catchment is critical to the sustainable management of water resources at watershed level in any country. Therefore, in the present study, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) interfaced with Geographical Information System (GIS) was applied as a tool to predict water balance and water yield of a catchment area in Nigeria. The catchment area, which was 12,992km<sup>2</sup>, is located upstream Jebba hydropower dam in North central part of Nigeria. In this study, data on the observed flow were collected and compared with simulated flow using SWAT. The correlation between the two data sets was evaluated using statistical measures, such as, Nasch-Sucliffe Efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>). The model output shows a good agreement between the observed flow and simulated flow as indicated by NSE and R<sup>2</sup>, which were greater than 0.7 for both calibration and ...
Simulation of Rainfall-Runoff process using SWAT model in Bouhamdane watershed, Algeria
Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva, 2022
The current research examines the runoff response in the Bouhamdane watershed in Algeria using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT). The SWAT model is applied for the Bouhamane watershed, which includes three sub-watersheds and 45 Hydraulic Response Units (HRUs). To assess the ability and effectiveness of the model, one-gauge station in the basin (sabat) was chosen. Monthly discharge flow data are sourced from Algeria's National Water Resources Agency (NWRA). The soil and water assessment tool calibration uncertainty programs (SWAT-CUPs) with the sequential uncertainty fitting (SUFI 2) algorithm were used to calibrate and validate the model. The model was run from 1985 to 2004, with a calibration period between 1985 and 1994 and a validation period between 1995 and 2005. The model's runoff simulation efficiency has been improved by adjusting watershed input parameters. The SWAT model's performance was assessed statistically (coefficient of determination [R2], Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficient [NSE], and Percent BIAS [PBIAS]). The monthly calibration R2, NSE, and PBIAS were 0.89, 0.68, and 43, respectively, and the monthly validation R2, NSE, and PBIAS were 0.78, 0.76, and 10.4, respectively. These results support that the SWAT model is an effective tool for simulating the surface runoff of the Bouhamdane watershed.
Open Geosciences
The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate monthly runoff in the Yarmouk River Basin (YRB). The objectives were to assess the performance of this model in simulating the hydrological responses in arid watersheds then utilized to study the impact of YRB agricultural development project on transport of sediments in the YRB. Nine and three years of input data, namely from 2005 to 2013, were used to calibrate the model, whereas data from 2014 to 2015 were used for model validation. Time series plots as well as statistical measures, including the coefficient of determination (R 2) and the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSE) that range between 0 to 1 and −∞ to 1, respectively, between observed and simulated monthly runoff values were used to verify the SWAT simulation capability for the YRB. The SWAT model satisfactorily predicted mean monthly runoff values in the calibration and validation periods, as indicated by R 2 = 0.95 and NSE = 0.96 and R 2 = 0.91 an...
Hydrological Model for Derbendi-Khan Dam Reservoir Watershed Using SWAT Model
Engineering and Technology Journal, 2020
In this study, the watershed’s runoff of Derbendi-Khan dam reservoir within the upper part of Diyala River reach the northeast of Iraq was modeled by Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The model calibration and validation were based on monthly measured inflow to the dam reservoir. They extended for a period between 1979 and 2008 with a warm-up period of two years, twenty-year for calibration, and eight-year for validation. Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version 2 (SUFI2) automatic calibration algorithm method used for model calibration and sensitivity analysis. Results demonstrate that the model performance for the studied watershed which is evaluated, with many statistical criteria, was very good. The sensitivity analysis pointed parameters (CH_K2, CN2 ALPHA_BF, SFTMP, SOL_AWC, and CH_N2) are the most useful parameters on runoff calibration for the studied watershed. Moreover, it was found that the average annual areal snowmelt ratio to the average annual areal precipitation during...
Journal of Geographic Information System, 2013
Water is undoubtedly the most vital natural resource. Water use management is one of the greatest challenges that face humanity. The demand for water is continuously growing because of the population growth, the intensive urbanization and the development of industrial and agricultural activities. To face the increasing pressure on this vital resource, it is so necessary to set up the adequate instruments to ensure a rational and efficient management of this resource. In this context, the hydrological modeling is largely used as an instrument to assess the functioning of these resources at watershed scale. In addition, the use of spatial models let to depict and simulate the watershed processes at small spatial and heterogeneous scales that reflect the field reality more accurate and more realistic as possible. However, the use of spatial models requires geospatial data that must be gathered at very fine scales. The aim of this study is to highlight the contribution of geospatial data to assess the hydrologic modeling of watershed by using a spatial hydro-agricultural model, notably the SWAT model (Soil and water Assessment Tool). The study area is the Basin of Low Oum Er Rbiaa River which extends from the Al Massira dam to its outlet in the Atlantic Ocean. This watershed includes a set of dams (Daourat, Imfout and Sidi Mâachou) built in waterfall fashion along the river. The objective was to simulate the hydrological functioning of this area that had never been modeled in order to assess the management of these reservoirs used essentially to produce electricity and fresh water. The implementation of the SWAT model required a spatial database that was built from topography, soil, land use and climate data. The calibration and validation of the model was carried out on a daily basis over several years (2001-2010) using The ArcSWAT tool integrated in ArcGIS software and the Parasol optimization method. The calibration of SWAT model was successfully done with 0.6 as value of Nash coefficient used commonly in hydrology to evaluate the model performance. The calibrated model was then used to estimate the hydrological balance sheet of the Low Oum Er Rbiaa to model the intermediate contribution of the three reservoirs situated in the watershed.
