Connective Tissues: Everyday engagements with urban yards (original) (raw)
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PART -1 URBAN SPACE 1.1 VIEWS OF URBAN DESIGNERS ABOUT URBAN SPACE
One building standing alone in the countryside is experienced as a work of architecture, but bring half a dozen buildings together and an art other than architecture is made possible. Several things begin happen in the group which would be impossible for the isolated building. We may walk through and past the buildings, and as a corner is turned an unsuspected building is suddenly revealed. We may be surprised, even astonished a reaction generated by the composition of the ground not by the individual building. Again, suppose that the buildings have been put together in a group so that one can get inside the group; than the space created between the buildings is seen to have a life of its own over and above the buildings which create it and one's reaction is to say "I am inside it" or "Law Entering it".
Architecture ≠ Landscape: The Case Against Hybridization
ACSA, Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting, 2018
While there is growing interest in hybridizing the disciplines of architecture and landscape architecture, this essay argues against such an endeavor. Beyond the numerous ideological and logistical obstacles posed by hybridization, this essay contends that the distinction between architecture and landscape architecture plays a critical role within the political structure of the contemporary city. More specifically, it is argued that such a disciplinary division is necessary in order to maintain the legibility of public and private space. Through a series of examples and case studies, the essay outlines two opposing conceptions of ground– continuous and discrete–as well as their respective socio-political implications within contemporary urbanism. Ultimately, the paper argues for discrete approaches to ground, which allow architects to retain a critical position relative to the city as a whole.
Conservation/Adapation. Keeping alive the spirit of the place – Adaptive reuse of Heritage with symbolic value, D. Fiorani – L. Kealy – S. F. Musso, ed., EAAE, Hasselt (Belgium), 2017
This theoretical reflection will be on the intimate connection between a building and the urban space where it stands and, more specifically, on the capability of this symbiosis or dialogue to identify and keep alive the ‘spirit’ of a place in recurring reuse and re-adaption. The latter involves both the building (structure, plan, spatial layout, use, architectural qualities, etc.) and its setting or location (relationship to a road, square, surroundings, etc.). Some important Italian examples are cited, geographically and historically diverse, which underline the importance of that ‘reciprocity’: they are used as paradigms to compare with the cases of Genk and Liège, which were the objects of debate in this workshop.
The Journal of Architecture, 2015
Bronx-sited Twin Parks Housing Development in New York City, asked: 'to what purpose do you assign the space under the pilotis? The problem posed by the pilotis [ … ] is integral to the original model [ … ] What would the inhabitants of the Ville Radieuse have done with these continuous arcades? [ … ] This is the typological burden … ' The apparent banality of Frampton's observation obscures what is revealed in the lifting up of the building on pilotis: the ground itself. Rather than follow Frampton's use of typology as a descriptive tool in the service of a critical judgement, this paper will instead see the question of type as one involving a diagnostic and propositional gesture within the design process itself, and as part of an ongoing and critical questioning of the city. The paper will explore how the three-dimensional articulation of the ground level evident in a trajectory of projects in New York City has been a site of concentrated architectural research from the late nineteenth century through to contemporary approaches to urban intensification. Here the ground can be seen to be both an object of architectural investigation and spatial reasoning, and at the same time, to operate at a strategic intersection with the spatial politics of the liberal metropolis.
