Electromagnetic and Thermal Analysis of Permanent Magnet Machines (original) (raw)

Coupled Electromagnetic and Thermal Analysis of Electric Machines

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2020

This paper deals with the design process of electric machines, proposing a design flowchart which couples the electromagnetic and thermal models of the machine, assisted by finite element techniques. The optimization of an electrical machine, in terms of the energy efficiency and cost reduction requirements, benefits from the coupling design of the electromagnetic and thermal models. It allows the maximization of the current density and, consequently, the torque/power density within thermal limits of the active materials. The proposed coupled electromagneticthermal analysis is demonstrated using a single-phase transformer of 1 kVA. Finite element analysis is carried out via ANSYS Workbench, using Maxwell 3D for the electromagnetic design, with resistive and iron losses directly coupled to a steady-state thermal simulation, in order to determine the temperature rise which, in turn, returns to electromagnetic model for material properties update.

Electromagnetic Analysis and Design Methodology for Permanent Magnet Motors Using MotorAnalysis-PM Software

Machines, 2019

This article presents a new and powerful freeware software called MotorAnalysis-PM and discusses its application in electromagnetic design and analysis of permanent magnet (PM) motors for the electric vehicle (EV) industry. This new PM motor software utilizes both finite element (FE) and analytical methods to speed up the analysis and design process of PM motors significantly. The analysis and design methodology using MotorAnalysis-PM is presented and discussed for a 50 kW PM motor utilized in a commercial EV. To validate the accuracy of the software, the numerical results obtained from the PM motor design and analysis tool are compared with experimental results. The numerical and experimental results validate the flexibility of this software in achieving accurate motor design with short design times which is of great interest to EV and PM motor manufacturers.

Electromagnetic-Thermal-Fluidic Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine by Bidirectional Method

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2018

This paper proposed an electromagnetic-thermal-fluidic coupling model for the accurate evaluation of electromagnetic and thermal performance of a permanent magnet synchronous machine. 2-D transient finite-element method is used to investigate electromagnetic loss including copper loss, iron loss, and magnet eddy loss. The calculated electromagnetic power loss is taken as the main source of the thermal-fluidic field and the materials property is in turn updated according to the temperature distribution. The simulation result of a rated 8 kW permanent magnetic machine is compared with the measured result, which validates the accuracy of the proposed model.

A Test Procedure to Evaluate Magnets Thermal Time Constant of Permanent Magnet Machines

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2021

Thanks to their high torque density, permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) currently represent the most competitive solution in the electrification processes involving transports and energy production. However, it is known how the torque production of PMSMs is strictly related to the temperature of the permanent magnets (PMs) since the latter affects control performance and efficiency. This issue thus makes necessary the thermal analysis of the machine under consideration. In this scenario, the determination of the PM's thermal time constant covers a pivotal role in implementing an accurate thermal model of PMSMs. Therefore, this paper aims at proposing an experimental test procedure to evaluate the PM's thermal time constant of PMSMs. The proposed procedure can be applied to any PMSM type without being affected by factors such as rotor lamination, shaft, and PM distribution. In this way, accurate and reliable results are obtained. The experimental validation has been carried out on four PMSMs, with different rotor structures, sizes, power, and voltage/current levels. Experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

Modeling the Thermal Behavior of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences

The aim of this study is to present a thermal analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous machine based on finite element method. The developed model can be used to predict temperature distribution inside the studied motor during the rated operation. Electromagnetic computation is carried out with the aid of two 2D finite-element (FE) simulations on the cross-section of the PM motor. To analyse the process of heat transfer in an electrical machine, empirical correlations are used to describe the convective heat transfer from the different surfaces of the PM motor. The heat transfer coefficient is determined using dimensionless numbers and Nusselt number. After the loss calculation, the temperatures of the machine are calculated by using 3D finite element method. The results obtained by the model are compared with experimental results from testing the prototype electric motor.

Semi-Analytical Magnetic Field Predicting in Many Structures of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines Considering the Iron Permeability

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2018

This paper deals with an adaptable semi-analytical model to calculate the open-circuit and armature reaction field distributions as well as the electromagnetic performances in many structures of permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). It is based on the multi-layer models considering the iron permeability with the convolution theorem (i.e., Cauchy's product theorem) using the harmonic modeling technique (or the Maxwell-Fourier method). The 2-D semi-analytical model can be used for surfacemounted-inset-mounted or spoke-type PMSMs with different permanent-magnet (PM) magnetization patterns, winding structures, internal/external rotors, and slotless or slotted stators without the need to adopt the model equations to a specific PM machine type. For example, this scientific contribution has been applied to three types of PMSM with different topologies, viz.: i) slotted surface-mounted external rotor PMSM; ii) slotted surface-inset internal rotor PMSM; and iii) slotless external rotor spoke-type tangential PMSM. Finally, the results of semi-analytical method are compared with those found by the finite-element method.

A combined electromagnetic and thermal analysis of induction motors

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2005

The paper presents a model for coupling electromagnetic and thermal phenomena in an induction motor. The thermal analysis is done using an equivalent thermal network whose losses are determined from a complex finite element analysis of the magnetic field. The electromagnetic model includes both saturation and space harmonics. To show the validity of the proposed method, a test bench is realized so predicted and measured temperatures are compared.

Application of numerical methods in calculation of electromagnetic fields in electrical machines

2014

Finite Element Method has been proved as valuable tool for solving different electromagnetic problems inside electrical machines. Calculation of magnetic flux density and its distribution in machine cross-section is difficult to be calculated by analytical methods. Therefore Finite Element Method is implemented for solving set off Maxwell equation which enables precise calculation of electromagnetic field and magnetic flux density in three different electrical machines: three phase squirrel cage motor type 5AZ801-4 prodct of company Rade Koncar, three phase distribution transformer type product of company EMO, and single phase capacitor motor FMR-35/6 product of company MikronTech. Distribution of magnetic flux density in all three machines is calculated for different operating regimes.

Electromagnetic And Thermal (Lumped Circuit) Analysis Of Internal Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

The unique merits of internal permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) make it a good candidate for automotive industrial applications. This paper presents the design of an internal permanent magnet synchronous machine having fractional slot configuration with single layer concentrated winding arrangement. The electromagnetic analysis has been performed using finite element analysis via ANSYS Maxwell v.2014. Thereafter a lumped parameter thermal network model has been developed for thermal analysis of designed model. The validation of the IPMSM model has been carried out through a few case studies by comparing the respective results.