Assessment of Bacteriological and Physico-Chemical Parameters of Drinking Water to Check the Efficacy of Water Purifier Systems (original) (raw)
Related papers
Assessment of Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water in Belagavi City, India
MicroMedicine Journal , 2019
With the growing population and industrialization, the potability of drinking water has been decreased due to pollution and improper sanitization. In this context the present study was aimed to check the potability of drinking water by Multiple Tube method and Membrane Filter technique and to identify bacteria from Membrane Filter technique. 100 samples from 10 different wards of Belagavi City were collected. Bacteriological analysis was done for the presence of fecal coliforms, fecal Streptococci, Salmonella and Shigella by presumptive coliform test and multiple tube method (MPN) and membrane filter (MF) techniques were used for estimation of coliform bacteria. Twelve out of 100 samples were found to be unsatisfactory for drinking purpose. A total of five different strains were isolated from 100 samples. Genera isolated were Corynebacterium species, Micrococci, Gram positive Bacilli, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter freundii. 88% of the sources were hygienic for drinking purposes and for the rest of the sources, proper measure should be taken to maintain sanitary of the drinking water by regular check on the equipment, maintaining structural faults and proper disinfection of equipments.
Journal of infection in developing countries, 2015
Safe water is a precondition for health and development and is a basic human right, yet it is still denied to hundreds of millions of people throughout the developing world. Water-related diseases caused by insufficient safe water supplies, coupled with poor sanitation and hygiene, cause 3.4 million deaths a year, mostly in children. The present study was conducted on 1,317 drinking water samples from various water sources in Amritsar district in northern India. All the samples were analyzed to assess bacteriological quality of water for presumptive coliform count by the multiple tube test. A total of 42.9% (565/1,317) samples from various sources were found to be unfit for human consumption. Of the total 565 unsatisfactory samples, 253 were from submersible pumps, 197 were from taps of piped supply (domestic/public), 79 were from hand pumps, and 36 were from various other sources A significantly high level of contamination was observed in samples collected from submersible pumps (4...
Water is essential to sustain the life. Water samples have collected from a different urban area of H. D. Kote town of Mysore district from different sources such as hand pump, public taps, and stored household drinking water. Physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the water samples were analysed following the standard methods to evaluate the quality of drinking water. All physic-chemical parameters are within the permissible limit to WHO. The microbiological analysis shows that that t nearly 53 % of the samples were observed with coliform contamination. The significant difference among water sources regarding total plate count was observed, where stored household water has relatively higher compared to tap and borewell water exceeding the standard limit. Both hand pump and the tap water were not detected with any E. coli contamination whereas 80% of the household stored water samples have shown E. coli contamination. The presence of significant counts of coliforms in stored household water indicates post poor sanitation and existence of human activities. Attention should be given to the collection, storage, and management by additional treatment to maintain and prevent excessive microbial growth
2012
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the bacteriological quality of water in Haldwani block, Nainital District, India. Stratified random sampling was used to categorize water sources and consumer points. In total, 108 samples were collected: 15 from the Gola river, 51 from water taps, 24 from water treatment plants and 18 from tube wells. Samples were tested for coliforms by the most probable number technique. Identification of species was done by standard procedures. Of 108 water samples, 58.8% were found to be polluted. All samples of water (n ¼ 15) from different sites of the Gola river were found to be highly contaminated. Out of 24 water treatment plant samples, four samples were found unsatisfactory, while more than half (51.6%) of its supplies to water taps were polluted. From tube wells and their water taps, 88.8 and 60% samples were found safe for drinking respectively. Bacterial contamination of water treatment plants and their supplies indicates significant disparities in the efficiency of water treatment processes. Contamination of water taps of tube wells suggests leakage of pipes. There is an urgent need to improve these services to ensure the supply of safe water for consumers.
Water quality is a vital concern for mankind as it is directly linked with human welfare. With this knowledge, the present study was performed to assess the potability of drinking water in Mysore city. Water samples from different drinking water sources were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters. Most of the water samples showed fecal contamination, total coliform count (MPN/100 ml) ranged between 2 and 1600 organisms/100 ml respectively. Raw water of the river showed fecal contamination of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, processed water with Salmonella typhi and sewage mixed water with Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacter freundii. The results obtained were statistically analyzed.
Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Effectiveness of PUR Water Purifier on Different Water Sources, 2024
The study determined the correct amounts of PUR to use for different water sources in Bugesera district using a randomized control trial experiment. It was conducted on 21 water sources selected purposively from Akagera river marshy in Juru sector. A total of 126 samples were collected of which 21 samples were used to treat water with one sachet (4-grams), 21 used to treat water using two sachets (8-grams), 42 used to determine physico-chemical contents of water and 42 samples used as controls. Samples were tested for physico-chemical and bacteriological parameter. To determine the correct dose of PUR to be used, the study tested the effectiveness using the dose recommended by the manufacturer and secondly, the dose of 2 sachets per 15 liters of raw water. The study found a significant reduction of residual chlorine and a significant reduction of E. coli in treated water sources (p<0.017 for the dose 1 t and p<0.030 for a dose 2). The study found that, a dose of 1 sachet (4-grams) is effective in eliminating E. coli and ammonia for all water sources. The dose of 2 sachets is effective for fecal coliforms and pH of all water sources but have find ineffective to reduce residual chlorine.
