Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Fadama Irrigation Lands in River Niger-Benue Confluence of Lokoja-Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Irrigation Quality of Groundwater in Wamba Sheet 210, North Central Nigeria
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International
An evaluation of irrigation quality of groundwater from shallow aquifers within Wamba Sheet 210 in Nasarawa State, North Central Nigeria was carried out. The area is located between Latitudes 8°30’N and 9°00’N, and Longitudes 8°30’E and 9°00’E, covering about 3,025 Km2. It is underlain by rocks belonging to the Basement Complex, the Younger Granites, and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. The results of field tests and laboratory analysis were used in assessing the suitability of groundwater found in the area for irrigation. Values obtained for Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR) and Kellys Ratio (KR) were 0.97 - 3.43, 8.18 - 81.76%, 8.03 - 80.22 and 0.04 - 3.43 respectively. These indices are largely within the safe limits for irrigation with very little likelihood that salinity hazards will develop.
Water cycle, 2022
Groundwater is an important water source for agricultural irrigation in Penyang County. Some traditional methods such as irrigation coefficient, sodium adsorption ratio, total alkalinity, total salinity and total dissolved solids were employed to assess groundwater quality in this area. In addition, an improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution model was applied for comprehensive assessment. The origin of major ions and groundwater hydrogeochemical evolution was also discussed. Groundwater in Penyang County contains relative concentrations of dominant constituents in the following order: Na ? [ Ca 2? [ Mg 2? [ K ? for cations and HCO 3-[ SO 4 2-[ Cl-[ CO 3 2for anions. Groundwater quality is largely excellent and/or good, suggesting general suitability for agricultural use. Calcite and dolomite are found saturated in groundwater and thus tend to precipitate out, while halite, fluorite and gypsum are unsaturated and will dissolve into groundwater during flow. Groundwater in the study area is weathering-dominated, and mineral weathering (carbonate and silicate minerals) and ion exchange are the most important factors controlling groundwater chemistry.
Civil and environmental research, 2017
The analysis of water quality characteristics provides valuable information useful in water resources management. This study assessed the quality of water samples from Ife North Local Government Area, Southwestern Nigeria, with a view to establishing their suitability for irrigation purpose. A total of 52 water samples were collected and analyzed during the dry season for the major cations (sodium, calcium, magnesium and potassium), anions (chloride, sulphate and bicarbonate), and physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, total dissolved salts and electrical conductivity). Based on these analyses, irrigation quality parameters such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percentage of sodium (Na%), magnesium hazard (MH), permeability index (PI), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and Kelly’s ratio (KR) were computed. The electrical conductivity of the water samples varied from 78.00 to 1041.00 µS/cm with a mean value of 443.83 µS/cm and the total dissolved solids varied from 0.10 to 1.17...
2013
Groundwater samples from 103 dug wells in Akure area, south-western Nigeria were tested for their temperature, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, pH, and major dissolved ions in order to determine their irrigation quality potentials. Based on the analyses, parameters like permeability index, sodium adsorption ratio, soluble sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, Kelley’s ratio, magnesium adsorption ratio and chloro-alkaline index were calculated. The results were presented as spatial distribution maps for interpretations and further deductions. Results showed that relative concentration of cations and anions are in the order of Ca 2+ >Mg 2+ >K + >Na + and HCO3 -- >Cl - >SO4. 92.3 % of samples gave positive Chloro-Alkaline Index ratios, signifying direct ionexchange of Na/K in water with Mg/Ca in the host rock. Evaluation and comparison of calculated values of the parameter indices indicate generally good to permissible uses of the groundwater for ...
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2023
Groundwater is an important water source for agricultural irrigation in Penyang County. Some traditional methods such as irrigation coefficient, sodium adsorption ratio, total alkalinity, total salinity and total dissolved solids were employed to assess groundwater quality in this area. In addition, an improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution model was applied for comprehensive assessment. The origin of major ions and groundwater hydrogeochemical evolution was also discussed. Groundwater in Penyang County contains relative concentrations of dominant constituents in the following order: Na ? [ Ca 2? [ Mg 2? [ K ? for cations and HCO 3-[ SO 4 2-[ Cl-[ CO 3 2for anions. Groundwater quality is largely excellent and/or good, suggesting general suitability for agricultural use. Calcite and dolomite are found saturated in groundwater and thus tend to precipitate out, while halite, fluorite and gypsum are unsaturated and will dissolve into groundwater during flow. Groundwater in the study area is weathering-dominated, and mineral weathering (carbonate and silicate minerals) and ion exchange are the most important factors controlling groundwater chemistry.
Assessment of groundwater quality and its suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes was carried out in Karasuwa in the Chad Basin formation of North Eastern Nigeria. Ground water is the major source of water for domestic and irrigation activities in the study area. The ground water sample was sampled f m 17 boreholes, 2 hand dug well and a stream during rainy season and dry season of 2016 and 2017 respectively, the water sample were analysed using the atomic absorption, flame emission, colorimetric and titrimetric methods for its physical and chemical characteristics and also its suitability for domestic and irrigation activities base on salinity hazard, sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio residual Sodium Carbonate US salinity diagram, Wilcox diagram kenys ratio and ermeability index Ca-HCO3 Ca-Mg-Cl and Na-Cl were the dominant groundwater types and electrical conductivity in the area with no hardness make the groundwater suitable for drinking and agricultural uses. Concentration of Major cation (Na+ K+ and Mg2++) Major anions(NO3,Po4) and heavy Matel (Cd and Ni) did not exceed the permissible limit for drinking and irrigation uses except Pb which is above WHO 1996 standard of 0.002mg/l in almost all sample collected from both stream and groundwater samples but almost all physio chemical parameters were within permissible limit and are therefore suitable for domestic and agricultural purposes.
