Effect of cationic surfactant addition on the drag reduction behaviour of anionic polymer solutions (original) (raw)
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Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2008
Interaction between water-soluble polymers and anionic surfactants has been studied by surface tension and conductivity measurements. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) were used as surfactant while polyacrylamide (PAA), commercial grade partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA), and xanthan gum were used as water-soluble polymers for the present study. The behavior of surfactant-polymer interaction was found to be dependent on both surfactant and polymer concentrations. After the critical aggregation concentration (CAC), interaction between the water-soluble polymer and surfactants was started and above the polymer saturation point (PSP) polymer was saturated by surfactant with no further change of surface tension and conductivity of the solution. It has also been found that alkali (NaOH) and salts (Na 2 CO 3 , NaCl) have significant influence on the polymer-surfactant interaction.
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2017
The interactions of two gemini surfactants (16s-16, s = 5, 6) and their conventional counterpart cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with polyethylene glycols (PEG 3000 and PEG 35000) have been investigated using conductivity, steady state fluorescence, viscosity and TEM techniques. The results indicate that there is no interaction between the PEG 3000/CTAB complex at lower polymer concentrations. However, a very weak interaction is observed at higher concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 wt% PEG 3000), while PEG 3000 and PEG 35000 interact with the gemini surfactants. Both critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and critical micelle concentration (CMC) increases with polymer concentration but are independent of the polymer molecular weight. From steady state fluorescence it is found that the addition of PEG results in no drastic decrease in the aggregation number (N) for all surfactants. This suggests that the atmosphere surrounding the polyion-bound micelles, with respect to the influence on the forces acting at the micelle surface, is equivalent to the counterion/water atmosphere surrounding free micelles. The relative viscosity (g r) results show an enhancement in g r for all the surfactants. The increase in g r is quite significant with gemini surfactants. Polymer-surfactant interaction also depends on the polymer molecular weight. Also, the interaction seems to affect both inter polymer-polymer association as well as chain expansion. Additionally the surfactant induced changes in the polymer conformation depicted by TEM study at the micro structural level confirmed previously observed interactions determined by different analytical techniques.
Langmuir, 2011
Complex formation between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and surfactants has been an important subject of research for both fundamental and application reasons. 1À7 PolymerÀ surfactant mixtures are widely exploited in commonplace formulations to manipulate their performance behaviors. The ternary systems of surfactant, polymer, and water have potential for domestic, industrial, and technological applications, viz., foods, paints, drug delivery, coatings, laundry products, cosmetics, etc. 8,9 In such applications, polymers are mainly used as viscosity modifiers and stabilizers. Oppositely charged polymerÀ micellar aggregates can serve as models for polyionÀcolloid systems. 10 The Coulombic polyionÀcolloid interaction guides the flocculation of inorganic materials important in water purification. 11,12 Although the field is continuously being explored, information on combinations of different kinds is yet not adequate from the standpoint of fundamental understanding and applications.
Effect of Head Groups, Temperature, and Polymer Concentration on Surfactant—Polymer Interactions
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2014
The micellization behaviour of sodium dodecyl sulphate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and cetylpyridinium chloride in water and in aqueous solutions of polyethylene oxide (PEO, molecular weight = 100,000) having concentrations (0.005-0.04 %, w/v) has been studied at different temperatures (288.15-318.15 K) using conductivity, surface tension, and viscosity methods. From conductivity measurements various micellar parameters, like critical micellar concentration (CMC), critical aggregation concentration (CAC), polymer saturation point (PSP), degree of ionization (b), and standard free energy of transfer (DG 0 t), have been calculated. CAC values have been found to decrease with polymer concentration and increase with temperature. However, the PSP values increase with both polymer concentration and temperature for all surfactants. Similar parameters have also been calculated from surface tension data (CMC r , CAC r , PSP r) along with other parameters such as maximum surface excess concentration at the air/water interface (C max), minimum area per molecule (A min), and packing parameter (p). The CMC r , CAC r , and PSP r values are smaller than the corresponding CMC, CAC, and PSP values, but both show similar behaviour with temperature and concentration of polymer. Various parameters indicate that the presence of the aromatic ring in the head group of surfactant decreases its interaction with PEO, whereas the increased hydrophobicity in the tail leads to stronger interactions with PEO. Viscosity studies further supplement the conclusions drawn from the above results.
Interactions between drag reducing polymers and surfactants
2009
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Effect of Polymer Molecular Weight on the Polymer/Surfactant Interaction
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2005
A thermodynamic analysis of the interaction between fourteen different molar mass poly(ethylene oxide)s (PEO) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) based on the measured surfactant-binding isotherms is given. The surfactant-binding isotherms were determined by the potentiometric method in the presence of 0.1 M inert electrolyte (NaBr). It was found that there is no PEO/SDS complex formation if M PEO < 1000. In the molecular weight range 1000 < M PEO < 8000, the critical aggregation concentration (cac) and the surfactant aggregation number are decreasing as the polymer molecular weight increases. The saturated bound surfactant amount is proportional to the number concentration of the polymer in this molecular weight range. If M PEO exceeds ∼8000, the cac does not depend on the polymer molar mass, and the saturated bound amount of the surfactant becomes proportional to the mass concentration of the polymer. It was also observed that independently of the polymer molecular weight the surfactant aggregation number increases as the equilibrium surfactant monomer concentration increases from the cac to the critical micellar concentration (cmc). Finally, it was demonstrated that only one polymer molecule is involved in the complex formation independently of the polymer molecular weight.
Effect of polymer conformation on polymer-surfactant interaction in salt-free water
Colloid and Polymer Science, 2016
The aim of the present paper was to study the interaction between polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium bis(2ethylhexyl) sulfoccinate (AOT), as an anionic surfactant, over a temperature range of 25-60°C by viscosity and electrical conductivity measurements. A coil-to-globule transition of PVP in water was observed. The critical micellar concentration (CMC) was determined by conductivity at 25 and 50°C. The formation of the complex PVP-AOT in water was studied by conductivity and viscometry at 25 and 50°C, where the polymer chain adopts respectively coil and globule conformations, and the obtained curves show two break points corresponding to the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and the polymer saturation point (PSP). The viscometric behavior of PVP-AOT system was studied by using three selected AOT concentrations: C AOT,1 , C AOT,2 , and C AOT,3 with C AOT,1 < CAC < C AOT,2 < PSP < C AOT,3. For C AOT,1 , the system behaves as a neutral polymer. A pseudopolyelectrolyte behavior was observed for the surfactant concentration (C AOT,2). Above the PSP, and for the C AOT,3 concentration, a screening effect appears due to the increase of the free AOT micelles concentrations. In presence of surfactants, the polymer chains swell especially when the PVP is in globular state.