Genetic and phenotypic relationship between grain yield and components of grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) (original) (raw)
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Genetic parameters and character association study for yield traits in maize ( Zea mays L . )
2017
The study revealed highly significant differences for all the characters studied, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was high for days to 50% tasseling followed by kernel rows per year and 100 grains weight, respectively. Higher values of broad sense heritability were obtained for almost all the characters except days to 50% tasseling which is moderate. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was reported for plant height, grain yield per plant and ear height. However, correlation studies showed that grain yield per plant had significant phenotypic correlation with ear length, whereas, high positive direct effect on grain yield per plant was found to be highest for days to maturity followed by kernel rows per ear, grains per ear revealing that these are the major yield contributing traits in maize.
Relationship between grain yield, yield components and morphological traits in maize (Zea mays L.)
Twelve early to medium maturity maize hybrids were observed at two locations during 2010. to assess the phenotypic correlations among grain yield and six quantitative traits. Significant variations for grain yield and all investigated traits was found at probability level of P=0.05. Plant height showed the strongest positive correlation with grain yield (r p =0.521**) followed by number of leaves per plant (r p = 0.394**), while positive phenotypic correlations was recorded between grain yield and all of the investigated traits.
Genetic variability and correlation studies for morphological and yield traits in maize (Zea mays L
This experiment was conducted at the University of Agriculture Peshawar, during spring 2015 to estimate genetic variability in maize genotypes for morphological and yield related traits. The study was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications using 22 genotypes comprising 20 hybrids and two local checks. Data were taken on days to tasseling, anthesis, silking, anthesis-silking interval, plant height, ear height, flag leaf area, cob length, kernel rows cob-1 , 100-kernel weight and grain yield. Significant (P≤0.01) variability among the hybrids was found for all the traits. Mean values for the traits ranged between 49-65(tasseling), 52-70 (anthesis), 52-72 (silking), 0-4 (anthesis silking interval), 161.7-213.5(plant height), 53.8-98.6(ear height), 422.4-662.5(flag leaf area), 17.2-24.5(cob length), 13.0-17.0(kernel rows cob-1), 25.3-38.3(100-kernel weight) and 2770-7500(grain yield). Hybrid-1 performed better for yield and yield associated traits under the tested agro-climatic conditions. Grain yield had significant and positive correlation with ear length (r=0.45) and non-significant but positive correlation with plant height (r=0.23), ear height (r=0.41), flag leaf area (r=0.03) kernel rows per cob (r=0.05) and 100 kernel weight (r=0.21). The positive correlations suggested that the desired characters in these hybrids could be improved simultaneously in further maize breeding programs. Based on the result of current studies hybrid-1 could be recommended for commercial cultivation of maize hybrids for the agro-climatic condition of Peshawar.
Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2013
The present study was undertaken to study the gene action, narrow sense heritability, interrelationships among traits and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its components, silking date, plant and ear height, leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf weight (SLW) and specific leaf area (SLA). Fifteen hybrids produced using a half diallel fashion in 2008 season were evaluated for grain yield and its components and morpho-physiological traits during 2009 season. The obtained results indicate that all estimates of V A and V D were significant for all traits except V A for specific leaf weight and ear length. In addition, V D for grain yield per plot, leaf area index, specific leaf weight, plant height, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear and number of kernel per row. However, the magnitude of V A was consistently larger than that of V D for all traits. High narrow sense heritability estimates were detected for leaf area index (93%), leaf angel (90%), plant height (90%), ear height (89%), ear length (89%), number of rows per ear (89%) and number of kernel per row (83%). However, moderate narrow sense heritability estimates were obtained for grain yield per plot (77%), one hundred kernel weight (77%), silking date (74%), ear diameter (74%), specific leaf area (64%) and specific leaf weight (55%). While it was very low for stay green (5%). These results indicate the importance of choosing the suitable segregating generations for exhibiting the best expression of gene of different studied traits. Correlation coefficients among traits indicated that grain yield was positively and significantly associated with ear diameter (0.788 **), one hundred kernel weight (0.747 **), ear length (0.600 **), specific leaf weight (0.518 **), leaf area index (0.466 **), number of rows per ear (0.458 **), plant height (0.408 **), number of kernels per row (0.361 *) and silking date (0.351 *). The path coefficient analysis was calculated to detect the relative importance of characters contributing to grain yield per plot. Data show that each of ear diameter, one hundred kernel weight and ear length had high positive direct effects on grain yield per plot.
