Effect of Ozone and Ascorbic Acid on the Anatomical, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) (original) (raw)
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Response of pepper leaves epidermal cell under ozone stress to ascorbic acid treatment
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2020
The present investigation studied the effectiveness of ozone (O 3) concentrations on epidermal cells of pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) leaves and its response to ascorbic acid (AS). The plants were grown at two sites in Riyadh, King Saud University (KSU) Campus, and the second industrial city (SIC) under an average of 42.33 and 138.66 ppb of O 3. Two groups grown at KSU site as a control; one of them was treated with tap water (TW) and the other was treated with TW+AS, while the remaining two groups were transferred to SIC site, treated as described previously. Treatment with 300 mg/L AS was performed once every 15 days until the end of the experiment. The plants grown under separately high concentrations of O 3 and AS increased the stomatal numbers, dimensions and cell dimensions in both upper and lower epidermises of leaves in comparison to control plant leaves. Treatment with O 3 +AS significantly increased the length of the upper and lower epidermal cells, while it decreased the cell widths in comparison to plants grown under only O 3. The AS might have a mitigating effect on the impacts of O 3 on leaf epidermal cells of the pepper plant particularly, with respect to cell width.
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2000
reaction of O 3 with ASC apo in the leaves of Vicia faba is potentially sufficient to intercept a substantial pro-Broad bean (Vicia faba L.) plants were exposed, in portion (30-40%) of the O 3 entering the plant under duplicate controlled environment chambers, to charenvironmentally-relevant conditions. The potential role coal/PurafilB-filtered air (CFA-grown plants) or to of apoplastic ASC in mediating the tolerance of leaves 75 nmol mol−1 ozone (O 3) for 7 h d−1 (O 3-grown plants) to O 3 is discussed. for 28 d, and then exposed to 150 nmol mol−1 O 3 for 8 h. The concentration of ascorbate (ASC) was deter-Key words: Apoplast, cell wall, ozone, detoxification, mined in leaf extracellular washing fluid (apoplast) and antioxidants, ascorbate. in the residual leaf tissue (symplast) after 0, 4 and 8 h acute fumigation, and after a 16 h 'recovery' period in CFA. Changes in stomatal conductance were meas
Role of Ascorbic Acid in Alleviating Air Pollutants in Eggplant Seedlings
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Role of Ascorbic Acid in Alleviating Air Pollutants in Eggplant Seedlings Mohammed A. Al-Muwayhi1, Abdulaziz A. Al Sahli2, Abdullah R. Doaigey2,Mohammed O. Basalah2, Hayssam M. Ali2*, Mohamed E. El-Zaidy2 and Ahmed M. Sakran2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Shaqra University, P.O Box 33,Shaqra, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia. 2Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. (Received: 17 September 2013; accepted: 30 December 2013) The measuring values of growth parameters of Solanum melongena were highly affected by the different stresses of O3. The plant height was highly significant affected (P<0.0001) by ascorbic acid (AA) (32.66±8.08 cm/plant) followed by the control treatment (29.00±5.19 cm/plant) and the lowest highest was found by the plants grown in the second power plant (SPP II) (12.00±2.00 cm/plant). Moreover, the growth parameters were positively highly affected P< 0.001) by treatment of AA. The introducing of AA with the plants grown in the second industrial city (SIC II) which has an O3 with a concentration of 136.66 pbb, didn’t significantly enhanced the growth parameters. The growing plants planted in SPP II (exposed to approximately 92 ppb) and enhanced by introducing of AA (SPP II+AA), exhibited the higher amounts of Chl a (27.45± 1.03mg g-1 FW), Chl b (10.43±1.05 mg g-1 FW), T Chl (47.35±3.41 mg g-1 FW) and Caro (9.46±1.35 mg g-1 FW). On the other hand, the Pro content was affected by SIC II (8.69±0.61 g/100 g-1 Fw), SIC II+AA (8.07±0.27 g/100 g-1 Fw) and SPP II (8.92±2.08 g/100 g-1 Fw). The different parameters of anatomical features or stomatal parameters and vessels diameters of S. melongena grown in the locations with high level of O3 in comparisons with the control plants were significantly affected (P<0.0001). Key words: Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), Ascorbic acid, Ozone, Anatomical, Biochemical, Physiological, air pollution.