2020
Background: In the current scenario, the urbanization is happening at a faster pace and the economy is not able to match at par with urbanization, this In turn is causing problems of unavailability of safe and potable water along with proper sewage system, despecially in urban slums. As a result of the scenario many urban slums are still using poor quality pit latrines and even drawing water from nearby wells, water taps which are not complying with government norms. Space is also a big problem which is being faced by these slums, due to which there is a lack of enough spaces in the houses and nearby areas, therby causing overcrowding. Due to overcrowding, the space between houses, pit latrines, wells, taps and water bodies has decreased and thus the potential of contamination of water bodies by fecal microorganisms has increased drastically. Given the above knowledge, a study is much needed to estimate the presumptive and differential coliform count of water samples from the urban slum area in Lucknow. Subjects & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the period of January to June 2019. Samples were collected from all the taps, hand pumps that were currently in use, along with potable water stored in households of Sarvodaya Nagar (an urban slum area), Lucknow and were processed in the Microbiology department of IIMS&R, Lucknow. Results: A total of 53(63%) samples were taken from Public supply, out of which 36(67. 9%) were found unsatisfactory and 17(32.0%) were intermediate, were found to be contaminated with Pseudomonas sp., E.coli, Thermotolerent E.coli, Klebsiella Spp. Citrobacter, Enterococcus and Pseudornonas Spp., E.coli, Thermotolerent E.coli, Klebsiella respectively. In the study more than half of the samples were taken from the Public water supply. Out of these about seventy percent were unsatisfactory and were found to be contaminated with Pseudomonas. Conclusion: The proper sanitation, regular treatment, supervision of water sources, arid regular bacteriological assessment of all water sources for drinking should be planned and conducted.
This study is a comparative analysis of physicochemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water intake in urban area of Patna District, Bihar state. A total of 68 drinking water samples randomly collected from 41 hand pumps, 14 municipal supply tap, 11 boring water and 2 well from 15 different locations of urban area of Patna District. Samples were collected aseptically in 60ml sterile plastic container for bacteriological and in 1 liter sterile plastic bottle for physicochemical parameter like pH, Total Hardness, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand, etc and compared with BIS (IS-10500). MPN test was applied to detect the presence of coliform in the drinking water samples. The total coliform count was detected in 57 out of 68 water samples. Most of the water samples were shown compromising physicochemical parameters. Total hardness (TH) is above the permissible limits detected in 60 out of 68 samples. Dissolved oxygen (D.O.) was also recorded below the standard for most of the samples .This results indicate that drinking water is highly in jeopardy to bacterial contamination. Construction of septic tanks near with boring and drinking water supply line short distance between water supply network and swage supply line poor constructed well head, cross contamination with waste water, Leakage in pipe line are the main cause of water contamination.
Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 2012
"Evaluation of Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of Drinking Water Supplied from Distribution Systems of Kathmandu Municipality Prabin Shakya1, Tista Prasai Joshi2, Dev Raj Joshi1 and Dwij Raj Bhatta1 1Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuwan University, Kirtipur 2Research Laboratory, Environment Department, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltaar, Lalitpur Corresponding author: Prabin Shakya, email address: prashal1@gmail.com, contact: 9841805371 ABSTRACT Microbial pathogens in drinking water are primary cause in gastrointestinal and waterborne diarrheal diseases. Public health authorities still have not achieved success in controlling the most common waterborne diseases in Nepal. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of drinking water supplied from distribution system of Kathmandu. A total of 114 water samples were collected distributed from 4 distribution points. The physicochemical and microbiological analysis of water was conducted. Hetrotrophic plate count, detection of enteric pathogenic bacteria and Antibiotics susceptibility test were done. Distinct variations in physicochemical parameters were observed. The mean free residual chlorine was found 0.24mg/L. Total coliform were found in 61.4% (70/114) of water samples among which 15.7% (11/70) were found thermotolerant coliform. In distance, coliforms were found higher in far points (p=0.002). All thermotolerant coliform were found Escherichia coli. Mean HPC of water was found log103.15. The mean HPC of water (p=0.003) was found higher in far point. In collected samples, 10 different enteric bacteria were isolated in which E. coli was found most predominant followed by Pseudomonas spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp. Non-Typhii Salmonella spp., Providencia spp., Edwardsiella spp. In antibiotics susceptibility test, Gentamycin and Ofloxacin was found most efficient (100%) and least was found ampicillin (11.5%). Multiple antibiotics resistance was found in 5.3% of isolates. Key words: heterotrophic plate count, coliform, multiple antibiotics resistance "
Biomedica, 2010
Introduction: Water borne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms. In Pakistan, the availability of safe water is only 40% to 60%. Therefore it becomes imperative to determine the bacteriological status of drinking water. A few laboratories perform such an evaluation and, that too, by the old method technique i.e Most Probable Number (MPN). We evaluated 100 samples of drinking water from some areas of Lahore by the Membrane Filtration Technique (MFT) using CHRO-Magar. Using this technique in one step a much large volume of water can be evaluated quantitatively in a short time and with ease. Use of CHROMagar straightaway confirms the presence of Escherichia coli which is accepted universally as the indicator of fecal contamination. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional study. A volume of 100 ml water was filtered under the vacuum pressure through Millipore membrane filters. After filtration, membrane filters were placed on CHROMagar and incubated at 35C for 24 hr. Escherichia coli appeared as blue coloured colonies while coliforms yielded colonies of pink colour. Escherichia coli were further identified by API 20E and confirmed by Eijkman test. Results: Escherichia coli was grown from 42% samples (all Eijkman positive). Coliform organisms were grown from 54% specimens. Conclusion: It was alarming that 59% of drinking water was unsatisfactory for human consumption.