Harvesting Energy from Planetary Gear Using Piezoelectric Material (original) (raw)
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A Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Rotary Motion Applications: Design and Experiments
IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2000
This paper investigates the analysis and design of a vibration-based energy harvester for rotary motion applications. The energy harvester consists of a cantilever beam with a tip mass and a piezoelectric ceramic attached along the beam that is mounted on a rotating shaft. Using this system, mechanical vibration energy is induced in the flexible beam due to the gravitational force applied to the tip mass while the hub is rotating. The piezoelectric transducer is used to convert the induced mechanical vibration energy into electricity. The equations of motion of the flexible structure are utilized along with the physical characteristics of the piezoelectric transducer to derive expressions for the electrical power. Furthermore, expressions for the optimum load resistance and maximum output power are obtained and validated experimentally using PVDF and PZT transducers. The results indicate that a maximum power of 6.4 mW at a shaft speed of 138 rad/s can be extracted by using a PZT transducer with dimensions 50.8 mm × 38.1 mm × 0.13 mm. This amount of power is sufficient to provide power for typical wireless sensors such as accelerometers and strain gauges. His current research interests include computeraided design, manufacturing and inspection (CAD/CAM/CAI), computational geometry, geometric and dynamic modeling, and design and optimization of mechatronic systems.
Energies, 2021
Rotational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting (RPZTEH) is widely used due to mechanical rotational input power availability in industrial and natural environments. This paper reviews the recent studies and research in RPZTEH based on its excitation elements and design and their influence on performance. It presents different groups for comparison according to their mechanical inputs and applications, such as fluid (air or water) movement, human motion, rotational vehicle tires, and other rotational operational principal including gears. The work emphasises the discussion of different types of excitations elements, such as mass weight, magnetic force, gravity force, centrifugal force, gears teeth, and impact force, to show their effect on enhancing output power. It revealed that a small compact design with the use of magnetic, gravity, and centrifugal forces as excitation elements and a fixed piezoelectric to avoid a slip ring had a good influence on output power optimisation. One of th...
Energies
Real-time condition monitoring of various types of machinery using sensor technology has gained significant importance in recent years. However, relying on batteries to power these sensors proves to be sub-optimal, as it necessitates regular charging or replacement. To address this, harvesting waste energy from ambient sources emerges as a more efficient alternative. Everyday applications like vehicle wheels, fans, and turbines present ambient sources of waste rotational energy. In this study, we propose a novel rotational energy harvester design that converts rotational energy into linear energy. This linear energy impacts a piezoelectric disk, generating an electric potential. Through simulations, the expected electric potential at varying frequencies was evaluated. Subsequently, experimental tests were conducted by connecting the harvester to a rectifier for AC-to-DC signal conversion and an oscilloscope for voltage measurement. A DC motor replicated the rotational motion at the ...
Performance Analysis of Commercially Available Piezoelectric Based Energy Harvester
2014
Abstract- In this paper we focused on the performance and analysis of commercially available piezo generator, which converts mechanical vibration to electrical power. The relationship between the dynamic response of piezo generator and its power output is realized. The efficient energy transfer of mechanical structure and high electromechanical transformation of piezoelectric material make the piezoelectric generator a extraordinary performance. The piezoelectric generator produces maximum output voltage of 4.3 V which is 0.012 µW per centimeter square. Index Terms: MEMS, Energy harvester, Piezo generator. I.
Design and experiment of piezoelectric multimodal energy harvester for low frequency vibration
Most piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters are conventional single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems, and typically perform well at the single resonant mode-which makes the harvesters less efficient for low ambient vibration frequencies. In this work, we have proposed and experimentally validated a piezoelectric multimodal energy harvester having several mechanical degrees of freedom (DOFs). This multi-modal vibration energy harvester has a unique design that helps to obtain multiple resonant mode operation of the harvester at the lower frequency range. The finite element method (FEM) simulation model has been used to predict the mode shapes of the proposed energy harvester at different vibration modes. The experimental results imply that the proposed energy harvester can obtain four peak values in the range of 10–20 Hz, which are concentrated around 10, 14, 16, and 20 Hz respectively. In addition, the piezoceramic material lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has been used as a piezoelectric element that has excellent piezoelectric properties. A prototype multimodal energy harvester with four piezoelectric elements is fabricated, where a single piezoelectric element generated a peak power with a maximum of 249 µW delivered to an optimum load of 55 KΩ at 16 Hz resonant mode under 0.4 g base acceleration. In order to increase the output power and bandwidth, it is always a good idea to use multiple piezoelectric elements in one harvester structure; consequently, four piezoelectric elements of the fabricated prototype are connected in parallel. The device with parallel connected piezoelectric modules generates a peak output power of 740 µW across an equivalent optimum load resistance at 3rd resonant mode (16 Hz), while the device's base is excited at 0.4 g acceleration.