International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 2021
In an attempt to study the association of different yield and yield contributing traits are required to know their direct and indirect effects on grain yield. Therefore, the study emphasized to assess the extent of association between traits among themselves and yield to conduct effective selection for grain yield in breeding process. Thirty maize hybrids were planted using Alpha-Lattice Design with three replications during 2018 main cropping season at Haramaya University Research Farm (Raare). The result revealed significant differences between the test entries were observed for all the yield and yield contributing traits. Grain yield had significant positive correlations with above ground biomass, number of ear per plant and thousand kernel weight at genotypic and phenotypic levels. However, days to 50% tasseling and days to 50% silking exhibit negative correlation with grain yield. On the other hand plant height exhibited significant positive correlations with ear height, days to maturity, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernel per row and number of kernel row per ear at phenotypic and genotypic level. There were also significant positive correlations of number of kernel per row with plant height, ear height and number of days to maturity; and number of kernel row per ear with ear length and ear diameter at phenotypic and genotypic level. The path analysis revealed that 1000-kernel weight, number of kernel rows per ear, above ground biomass, and ear length had positive direct effect on grain yield at genotypic and phenotypic level. Therefore, the information generated from this study could be useful for researchers who intend to develop high yielding maize varieties and desirable to recommend the selection criteria for further improvement in maize yield.
Scientific Research and Essays, 2011
A study to estimate genotypic and phenotypic correlations among physiological and grain yield related traits in four maize crosses, derived from mating of four inbred lines of subtropical climate, was conducted during 2006 and 2007 at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshera, Pakistan. Physiological plant traits included days to 50% silk emergence, leaf area, plant height and days to maturity while ear length, number of kernel rows ear -1 , 100 grain weight and percent shelling were included as grain yield related traits. The association of these physiological traits with grain and stover yields was also investigated in this study. Days to silk and maturity were significantly and negatively associated with ear length both genotypicaly and phenotypicaly in two crosses. However, in the other two crosses, this association was non significant with negative magnitudes regarding ear length, grain yield with other related traits and stover yield. Leaf area and plant height exhibited positive and significant relationship with grai and stover yields and all other yield associated traits. Based on the results of the current study, it was concluded that association between physiological traits and grain yield related traits was mostly positive for leaf area and plant height. However, days to 50% silking and days to maturity exhibited negative association with most of the grain yield related traits. It can be inferred that positive relationship indicated favorable genes controlling these traits which were present in the parents and might be utilized for the improvement of these lines in future breeding programs.
2018
Maize is one of the most important grown plants in the world. Superior position of maize is due to his very wide and variety utilisation and because of that, the main goal of all maize breeding programs is to obtain new inbred lines and hybrids that will outperform the existing hybrids with respect to a number of traits. The present study was carried out to access correlation coefficient and path analysis among 50 developed maize hybrids for ten characters. Highly significant mean sum of squares due to genotypes and wide range of variability were noticed among the genotypes for all the characters except number of kernels per row. Grain yield per plant was significant and positively association with cob height, cob girth and number of kernels per row. Path analysis was used to partition the genetic correlations between grain yield and related characters. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to 50 percent flowering exhibited the largest direct effect on grain yield per plant a...
Variability and traits association in maize (Zea mays L.) for yield and yield associated characters
Journal of Bangladesh Agricultural University, 2017
Maize (Zea mays L.) is world's third most important cereal crop that has a remarkable productive potential in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, maize is the second most important cereal crop in terms of production. The selection for high yield with desirable traits depends on the genetic variability in the existing germplasm. Successful breeding programs need adequate genetic variation for selection and improvement based on necessity. The research was conducted in the experimental farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2015 to April 2016. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of 20 maize genotypes based on their yield and yield contributing characters to determine existing genetic variability. The extrapolated ANOVA for different yield contributing parameters showed a high degree of variation among the genotypes used. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that yield plant −1 (g) had positive and significant association with ear girth (cm), 1000-kernel weight (g), yield plot −1 (g), grain yield (tha −1) with dry weight. The genotypes differed significantly for most of the phenotypic traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) in all traits studied indicating that those traits were interacted with the environment. The traits under study expressed wide heritability estimates (26.81% to 99.95%). Among the characters, highest heritability was recorded for 1000-kernel weight (g). High heritability along with high genetic advance was noticed for 1000-kernel weight (g), yield plot −1 (g) and grain yield (tha −1). Considering different desirable traits P-12, Popcorn, V90-1, 988 were observed as superior genotypes. The data would be useful for proper identification and selection of appropriate parents in breeding programs to develop new maize varieties.