A Brief Review on Vitamin B12 Deficiency Looking at Some Case Study Reports in Adults (original) (raw)
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comprehensive review on vitamin B12 deficiency in adults
International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS), 2022
In the generation of proof-primarily based totally medicine, the randomized scientific trial corresponds to the pinnacle step withinside the qualitative scale of the proof to be had withinside the literature, whilst small collection of instances or the outline of person instances occupy the closing place. However, the latter constitute a critical a part of scientific exercise and feature substantially stimulated the evolution of medicine, contributing substantially to the development of medical knowledge. Vitamin B12 deficiency stocks numerous not unusual place signs that have an effect on numerous tissues and organs with fitness aliments, so its prognosis can be unobvious for the large array of its outcomes and research strategies used. In this review, we centered our interest on a few case reviews associated with the nutrition B12 deficiency related to anemia, neurologic disorders, and hyperhomocysteinemia. B12 deficiency 243 reversal is actually performed with the aid of using spark off therapy, although it isn't the equal for numerous disorders.
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2013
BACKGROUND: Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) plays an important role in DNA synthesis and neurologic function. Deficiency can lead to a wide spectrum of hematologic and neuropsychiatric disorders that can often be reversed by early diagnosis and prompt treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross sectional descriptive study carried out in Medicine department, SMIMER, Surat during the period from June 2009 to December 2010. 30 patients whose Serum Vitamin B12 level <250 pg/ml were included. RESULT: The most common complaint was fatigue present in 29(96.7%) followed by anorexia, present in 19(63.3%) patients. Anemia was observed in 25(83.3%) patients. Out of this 25 patients with anemia 13(52%) patients had leucopenia, and 15(60%) patients had thrombocytopenia (platelet count<150000/cumm), while 10 (40%) patient had normal platelet count. 13(52%) out of 25 anemic patients had MCV of 80-100 fl, while 11(44%) had MCV more than 100 fl. 15 patients had neurological features, myeloneuropathy (4 pat...
A Retrospective Evaluation of Patients with Vitamin B12 Deficiency
2006
A retrospective evaluation of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency Objective: Vitamin B12 deficiency mainly causes megaloblastic anemia and neurological abnormalities. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory features of patients with confirmed vitamin B12 deficiency, retrospectively.
The Professional Medical Journal
Objectives: To determine the frequency of neurological manifestations of vitamin B12deficiency and to observe the reversibility of the symptoms after the therapy. Study Design: Descriptivestudy. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Medicine Department of Bolan Medical Complex HospitalQuetta. Period: One year that is from January 2012 to December 2012. Methodology: 46 patients presentedto various OPDS of B.M.C.H.. The inclusion criteria for the patients to be studied were: Anemia, Neurologicalcomplaints. Results: Out of 46 patients 26(56%) were males and 20(43%) were the females with a meanage of (40) years.32 (69%) belonged to the rural areas. 45(97%) had mixed diets whereas only one 1(2.1%)young non Muslim was found to be pure vegetarian.32 (69%) patients presented with hematological aswell as neurological complaints. 23(30%) had pancytopenia and 9(19.5%) had bicytopenia. 14(30%)presented with neurological complaints only as sacd 6 (13%), ataxia 8 (17%), sensorimotor neuropath...
Vitamin B12 deficiency: case report and review of literature
The Pan African Medical Journal, 2021
Vitamin B12 deficiency in early childhood is an important cause of neurodevelopmental delay and regression. Most of these cases occur in exclusively breast-fed infants of deficient mothers. Symptoms and signs of vitamin B12 deficiency appear between the ages of 2 to 12 months and include vomiting, lethargy, failure to thrive, hypotonia, and arrest or regression of developmental skills. Approximately one half of this cases exhibit abnormal movements, variously described as tremors, twitches, chorea, or myoclonus. Urinary concentrations of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine are characteristically elevated in vitamin B12 deficiency. Hyperglycinuria is sometimes present. The early diagnosis and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency is crucial for significant neurological impairment and long-term prognosis. Treatment with vitamin B12 corrects these metabolic abnormalities very rapidly (within a few days). Vitamin B12 supplementation of pregnant women may prevent neurological and neuroradi...
