Analysis of the Ways in which Community Participation Influence Sustainability of Government Funded Water Projects in Semi Arid Areas: A Case Study of Nzambani Area in Kitui County in Kenya (original) (raw)
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2019
Sustainability of water project is crucial for direct and indirect beneficiaries when a project succeeds. Adequate involvement of all community in projects is still a challenge to most of the less developed countries such as Kenya. A lack of sufficient community engagement in project formulation, financing, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation has seen many projects dying before their fifth birthdays. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of community participation on sustainability of water projects in Kwanza sub-county, Trans-Nzoia County. A descriptive survey research design was used. The target population of the study was 32,181 households in Kwanza Sub-county, Trans-Nzoia County. The researcher used Sekaran (2003) sample size determination formula to give a sample of 380 Households. The researcher used simple random sampling to select the households. The study used questionnaire to collect data. The researcher pre-tested the questionnaire on 38 househ...
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science
Water sector has been undergoing various reforms in the past decade aimed at promoting projects sustainability. There is a general acceptance that community project participation influence project performance, however the influence of participation in decision making on sustainability of community water projects is not clear. This study sought to establish the influence of community participation in decision making on sustainability of community water projects in Kenya, a case of Nyeri County. The study adopted a mixed method research anchored on a concurrent triangulation. The study was conducted in three sub counties of Nyeri County, Tetu, Mathira and Nyeri central which had a total of 10 water projects with 1052 beneficiaries. Respondents for this study comprised three strata. In the first strata were water project beneficiaries picked using Yamane formula (1967) and resulted into a sample size of 290 and later proportionately stratified across the ten water projects. Individual respondents of beneficiaries were identified using a systematic sampling procedure and subjected to self administered questionnaire. Out of 290 contacted respondents 207 positively responded to the survey questionnaire representing 71.38 percent successful return rate. The second strata comprised of 8 respondents who were included in focus group discussions of which 3 were committee members purposely selected and 5 randomly selected ordinary project beneficiaries. The third strata comprised of 10 water officers one each from the 10 water who were subjected to a semi structured interview. Instrument validity was ensured with input from two supervisors from the University of Nairobi while reliability was determined using a split-half testing technique. Quantitative data was analyzed using linear regression model in SPSS software. The study established a significant independent influence at (p < 0.000) of community participation; in decision making on sustainability of community water projects at 5% level of significance. The increasing strength of participation from weak, moderate to strong was positively correlated to the level of project sustainability. To guarantee project sustainability the study recommends that community projects ensure project beneficiaries are involved in all the stages of the project implementation and management.
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 2019
The research on which this paper is based was conducted in Geita District, Tanzania, to assess the nature of community participation in irrigation projects in three villages (Nzera, Lwenge and Nyamalulu) to find out whether community participation used in the projects was likely to lead to their long term sustainability. A cross-sectional research design was adopted in which a combination of purposive and simple random sampling techniques was employed to select a sample of 120 respondents. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through questionnaire survey, key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to compute descriptive statistics and do inferential analysis while qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The results showed that community participation in the projects was inadequate to lead to their long term sustainability due to low (< 50% except in terms of contribution of resources) participation in all implementation stages. The understanding of community participation among the beneficiaries was limited (<50%) in all aspects. Women participation was limited (37.5%). Hence community participation was used more as a means than an end. Therefore, it is argued that community participation needs to be enhanced in order to improve sustainability of irrigation projects. Hence, it is recommended that that there should be concerted efforts to sensitise and mobilise the community members to participate effectively in all aspects of the projects from problem identification to implementation.
Global sustainability of water projects has been of great concern as fewer projects are being sustained. Among the strategies to address the challenge is water delivery system based on participatory approach and recognition of water as an economic good. Policy makers and development actors adopted a water supply policy based on community-managed model of service delivery which vests resource mobilization functions on project beneficiaries. This study sought to establish the influence of community participation on sustainability of community water projects in Nyeri, Kenya. The study adopted a mixed method research approach to carry out cross sectional, correlation and descriptive survey. The choice of mixed approach allowed for both descriptive and inferential methods in data collection, analysis and interpretation. The target population for this study was beneficiaries of water projects in three Sub Counties of Nyeri County. The Sub Counties had a total of 10 water projects with 1052 beneficiaries. The study picked respondents from three strata that included water project beneficiaries, focus group discussion groups and water project officers. Respondents in the first stratum were picked using systematic random sampling in which 290 were picked and of 290 contacted respondents 207 positively responded to a survey questionnaire representing 71.38 percent successful return rate. Three committee members who were purposely sampled and five ordinary members who were randomly selected were combined and formed the stratum of focus groups discussion (FGD). The third stratum was purposefully sampled and comprised of water officers who participated in semi structured interviews. Descriptive as well as inferential techniques were employed in the processing and data analysis. The study established a moderate correlation between participation in resource mobilization and sustainability of community water projects. The study also established a significant independent influence at (p < 0.000) of participation in resource mobilization on sustainability of community water projects at 5% level of significance.