Scientia Horticulturae, 2019
Determining plant reactions to atmospheric pollutants is important in predicting and planning for new horticultural production management programs and challenges in the future. A high level of ozone in the troposphere is considered the most phototoxic air pollutant, and has strong oxidative potential. This study aimed to provide understanding on the role of ozone stress on early vegetative growth stage Pak-Choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis). An experiment was conducted within airtight bio-chambers under 150 ppb ozone concentration with different exposure durations: control, 1 h/day and 4 h/day. The leaf area was not affected by ozone treatment, but the dry matter correlated negatively with increasing ozone exposure durations. In photopigments, the lutein, lycopene and chlorophylls were increased at 1 h/day exposure, however, total carotenoids and β-carotene were not affected. However, for the 4 h/day exposure condition, all photopigment contents were significantly decreased in comparison to the 1 h/day exposure. The total aliphatic and total glucosinolate (GLS) were significantly increased at 1 h/day exposure, and then significantly decreased at 4 h/day exposure. However, the total indole and aromatic GLS were significantly increased after 4 h/day exposure. Therefore, these results provide evidence about the impact of ozone stress on the specific secondary plant metabolites of Pak-Choi and this needs to be taken in account when selecting urban production sites for vegetables.
Physiological and Growth Responses to Pollutant-Induced Biochemical Changes in Plants: A Review
Pollution, 2020
Industrial activities compromise the ambient air quality at a local, regional and global level through gaseous and dust emissions. This study reviews uptake mechanisms and the associated phytotoxicity of pollutants in plants, focusing on heavy metals and SO 2. It further describes detoxification mechanisms and the resultant biochemical and physiological changes in plants. Finally, the morpho-physiological and growth responses to stress-induced biochemical changes are discussed. Heavy metals and SO 2 enter the plant tissue through the stomata, cuticular layers, lenticels and root hairs. In the plant cells, SO 2 converts to SO 3 2or SO 4 2ions upon reacting with water molecules, which in excess are toxic to plants. However, the detoxification process of SO 3 2increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are toxic to plants and damages biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA. On the other hand, heavy metals, such as Cu and Fe catalyse the Fenton/Haber-Weiss reactions, breaking down H 2 O 2 into OH •. Additionally, Pb and Zn inhibit the activities of ROS-detoxifying enzymes, while other heavy metals bind to cellular layers making them rigid, thereby reducing cell division. Therefore, pollutant toxicity in plants affects biochemical parameters damaging organic molecules and limiting cambial activity. Damaged biomolecules inhibit the plant's capacity to carry out physiological functions, such as photosynthesis, stomatal functions, transpiration and respiration while impaired cambial activity reduces cell division and elongation resulting in reduced plant growth and productivity.
Physiological and Nutritional Responses to Ozone Application in Tomato Seedling Plants
Agriculture
Research on environmentally friendly techniques for the agroindustry is growing constantly. In this sense, the supply of ozone (O3) has been taken into consideration, especially for disinfection because of its high oxidizing power. However, there is not enough information about the application of dissolved O3 via fertigation in crops. For that reason, in this study, two trials were carried out simultaneously to determine the consequences of O3 application on plant growth and quality of tomato plants. The first trial aimed to assess the effects on tomato fertigated with the nutrient solution and the application of O3. The second trial was performed to establish the ideal O3 supply rate for tomato plants. In both experiments, we measured the biometric, physiological, and nutritional parameters of the tomato plant. The results obtained showed that the application of O3 treatment resulted in the highest overall dry weight gain, whereas O3 application decreased leaf proline and total sol...