EMPIRICAL TREATMENT IN CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED CASES OF VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY
National Journal of Medical Research, 2016
Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency may present with fatigue, weakness, numbness, decreased memory, irritability, confusion and depression, although initial symptoms might often be vague. Even though the human body can store vitamin B12 to last for up to five years, its deficiency is not very uncommon. The diagnosis is frequently made on the basis of a costly tests like low serum vitamin B12 level or megaloblastic bone marrow or both. This study was aimed to measure the effect of Empirical treatment in clinically diagnosed cases of Vitamin B12 deficiency. Methodology: Current study was a prospective study, done in a private hospital. All patients attending OPD during July 2015 to December 2015 forms the study population. All patients full filling inclusion criteria and willing to give informed written consent were treated with 2ml Intramuscular injection of Vit B 12 1000mcg thrice a week for total ten injections. Follow up of patients were done on weekly basis for first month, then every two weekly for next two month and then monthly basis for next three months. After this period, symptoms were reassessed and recorded. Results: Total 90 clinically suspected patients of Vitamin B12 deficiency were willing to participate in the study. Out of total 90 patients, 39 (43.33%) patients were male and 51 (56.67%) patients were female. Out of total 90 patients, maximum number of patients i.e 31 (34.44%) were from age group of 41 to 50 years. All symptoms were significantly improved after completion of standard course of Vit B12. In out of total 90 patients having complain of generalized weakness, improvement was observed in 83 (92.22%) patients. Out of total 88 patients having complain of myalgia and 84 patients having complain of paresthesia, improvement was recorded in 76 (86.36%) and 73 (86.9%) patients respectively. Conclusion: We conclude and recommend from the study that diagnosis based on clinical assessment is reliable. Thus, in resource poor country like India diagnosis should be advocated on symptoms of Vit B12 deficiency and empirical treatment should be suggested.
The Professional Medical Journal, 2013
Objective: To determine the frequency of various neurological and psychiatric symptoms associated with B12 deficiency.Study design: Observational and descriptive study. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted on patients presenting to theneurology clinics and inpatients who were admitted through the emergency department at Aga khan University Hospital Karachi, from 1stJuly 2011 to March 2012. Subjects and methods: 150 patients of either gender and age more than 18 years. Detailed history was takenfrom all the patients with special regard to anemia. Inclusion criteria were that patients above 18 years of age of either sex with low serumB12 levels. Patients having any type of neurological tumors, major ischemic stroke, major intracranial haemorrhage, patients onneuroleptic medications and any evidence of toxin induced neuropathy were excluded. All patients underwent for specific investigationcomplete blood count, serum B12 levels (derived by Radio Assay method (RIA). Furt...
Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 2024
Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a critical medical condition that, if left untreated, can lead to severe symptoms and potentially serious and life-threatening complications. Clinical guidelines are designed to provide a standardized approach to diagnosis and treatment, aiming for consistency and effectiveness. However, it is well-established that not all patients fit into general guidelines. Objective: To investigate the clinical relevance of the submitted research to support these protocols for diagnosing and treating a B12 deficiency. Approach: Conducting a literature review of the references focused and used on diagnosing and treating vitamin B12 deficiency in adults and children. Results: No robust clinical trial nor RCT has been found to back up the current protocols. The research used is primarily based on assumptions rather than solid clinical evidence. Conclusion: Existing guidelines for vitamin B12 deficiency need to be significantly revised and improved through clinical research and clinical experience by experts in the field with input from patient groups worldwide.
Vitamin B12 deficiency from the perspective of a practicing hematologist
Blood, 2017
B12 deficiency is the leading cause of megaloblastic anemia, and although more common in the elderly, can occur at any age. Clinical disease caused by B12 deficiency usually connotes severe deficiency, resulting from a failure of the gastric or ileal phase of physiological B12 absorption, best exemplified by the autoimmune disease pernicious anemia. There are many other causes of B12 deficiency, which range from severe to mild. Mild deficiency usually results from failure to render food B12 bioavailable or from dietary inadequacy. Although rarely resulting in megaloblastic anemia, mild deficiency may be associated with neurocognitive and other consequences. B12 deficiency is best diagnosed using a combination of tests because none alone is completely reliable. The features of B12 deficiency are variable and may be atypical. Timely diagnosis is important, and treatment is gratifying. Failure to diagnose B12 deficiency can have dire consequences, usually neurological. This review is w...
Update on Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2022
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency is a common cause of megaloblastic anemia, a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms and elevated serum homocysteine levels, particularly in the elderly. There are a number of risk factors for vitamin B12 deficiency, including long-term use of metformin and proton pump inhibitors. No major medical organization, including the U. Preventive Services Task Force, has published guidance on screening for vitamin B12 deficiency in asymptomatic or low-risk adults, but high-risk patients, such as B. those with malabsorption disorders, can order a detection. The initial laboratory evaluation of a patient suspected of having vitamin B12 deficiency should include a complete blood count and serum vitamin B12 level. can be used to confirm deficiency in asymptomatic, high-risk patients with low normal vitamin B12 levels. Because crystalline formulations are better absorbed than natural vitamin B12, patients over the age of 50 and strict vegetarians should consume vitamin B12-fortified foods and vitamin B12 supplements rather than attempting to obtain vitamin B12 from dietary sources only Administering vitamin B12 to patients with elevated serum homocysteine levels has not been shown to decrease cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk patients or alter cognitive decline in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.