Design and Testing of a Compact Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
Piezoelectric materials generate electricity when they are subjected to dynamic strain. Much energy harvesting research has been performed with PZT type ceramics based piezoelectric transducers because of their relatively large electrical response to mechanical vibrations. However, notwithstanding their relatively low piezoelectric coefficients, piezoelectric polymers such as poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hold promise as energy harvesting materials due to their flexibility and mechanical strength. These properties make them ideal candidates for use in the more diverse applications. To generate significant power, these polymers must be used in the most efficient manner possible in the structures. With these factors in consideration, a novel cantilever system was designed and examined for its performance. The highest power output accomplished was 0.109 W for a particular structure with a broad frequency response operating in the 31 mode.
2019
Piezoelectric cantilevers are mostly used for vibration energy harvesting. Changing the shape of the cantilevers could affect the generated output power and voltage. In this work, vibration energy harvesting via piezoelectric resonant unimorph cantilevers is considered. Moreover, a new design to obtain more wideband piezoelectric energy harvester is suggested. This study also provides a comprehensive analysis of the output voltage relationships and deducing an essential precise rule of thumb to calculate resonance frequency in cantilever-type unimorph piezoelectric energy harvesters using the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The analytical formula is then analyzed and verified by experiment on a fabricated prototype. The analytical data was found in an agreement with the experimental results. An important finding is that among all the unimorph tapered cantilever beams with uniform thickness, the triangular cantilever, can lead to highest resonance frequency and by increasing the ratio of the trapezoidal bases, the resonance frequency decreases. It is concluded that the shape can have a significant effect on the output voltage and therefore maximum output power density. Some triangular cantilever energy harvesters can arrange in pizza form using cantilever arrays. This arrangement decreases the occupied space and can lead to increasing the power density and also operating bandwidth.
Investigation of Multifrequency Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
Shock and Vibration
This paper presents results of numerical and experimental investigations related to the piezoelectric energy harvester that operates at multifrequency mode. Employment of such operation principle provides an opportunity for obtaining frequency response characteristics of the harvester with several resonant frequencies and in this way increasing efficiency of the harvester at a wide spectrum of excitation frequencies. The proposed design of the energy harvester consists of five cantilevers which forms square type system. Cross sections of the cantilevers are modified by periodical cylindrical gaps in order to increase strain value and to obtain more uniform strain distribution along the cantilevers. Cantilevers are rigidly connected to each other and compose an indissoluble system. Square type harvester has seismic masses at every corner. These masses are placed under specific angle in order to reduce natural frequencies of the system and to create additional rotation moments in the ...
Design of an Energy Harvesting System Using Piezoelectric Materials
Mechanical Engineering Scientific Journal, 2023
Energy harvesting by using piezoelectric materials is one of the most widely used techniques for conversion of waste energy into useful. Using this technique, generated vibration energy from machines can be converted into useful electrical energy. In this paper, an energy harvesting system that supplies power for low-power consumption devices has been designed. The experimental model consists of a rotating machine that generates mechanical vibrations that actuate a cantilever beam and a piezoelectric transducer as a sensor for energy harvesting. The aim is to generate greater power as an output, which could be achieved by obtaining maximal strain for the given frequency range of the vibration source. The frequency range of the vibration machine is variable and multiple frequencies have been used. Using the Euler-Bernoulli method, the beam dimensions have been calculated so that its natural frequency matches the operating machine frequency. By reaching the resonant point of the cantilever beam, the maximal power from the designed energy harvesting system can be generated.
Investigation on the factors influencing the performance of piezoelectric energy harvester
Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2017
In this study, we devised a promising method to harvest the clean power from vehicle vibrations. We tested the electrical response of stacked piezoelectric units at different temperatures and loadings by using indoor laboratory tests. It is also discovered that ambient temperature has a great influence on the piezoelectric power generation. The generated electric energy of piezoelectric unit increased with increase in the loading and their relationship follow the cubic polynomial. It is demonstrated that there is a linear correlation between the open-circuit voltage and the amount of charge generated of the piezoelectric unit. The output energy increases with an increase in the frequency and the load.