Platelets and Infections (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Role of Platelets in Host Defence Against Pathogens
Elite Journal of Haematology, 2024
Platelets are a type of inflammatory cell. As a result, they exhibit characteristics similar to those of a traditional cell-mediated immune effector cell. Platelets are known to contain and can be stimulated to release a variety of bioactive molecules. These molecules aid in the regulation of vascular tone, increased tissue adhesion, increased vascular permeability, clot dissolution, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. Platelets have traditionally been associated with all of these functions as a cell that maintains haemostasis. Platelets rapidly respond to endothelial trauma as well as chemotactic stimuli associated with microbial colonization, and as a result, they are the earliest and most abundant cells found at sites of microbial colonization of vascular endothelium. They express inducible surface receptors and have cytoplasmic granules similar in structure and function to neutrophils, monocytes, or macrophages.
Role of platelets in inflammation
Dicle Medical Journal / Dicle Tip Dergisi, 2012
İnflamasyon patolojik etkenlere karşı canlı dokular tarafından oluşturulan, patojeni uzaklaştırmaya yarayan ve iyileşme sürecini başlatan son derece önemli bir olaydır. Mikroorganizmalar, fiziksel ve kimyasal travmalar, termal yaralanma, iskemi ve immün reaksiyonlar inflamasyon nedeni olarak gösterilebilir. Plateletler, nükleusa sahip olmayan ve kemik iliğinde megakaryositlerden üretilen hücreler olup kanamanın durdurulması ve hemostazın devamında rol almasının yanısıra inflamasyonda da önemli rol almaktadır. Nötrofil ve makrofajlara benzer şekilde, inflamasyon mekanizmasına etki edecek çeşitli sitokin üretimi ve salınımı yaparlar. Bu derlemede inflamasyonda plateletlerin rolleri ve inflamasyonun plateletler üzerine etkileri tartışılacaktır.
The prowess of platelets in immunity and inflammation
Thrombosis and Haemostasis
SummaryPlatelets not only serve as essential haemostatic cells, they also have important roles in immune defence and inflammation. Despite not having a nucleus, platelets contain physiologically relevant amounts of RNA, which can be spliced and translated into functional proteins. In addition, platelets have the ability to bind to numerous other cells, such as leukocytes and vascular cells. During those interactions, platelets can modulate cellular responses, resulting in e. g. inflammatory activation or apoptosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that platelets can influence the outcomes of bacterial and viral infection, as well as the extent of tissue injury after ischaemia. Platelets also carry considerable amounts of cytokines and growth factors in their secretory granules, preformed for rapid secretion. Those properties in combination with the sheer amount of platelets circulating in the blood stream make them an important force in the immune response during health and disease....
Review: Role of Blood Platelets in Infection and Inflammation
Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research, 2002
Page 1. JOURNAL OF INTERFERON & CYTOKINE RESEARCH 22:913922 (2002) © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Role of Blood Platelets in Infection and Inflammation MATTHIAS HF KLINGER1 and WOLFGANG JELKMANN2 ABSTRACT ...
Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2014
This review collects evidence about immune and inflammatory functions of platelets from a clinician's point of view. A focus on clinically relevant immune functions aims at stimulating further research, because the complexity of platelet immunity is incompletely understood and not yet translated into patient care. Platelets promote chronic inflammatory reactions (e.g. in atherosclerosis), modulate acute inflammatory disorders such as sepsis and other infections (participating in the host defense against pathogens), and contribute to exacerbations of autoimmune conditions (like asthma or arthritis). It would hence be obsolete to restrict a description of platelet functions to thrombosis and haemostasis--platelets clearly are the most abundant cells with immune functions in the circulation.
Platelets and the innate immune system: mechanisms of bacterial-induced platelet activation
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2011
It has become clear that platelets are not simply cell fragments that plug the leak in a damaged blood vessel; they are, in fact, also key components in the innate immune system, which is supported by the presence of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on platelets. As the cells that respond first to a site of injury, they are well placed to direct the immune response to deal with any resulting exposure to pathogens. The response is triggered by bacteria binding to platelets, which usually triggers platelet activation and the secretion of antimicrobial peptides. The main platelet receptors that mediate these interactions are glycoprotein (GP)IIb-IIIa, GPIba, FccRIIa, complement receptors, and TLRs. This process may involve direct interactions between bacterial proteins and the receptors, or can be mediated by plasma proteins such as fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, complement, and IgG. Here, we review the variety of interactions between platelets and bacteria, and look at the potential for inhibiting these interactions in diseases such as infective endocarditis and sepsis.