Application of the SWAT model on the Medjerda river basin (Tunisia
Physics and Chemistry of The Earth, 2005
The Medjerda river basin (Northern Tunisia) is experiencing an intensification of agriculture and the irrigated area is increasing rapidly. The SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model, a soil, water, sediment, and nutrient transformation and fate simulator for agricultural watersheds, was applied to this catchment to study the potential impact of land management scenarios. The model was able to represent the hydrological cycle even though some discrepancies were observed, probably due to a lack of sufficient rainfall data, and due to the lack of representation of reservoirs. It was predicted that converting all agricultural land to irrigated crop introduced significant changes on nitrate concentration in surface water. However, the concentration was still below the limit of potability. It was also predicted that drastic reduction in the load of ammonium and phosphorus could be achieved by collecting and treating wastewater from major urban areas.
2018
Application of models to study of the hydrological function of watersheds has become a priority for countries wishing to conserve and protect their water resources. This need becomes essential for countries suffering from water stress such as Morocco where sustainable and predictable management is essential. It requires an indepth knowledge of the variables influencing the functioning of the basins, particularly the land use and their basin characteristics for a correct implementation of the management model. In this study, the SWAT model is used to simulate the monthly inflow at the Kansera Dam for the period 2001-2010, including one year (2001) for the warm-up of the model. 2011-2014 constituted the validation period of the model. Water balance indicates a dominance of evaporative water losses accounting for 41% of total rainfall including runoff from snowmelt. Runoff accounts for 13% of precipitation while lateral flow is 5%. The rest is divided between the deep aquifer recharge of 8% and percolation, in addition to the flow back to the river which represents about 32%. The sensitivity analysis was performed for the calibration period using the SUFI-2 algorithm available from SWAT-CUP using 31 parameters hydrologic selected from the past available literature. Only 14 parameters that they represent the most sensitive parameters has been retained. 0.83, 0.77 and-3.9 are the respective values of R2, NSE, and PBIAS during the calibration period, which represents very good performance for simulations for Beht basin. These performances for the hydrologic model were reduced to good during the validation period following an increase in the value of PBIAS, which are 0.2% higher than the limit values. Although the simulation estimates the water flows feeding the Kansera dam on a monthly time step, the results provide the means to develop a decision support system for this dam.
Due to the lack of surface runoff data in that area, the Mosul dam reservoir watershed was modeled by using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, which has an interface with the geographical information system (ArcGIS). This model was calibrated for the period extended from 1979–1991 with a monthly intervals and validated for the period from 1992–1999. A SUFI – 2 algorithm procedure within the SWAT- CUP program was applied in the calibration and validation process and sensitivity analysis. The accuracy of this model for the studied area was classified as very good for the calibration period and good for validation according to the statistical parameters. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that there are eight parameters that have the greatest impact on the hydrological processes in the study area. Results illustrated that the area of the Mosul Dam watershed was 11108 km2. Results showed that the average annual net runoff that entered the Mosul dam reservoir was 2565 MCM. T...
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2013
To utilize water resources in a sustainable manner, it is necessary to understand the quantity and quality in space and time. This study was initiated to evaluate the performance and applicability of the physically based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in analyzing the influence of hydrologic parameters on the streamflow variability and estimation of monthly and seasonal water yield at the outlet of Shaya mountainous watershed. The calibrated SWAT model performed well for simulation of monthly streamflow. Statistical model performance measures, coefficient of determination (r 2) of 0.71, the Nash-Sutcliffe simulation efficiency (E NS) of 0.71 and percent difference (D) of 3.69, for calibration and 0.76, 0.75 and 3.30, respectively for validation, indicated good performance of the model simulation on monthly time step. Mean monthly and annual water yield simulated with the calibrated model were found to be 25.8 mm and 309.0 mm, respectively. Overall, the model demonstrated good performance in capturing the patterns and trend of the observed flow series, which confirmed the appropriateness of the model for future scenario simulation. Therefore, SWAT model can be taken as a potential tool for simulation of the hydrology of unguaged watershed in mountainous areas, which behave hydro-meteorologically similar with Shaya watershed. Future studies on Shaya watershed modeling should address the issues related to water quality and evaluate best management practices.