Taxonomy and phylogeny of Koinocystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia), with the description of three new genera and twelve new species (original) (raw)
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Zootaxa, 2019
An overview is given of all representatives of the genus Typhlopolycystis Karling, 1956: the five known species (T. coeca Karling, 1956; T. mediterranea Brunet, 1965; T. coomansi Schockaert and Karling, 1975; T. schockaerti Karling, 1978 and T. rubra Noldt and Reise, 1985) and eleven new species: T. microphthalma n. sp. from S. France, T. fonsecai n. sp. and T. maikoni n. sp. from Brazil, T. norenburgi n. sp. and T. leasiae n.sp from the Pacific coast of Panama, T. pluvialiae n. sp. from Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain), T. riegeri n. sp. from Tanzania, T. tahitienis n. sp. from French Polynesia, T. australiensis n. sp. from South Australia, T. sarda n. sp. from Sardinia (Italy), the S. of France and from Lanzarote, and T. errata n. sp. from Sardinia (Italy). We consider T. limicola Schilke, 1970 as a species inquirenda of which no type material exists. Finally, some comments are given on the distribution of the genus of which representatives have been found in almost all places th...
Zootaxa, 2018
The first records of Polycystididae from Cuba are provided and discussed. In total nine species have been collected, five of which are new to science, one representing a new genus. Polycydora intermedia gen. n. sp. n. shows intermediate features between Polycystis Kölliker, 1845 and Paulodora Marcus, 1948. The ovaries are kidney shaped, with the oocytes arranged in a row, and lack the hard “nozzles” of Paulodora. A female bursa as in Polycystis is present. In P. intermedia gen. n. sp. n. lacks the strong muscle bulb at the male bursa and the accessory glands type I in the male atrium, which are present in Polycystis. The male atrial organs include a prostate stylet type II connected to a free prostate vesicle type II. The four new species (Phonorhynchoides minor sp. n., Phonorhynchopsis capillaris sp. n., Phonorhynchopsis sublinguatus sp. n., Myobulla armenterosi sp. n.) are distinguished from their congeners by the specific shape and length of the male hard copulatory structures. P...
Zootaxa, 2011
Seven species of eukalyptorhynch flatworms from the Galapagos Islands are reported. Six of them belong to the taxon Koinocystididae Meixner, 1924, three of which are new to science. Two of these new species can be attributed to the genus Itaipusa Marcus, 1949 based on the construction of the prostate vesicle and the general structure of the female system. Itaipusa biglandula n. sp. is characterised by a very short, muscular, unarmed penis papilla, whereas I. renei n. sp. is characterised by the presence of a cirrus armed with minute scales, and two large, blunt hooks in the male atrium. The third new species cannot be placed in any existing taxon and therefore a new genus is erected: Galapagetula annikae n. gen. n. sp.. It is characterised by a straight and rather long cirrus, armed with small spines, and a clearly bipartite bursa in the female system. Additional morphological information is given for the three known species of Koinocystididae: I. divae I. variodentata (Karling, Mack-Fira & Dörjes, 1972 and Utelga heinckei (Attems, 1897) Karling, 1954. For I. divae a new locality from Curaçao is also mentioned. The seventh species is a species of Gnathorhynchidae: Prognathorhynchus eurytuba Ax & Armonies, 1987, for which new morphological information on the organisation of the genital system is given.
Four new species of the genus Paraustrorhynchus (Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia: Polycystididae)
Zootaxa, 2019
Four new species of Paraustrorhynchus (Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia: Polycystididae) are described: two from Southern China (P. shenda n. sp., P. sinensis n. sp.), one from New Caledonia (P. isoldeae n. sp.), and one from India (P. smeetsae n. sp.). All four species show a typical dark blue dorsal pigmentation pattern, which is unique to the genus. This pigment forms a broad longitudinal line in P. shenda n. sp. and P. sinensis n. sp., shows an additional transverse band at the level of the pharynx in P. smeetsae n. sp. and forms a Y-shaped pattern in P. isoldeae n. sp. The four species can also be distinguished from each other and their congeners by the detailed morphology of the hard parts of the male system, which in all cases consists of an L-shaped (P. shenda n. sp., P. isoldeae n. sp) or slightly-curved (P. smeetsae n. sp., P. sinensis n. sp.) prostate stylet type II and a prostate stylet type III, which consists of three plates: a basal plate from which two longer plates depart, each with a distal serrated rim. A phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and 28S-rDNA data indicates that Paraustrorhynchus is a monophyletic taxon within Polycystidinae, with Alcha evelinae as the sister group.
Organisms Diversity & Evolution
Twenty-two marine species of Dalytyphloplanida from Cuba, Panama, and Lanzarote are presented, sixteen of which are new to science. Five known species are recorded from Cuba: Kytorhynchus microstylus, Ceratopera paragracilis, Trigonostomum armatum, T. franki, and T. vanmecheleni. Neokytorhynchus pacificus is recorded for the first time in the Atlantic (Lanzarote). For one species, a new genus is erected to be included in a new family. A new genus and thirteen new species from Cuba and three new species from Panama are described. The new species are mainly distinguished from their congeners by the specific morphology of the copulatory structures. The new taxa are discussed in the context of a new phylogenetic analysis of Dalytyphloplanida. This analysis includes sequences of 238 species, 14 of which were sequenced for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis and the detailed morphology suggest that K. microstylus may constitute a complex of cryptic species. The internal phylogenetic...