Sustainability of piped water supply is a major concern in rural areas. This is due to weak community participation, costly and poor maintenance of existing projects. This study sought to examine the influence of community participation in monitoring and evaluation on sustainability of rural piped water supply projects in Siaya County in Kenya. The study was guided by pragmatism and utilized descriptive survey and inferential research designs. Quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis were used. The study population was 282 which entailed 270 active water users registered with the County Water Service Provider, and 12 water management committee members. A sample size of 173 was drawn using random and purposive sampling. The main instrument for quantitative data was a close ended, structured Likert scale questionnaire. To triangulate findings key informant interviews were used. Descriptive statistics and regression model was used in data analysis. From descriptive data, arithmetic mean and standard deviation were generated. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient(r) was computed. Findings revealed that community participation in monitoring and evaluation had significant influence on sustainability of rural piped water supply projects, predicting up to 58.5% variation of sustainability of such projects. It is important for community water users to attend monitoring and evaluation meetings. This gives them the chance to review water projects performance reports, evaluate operation and maintenance processes consequently influencing sustainability. Use of participatory monitoring and evaluation approach is beneficial to all stakeholders and contributes to ownership and holistic sustainability.
Community participation is believed to be central to ensuring project sustainability in the development realm. Project developers, implementers, development partners, government officials and communities need to be aware of the role a community plays in making projects in their environments work better from both the theoretical and practical perspectives. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of community participation on water projects sustainability in Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement Camp, Kamwenge District, Uganda. Using a mixed methods sequential explanatory method, the study revealed that the level of community participation in water projects in the studied settlement was low. In addition, water projects sustainability was also low. It was noted that community participation has a weak but positive significant influence on water projects sustainability. Initiating action was the main aspect of community participation that influenced water projects sustainability significantly. Non community participation aspects such as inadequate external funding, use of poor quality materials and corruption affected water projects sustainability. It was recommended that governments, development partners and firms contracted to develop water projects should have a clear water project development protocol that stipulates the steps, structures and processes that build and sustain effective community participation.
International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management, 2021
Purpose: The study sought to establish the effect of post-implementation community participation on sustainability of borehole water projects in Mbeere South sub county, Embu County. Methodology: The study employed cross-sectional research design. The target population comprised of 770 executive borehole management committee members, 16,800 household borehole water users in Mbeere South Sub County, five project managers from non-state agencies involved in rural water provision and management and two government water officers. The study used utilized a sample size of 657. Krejcie and Morgan table was used to select 260 executive borehole committee members while Yamane formula was employed to sample 390 household borehole water users who were selected from the five wards in Mbeere south sub county by use of proportionate random sampling method. Census sampling was applied to select two government water officers and five project officers from non-state agencies. The study used question...
This study was conducted to assess the effect of community participation on sustainability of rural water projects in Delta Central Agricultural Zone of Delta State, Nigeria. The study was concentrated in the rural settlements where water projects were executed. The community citizens were rarely often or always involved in the various stages of the projects as the community development committees’ executives represented the communities. In most communities, the water projects were funded by the respective communities and other bodies. Those counter partly funded were highly sustainable than those solely funded by governments. The various communities were mostly organized through formation of community development committees, weekly meetings and formation of social groups. There was significantly relationship between participation and sustainability of water projects (r-cal = 0.652 and r-critical = 0.632). It is recommended that the level of participation in projects should be increased; and the communities should continue with their methods of organization with more emphasis on regular conference and institution of sanctions/rewards to encourage citizens to participate in development projects.
2020
The objective of the study was to find out the influence of stakeholders in project monitoring and evaluation on sustainability of water projects in Kwanza Sub-county. The study was guided by Community Participation Theory and Sustainability Theory. A descriptive survey research design was used. The target population of the study was 32,181 households in Kwanza Sub-County, Trans-Nzoia County. The researchers used the Sekaran sample size determination formula to obtain a sample size of 380 households. The researchers used simple random sampling to select the households. The study used a questionnaire to collect data. The researchers pre-tested the questionnaire on 38 households in the neighboring Kiminini Constituency. The researchers ensured and enhanced the validity of the data collection instrument by seeking advice from two experts on matters of water and irrigation. The researchers used the split-half method to compute the reliability of the instrument. The researchers observed...