Relationship between Four Tribal Communities and their Natural Resources in the Koraput Region (original) (raw)
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Symbiotic Relationship between Forest and Tribe: A Case Study of Santal Tribe of Jaypur Forest
For thousands of years, forest and indigenous populations have evolved in symbiosis. Forest plays an important role in enhancing livelihood requirements for rural community and in maintaining ecological balance. Over 53 million tribal people in India, about 60% of the rural communities directly rely on forest for their day-today requirement. The biocultural knowledge of these 'ecosystem people' has made them sustain their life through the ages. However, the ethnic minorities (STs) in rural India are characterized by geographic isolation as well as strong sense of socio-cultural exclusion. Their livelihood highly depends on utilizing timber as well as non-timber forest products (NTFPs) for various purposes, e.g. medicine, food, economic and other socio-religious purposes. However, it has gained importance in recent years in policy strategies of Government owing to its significance in life support substance to large number of forest dwelling communities. The Bankura district, situated in the western part of West Bengal, is actually the fag-end of the Chhotonagpur plateau and enriched with the wealth of forest (Recorded forest area of 21.53%, State Forest Report, 2006-07, Govt. of West Bengal) covering Jaypur, Vishnupur, Ranibandh, Taldangra block etc. The present study opts to explain an intimate man-nature relationship between forest resources and Santali livelihood of Jaypur block of the said district. It also throws light on traditional knowledge and cultural practices of this social group for conservation and preservation of forest resources.
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Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd., 2014
Tribals are of great interest and intense significance from forest perspective, as they inhabit for a very long period time over the same region. In the state of Arunachal Pradesh as a whole and Kurung Kumey district in particular, tribal communities reside in close touch with forest and thus, dependent on it. That is why, it’s a great significance to study their do’s and don’ts in order to propose better forest and environmental management interventions considering options for enhancing livelihoods of the tribal communities in Kurung Kumey district. In this study, three tribal communities of the district i.e., Nyishi, Bangru and Puroik have been purposively selected for questionnaire survey. Data has been taken into consideration from two vital viewpoint i.e., livelihood pattern and forest dependence, assuming that all tribes are dependent on forest resources for their livelihood. Through this study, it is found that Nyishi and Bangru tribes are economically better-off in terms of land ownership and income per capita respectively. Forestry practice provides little share in their total income though Nyishi tribe has the highest land per capita in forestry sector as well as in agricultural sector. On the other hand, Puroik tribe’s living standard is comparatively very low as their income and land per capita is low, and they are more dependent on forest. Bangru tribe keeps the comparative middle status in almost every sector. A variety of other social and environmental factors were also collected and thoroughly analysed which may be useful for further research in this region.
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The exploitation and destruction of forests have reached such a critical level that the consequences have attracted the attention of the wider community. The resounding response, however, has been to highlight the problems of the environment rather than the humanitarian aspect of the elimination of the tribal and indigenous people who live in and around the forest. For generations, tribal and indigenous people have depended for their livelihood on the generosity of the forest but now, with the arrival of large capital which exploits the forest, their sovereignty over and access to forest resources have been stolen from them. This phenomenon is intrinsically connected to forest management policies which emphasize efforts to obtain foreign exchange by exploiting economically valuable forest products and in particular timber. The large profits which can be reaped from the forestry sector, the increase in foreign exchange and the ability to absorb labor are the aspects put forward to le...
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Forest trees are the integral part of human society. Forest trees provide both direct and indirect benefits to humans. The number of products provided by trees worldwide is extensive. The wood, bark, leaves, fruits, seeds and roots of trees yield food, fodder, shelter, medicine, fibre, resin, oils and other numerous products used for subsistence of people living in rural and tribal areas. There is a great international interest in the so-called multipurpose trees, but in practice, virtually all tree species can be used for more than one purpose. In some areas in India, the life and livelihood of the tribes depend on trees, as they provide all the commodities required by them in their day to day life. However, in recent days, there is rapid depletion of forest covers, which results in loss of these valuable trees, thereby affecting the livelihood and culture of the tribes. In this regard, the paper is an attempt to study, based on sustainable development strategy of forest resources, the ethnobotany on multiple uses of tree species by the tribes of Kalahandi District, Orissa, India. The study was carried out during 1998-1999, with four tribal groups named Gonda, Kandha, Kutia Kandha and Shabara, in four community development blocks of the district. The multiple uses of 40 tree species belonging to 22 families were documented. Medicinal and non-medicinal usages were recorded.
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Non-timber forest products are crucial to the socioeconomic progress of many developing countries.NTFPs are thought to be critical for sustaining rural livelihoods, decreasing rural poverty, conserving biodiversity, and supporting rural economic growth.Kondagaon in Chhattisgarh state contains an immense amount of traditional knowledge associated with biodiversity.The study area is well-known for its tribal population and non-timber forest products.Personal interviews and a questionnaire survey were used to obtain data.The majority of plant resource information is considered to be community knowledge.A study reveals that women are the primary NTFP gatherers. There are multiple indigenous plant species that are used for food, ethnomedicine, handicrafts and cultural purposes. These non-timber forest products have an impact on indigenous peoples' livelihoods because they are their primary source of income. This paper briefly presents the extent of the traditional knowledge available in Kondagaon, its contribution in biodiversity conservation and impact on livelihood of tribal people. Keywords: NTFP, Traditional Knowledge, Livelihood, Kondagaon, Forest Products
Forest Conservation and The Tribal: A Study In Manatu Village Under Ranchi District of Bihar
Journal of Human Ecology, 2003
It is the fact that only the various measures and legislation on forest in order to control the deforestation caused by human beings will not yield the desired results, until people’s sincere participation is there. And, when initiatives come from the local/concerned people themselves for participation, rather than from external forces/sources, the results are no doubt best. This study deals with mainly that how the tribal of Manatu village has been maintaining an excellent and exemplary task by protecting forest from their own and not due to any external factors, and thus contributing to a greater extent to conserve the forest and environment in the area.
The living of man in all societies is largely guided by the availability or otherwise of natural bio-resources. However, the tribal people who are regarded as in the primitive stage and experiencing slow pace of development have a high degree of dependence on the natural resources for their livelihood. Bio -resources consist of all biotic components of environment, which have utility and function in satisfying the individual wants as well as social wants of man. Recently, the importance of the study on man and nature relationship has gained momentum globally and has emerged as main concern for both the developed and developing nations worldwide. As such, the tribal dominated areas by virtue of having the higher percentage of forest cover have become prime area for research in the world context for sustainable use of bio-resources.