A Spatial Understanding of Architecture and the City
Mapping Urban Spaces, 2021
Let us imagine a work of architecture at the moment of its emergence, merging design with construction, from the originating idea all the way to the keystone, but still without any imputation of a meaningful purpose, without aligning it with the existing location, and without any presuppositions concerning the time that may have elapsed, which is to say, in relation to a " framework," and in the absence of any internal or external " padding," 1 so to speak: at this point, it becomes conceivable that neither " purpose," nor " place," nor " time" is among the attributes of a building, despite the fact that these factors have, more or less, influenced its realization as " external" factors. The external factors determine the "inner" specifications-those concerning "materials," "construction," "form," "function," and " space"-all of which emerge, in turn, as characteristic attributes of the building itself. The essential work of design and construction also consists, then, in transferring such external conditions, by means of the idea, into the architecture, into the building, inscribing them onto its inner specifications. 2 This is not, however, the time or place to investigate this process further or to reflect upon the significance of the design process, the idea, or this process of transfer: what is pursued here instead is the content of these basic concepts. In the discipline of architecture today, " space" is perhaps among the most controversial concepts, and perhaps the most ambiguous, t oo-but why should this be the case? While in previous eras, disputes over the conceptual and contentual determination of " space" were invested with claims to philosophical and physical authority, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the discourse on space migrated into various disciplines, among them art history, sociology, phenomenology, and psychology, but the natural sciences in particular. Today, the implications of the term " space" and the theoretical model that underlies it are still being negotiated and affirmed in diverse ways within the various disciplines. It appears that only a transdisciplinary history of the concept could provide insight here, one that would bring together the various " evolutionary" threads of understanding and imagination, meaning and content, and theoretical models and synesthetic perception together in a nuanced way. With the spatial turn in the cultural and social sciences that began in the late 1980s, and also with the succeeding revival of an architectural and theoretical discourse on space, spaces, and spatiality 3 around the turn of the millennium, a disciplinary differentiation of conceptual terminology has become evident.
CHOREOGRAPHING LANDSCAPE IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF COLLECTIVE HOUSING 2015
A collective housing model that provides structure for a compact city, also introduces a fundamental challenge: maintaining a phenomenological relationship between the human and the natural landscape. This housing model relies on hyper-utility of the land, running the risk of reducing natural choreographies and processes. This investigation proposes the reevaluation of the relationship between human and landscape, recognizing the housing model as a space for the development of daily life, and where a person’s first social and environmental values are found. Currently, the concern for the environment is distorted with the introduction of “cleantech” technology that replaces the responsibility of humans over their resources. These are consumer based questions, and do not alter the essence of the human relationship with its natural resources. This investigation challenges that the dominant image of sustainability is a matter of technology. It focuses, instead, on the cultural and social dimensions of sustainability, particularly, the humanlandscape relationship and how it can be enhanced through the architecture of housing projects. This article consists of five chapters that center around the human-landscape relationship within the context of housing. To start, the first chapter outlines the concept of “landscape” addressed in this study, and analyzes the importance of its relationship with the social and psychological development of the human. The second chapter teases out the loss of this human-landscape relationship in Medellin, Colombia; a model of an emerging Latin American city in the 21st century. This study uncovers the denaturalization of the “prototype” housing model in this city by analyzing some housing projects built within this century. The third chapter contrasts these projects with examples from a global framework that favor cultivating a daily relationship between human and landscape, leading to an understanding of their codes and principles. Complied together, these become the “Landscape Manifesto”, which serves to both evaluate existing projects, and to serve as criteria to guide architects and housing developers alike. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the housing architecture can indeed promote permanent synergy with the landscape. And that architecture can become a generator of human consciousness towards the environment, and towards more sustainable daily habits.
Symbiotic Dialogue between Landscape and Art in Urban Spaces.pdf
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This research combines multiple theoretical approaches to consider the relationship between architectural spatial configurations and spatial practices in one Camden housing estate. Two primary theoretical fields are reviewed and critiqued: semiotic and structuralism and theories of the everyday. A key focus is the way in which architecture is discussed in visual or aesthetics terms with little reference to its spatial characteristics. This is diagnosed in the literature of architectural semiotics and structuralism, history and criticism of housing and everyday accounts of architecture. Using the work of Henri Lefebvre and Michel de Certeau the argument is made that spatial configurations are intimately linked to spatial practices. This work is partly pre-figured by social and other critiques of the perceived autonomy of the architecture of the 1950s and 1960s. A review of key texts by Kevin Lynch, Jane Jacobs and Oscar Newman identify some of the potential of a socio-spatial approach to architectural criticism. Within the field of the everyday (and others) the tendency towards privileging agency is countered by de Certeau’s balanced account of the relationship between forms and practices. A review of some of the literature on Camden housing highlights the aesthetic bias setting up a sketch analysis of one estate focusing on the specificity of its spatial configurations and their relationship to practices. The case study looks at a few selected moments of a large estate in Camden, calling into play many of the issues raised, to show how specific configurations relate to present and historical forms, practices and interpretations. The intent is to provide a suggestive reading that reveals the weaknesses of previous reviews as well as pointing towards the development of a spatial approach to architecture which connects the specificity of forms to the way in which they are practiced thus highlighting the responsibility of forms.