This research attempts the investigation of shallow groundwater quality for suitability in agriculture (irrigation) and other uses. Samples were investigated for sodium adsorption ratio, magnesium hazard, Kelley's ratio, residual sodium bicarbonate, and alkalinity hazard and permeability index. The methodology involves sampling of hand dug wells <30m for laboratory analyses. ICP-MS was used in determining the major metals present in the water samples while titrimetric method was employed for anions determinations. Physico-chemical results revealed a midly acidic pH of mean value 6.3, TDS of 329mg/l, E.C of 427uS/cm, Ca of 25mg/l, Mg of 8.5mg/l, and Na of 42.5mg/l. Calculated indices such as MAR, RSBC, PI indicate that majority of the water are suitable for irrigation. Kelley's ratio shows that 31% of the water samples are above permissible limit of good irrigation waters while 69% fall within. Calculated SAR and EC classify 69% of the samples into medium salinity to low sodium hazard (C2S1), 25% within low salinity and low sodium hazard (C1S1) and 3% each within the high salinity and low hazard (C3S1) and medium salinity and medium hazard (C2S2) respectively. The groundwater qualities satisfy the condition for use in industry and livestock farming.
Environmental Research, Engineering and Management, 2015
The study assessed the quality of groundwater of 6 inland valley (IV) agro-ecosystems with a view to establishing their characteristics for cropping in the derived savannah of southwest Nigeria. Water samples were collected in piezometers during the rainy and dry seasons and analysed for physicochemical and heavy metal properties. Major water quality indices and comparison with stipulated standards were used to determine the usability of the waters for irrigation. The study showed that the waters were generally neutral to slightly alkaline, with the dominance structure of the major cations and anions in the order of Na + > Ca 2+ > K + > Mg 2+ and Cl -> SO4 2-> HCO3 -> CO3. The concentration of heavy metals was generally within the recommended limits for most crops grown in the study area. Major water quality indices (sodium adsorption ratio, soluble sodium percentage, total dissolved solids, permeability index, magnesium adsorption ratio, Kelly's ratio and residual sodium bicarbonate) are generally within the levels acceptable for crop irrigation. showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the water quality parameters/indices between the inland valley sites, P = 0.935. The groundwater of inland valley agro-ecosystems of the study area is generally suitable for agricultural utilisation.
Physicochemical Quality of Irrigation Water in River Katsina-Ala Catchment Areas of Northern Nigeria
Current World Environment, 2014
The assessment of water qualities for irrigation in river Katsina-Ala catchment areas of Benue State was carried out. Surface water and groundwater samples from three selected catchment areas namely, Logo, Ambighir and Katsina-Ala, were collected and analyzed for physicochemical parameters. Several soil samples were also analysed for infiltration capacity. All the physicochemical parameters monitored fell within FAO specifications for irrigation purposes. Groundwater samples were found to have higher concentrations of physicochemical parameters than surface water. On the basis of hydrochemical classification, earth alkali types were dominant (100%) in both groundwater and surface water samples while the alkali type was totally absent. Assessment of the water samples for irrigation showed that the water samples posed no problems with regard to sodicity, salinity and lime deposition. However, high risk of infiltration was envisaged as a result of very low values of conductivity (0.03ds/m-0.13ds/m). At the present, infiltration problem is minimal because of high proportion of sand (68%-89%) in the soils but this situation may not be sustained for long. A regression model (R = 0.773) was obtained which showed that the rate of infiltration strongly depended on the sand content of soil. Both water and soil samples were found to be suitable for a wide range of irrigation.
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2022
The hydrochemical properties and groundwater quality assessment of groundwater samples from Kurudu area of Abuja, north central Nigeria, was investigated with the aim to evaluating their suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, and electrical conductivity were analysed. The major cations and anions were also analysed. Hydrochemical facies of the water samples were analysed employing Piper diagram and Gibbs diagram while the suitability of the water for irrigation purposes was assessed using indices such as Kelly's ratio, Sodium percentage ratio, Magnesium hazard, Permeability Index and Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR). The physicochemical parameters of the water samples are within the acceptable limit recommended by WHO (2011). Physiochemical results showed that the dominant cation occur in the order of Ca 2+ > Na + > K + > Mg 2+ with average values of 19.9mg/l, 16.15mg/l, 7.01mg/l and 4.38mg/l respectively, while the dominant anion ranged in the order of HCO3-> Cl-> SO4 2-> NO3with average values of 56.93mg/l, 35.5 mg/l, 8.38mg/l and 3.85mg/l respectively. The dominant hydrochemical facies identified in the samples is the mixed Ca-Mg-Cl which is a result of linear mixing processes of water in the study area. Gibbs plot indicated that ions concentration in the water is primarily contributed by chemical weathering of the rock-forming minerals. Irrigation indices all suggested that the water samples are good for irrigation purposes. Results from the study indicate that, with a few exceptions, water in the study area is suitable for human consumption and irrigation purposes.