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2014
Ozone (O 3 ) is one of the most harmful air pollutants to crops, contributing to high losses on crop yield. Tropospheric O 3 background concentrations have increased since pre-industrial times reaching phytotoxic concentrations in many world regions. Capsicum peppers are the second most traded spice in the world, but few studies concerning the O 3 effects in this genus are known. Thereby, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to elevated O 3 concentrations in red pepper plant Capsicum baccatum L. var. pendulum with especial considerations on the leaf redox state and fruit yield. Fifteen C. baccatum plants were exposed to O 3 in open-top chambers during fruit ripening (62 days) at a mean concentration of 171.6 mg/m 3 from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm. We found that O 3 treated plants significantly decreased the amount and the total weight of fruits, which were probably a consequence of the changes on leaf oxidative status induced by ozone exposure. Ozone exposed plants increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels on the leaves, which may be associated with the observed decrease on the activity of enzymatic antioxidant defense system, as well with lower levels of polyphenol and reduced thiol groups. Enhanced ROS production and the direct O 3 reaction lead to biomacromolecules damages as seen in the diminished chlorophyll content and in the elevated lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels. Through a correlation analysis it was possible to observe that polyphenols content was more important to protect pepper plants against oxidative damages to lipids than to proteins.
Protoplasma, 2014
Surface-level ozone (O3) has been regarded as one of the most significant phytotoxic pollutants worldwide. Investigations addressing adverse impacts of elevated O3 on mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), an important leguminous crop of the Indian subcontinent, are still limited. The present study analyzed the differences on the foliar injury, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, antioxidative defense system, physiology, and foliar protein profile of two tropical mung bean cultivars (HUM-2 and HUM-6) exposed to elevated O3 under near-natural conditions. Both cultivars were negatively affected by the pollutant, but the response was cultivar-specific. Results revealed that elevated O3 induced higher levels of ROS (O2·− and H2O2) and lipid peroxidation leading to greater foliar injury in HUM-2 compared to HUM-6. Photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and photochemical efficiency reduced under elevated O3 exposure and the extent of reduction was higher in HUM-2. Principal component analysis revealed that photosynthetic performance and quantum yield were drastically affected in HUM-2 as compared to HUM-6. Activities of antioxidative enzymes were also stimulated, suggesting generation of oxidative stress under elevated O3. HUM-6 showed higher induction of antioxidative enzymes than HUM-2. One-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis showed drastic reductions in the abundantly present ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (RuBisCO) large and small subunits and the decrease was higher in HUM-2. Altogether, results suggested that higher accumulation of ROS and limited induction of antioxidant defense system led to more leaf injury and impairment of photosynthesis in HUM-2 than HUM-6 depicting its higher sensitivity towards elevated O3
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011
The present investigation was done to evaluate the effects of ambient air pollutants on physiological and biochemical characteristics of radish (Raphnus sativa L. var. Pusa Reshmi) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L. var. Pusa hybrid-6) plants grown in open-top chambers with filtered (FCs) and non-filtered (NFCs) treatments at a suburban site in Varanasi, India. Eight hourly mean concentrations of 11.8, 20.8, and 40.8 ppb for SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 , respectively, were recorded. O 3 was the most significant pollutant affecting the plant performance. Photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance declined in both the test plants in NFCs as compared to FCs. Lipid peroxidation was higher in NFCs, but the increase was more in radish compared to brinjal. The constitutive levels of the antioxidants as well as their increments upon O 3 exposure were of higher magnitude in brinjal as compared to radish. Reduction in Fv/Fm ratio of the plants in NFCs was a regulatory mechanism to cope with the inefficiency of Calvin cycle.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 1982
Exposure of rice plants to low concentrations of 0 3 and SO, singly and in combination showed foliar injury of different levels. The maximum leaf injury was noted in case ofO 3 + SO,_. treated plants and the minimum in 0 3 treated ones. Also the reductions in chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in leaves exposed to 03 + SO, mixtures were higher than the reduction noted in case of each individual pollutant. Thus the results suggest a synergism existing between 0 3 and SO 2 regarding plant injury, especially with respect to chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of rice (Orrza sativa). 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. EXPERIMENTAL PLANT Rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv Ratna) were raised in a nursery and when 20-days old were transplanted l0 cm apart into well manured 1.5 x 1.5 m 2 plots. 2.2. FUMIGATION PROCESS When 40-days old, the plants were exposed separately to 0.08 ppm 03, 0.5 ppm SO2, and 0.04 + 0.25 ppm O3 + SO2, after enclosing them in a transparent polyethelene