How the management of the trophic cascade determines innovation (original) (raw)
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* Professor, University of Siena and Central European University. An early draft of this Article was given at the Berle III Symposium held at Seattle University School of Law in January 2012. I thank the participants in that conference, and in particular Charles O'Kelley and Faith Stevelman, for their useful comments. I am also very grateful to the editors at the Seattle University Law Review for their very useful comments and their excellent editing of my Article.
In the Evolutionary Dynamics of Industries ♣
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The increasing dispersal of knowledge and technical expertise across nations is leveling the field of traditional competitive advantages. Scholarly work supports the view that a nation’s capacity to innovate and commercialize new technology products plays a central role in the growth and competitiveness of its firms. While market forces are important, national policies play a significant role in encouraging or inhibiting those forces and influence corporate strategies. Each country evolves its own innovation profile and the firms operate within a framework of a national system of innovation in which they are embedded. The conceptual framework developed in this paper depicts linkages between different elements of the national innovation system and is based on the concept of the idea-innovation chain by Hage & Hollingsworth (1997), MONIT studies in OECD (2002) and Romer model (1990) of endogenous growth. The structuring of various components of the conceptual framework would serve as ...
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The role of hierarchy in the multinational enterprise (MNE) and the corresponding role of subsidiary autonomy is a core question in global strategy. It has been the subject of an ever-growing literature since Coasian analysis was first brought to bear on the subject by Buckley and Casson (1976). Yet in the decades since this seminal work, both the world and the MNEs within it have changed almost beyond recognition. Even such fundamental concepts as hierarchy and coordination have been altered in fundamental ways (e.g., Tallman and Chacar, 2011). As these developments continue, they challenge international business researchers to develop theory and models to understand the working of multihub MNEs. The hubs in advanced market economies and those in emerging and poor economies have vastly different capabilities and strategic motivations. Ensuring that these hubs do more than merely coexist; that they truly collaborate and create a whole that is more than the sum of the parts, calls for a boundary spanning function of a higher order.
International Journal of Comparative Management, 2019
This is a conceptual research study in the field of comparative management. For more than five centuries, the occident has been an economic, military, and cultural dominating force throughout the world, but now this long trend is reversing. Non-occidental countries are gaining momentum. China and India have become new world powers, anticipated to surpass the USA in economic might. The result will be global occidental dominance being replaced by a multi-polar world. The objective of this study is to conduct a comparisonfocusing on implications to innovation management-between the world under occidental dominance and the new multi-polar world. This approach is novel in comparative management. This study points out that multi-polarity will broaden the foundation for innovation, thus, giving rise to new and different innovation. Multi-polarity will enhance both the demand for and supply of innovation. An implication of multi-polarity for practice is that in multinational corporations operating in more than one major historical cultural sphere, it will be exceedingly difficult to maintain a uniform basis for the legitimation of innovation.