Laparoscopic Resection of a Retroperitoneal Degenerative Schwannoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature (original) (raw)
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Retroperitoneal schwannomas: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications
Tumori
Schwannomas are a rare group of soft-tissue tumors deriving from the peripheral nerve sheath. They can occur anywhere in neural tissue where Schwann cells are present but are most common in the head and neck region and upper and lower extremities. Schwannomas rarely develop in the retroperitoneum but if they do, they can grow to a large size, sometimes displacing, and more rarely invading, surrounding structures and organs before becoming clinical apparent. A correct preoperative diagnosis is difficult to make and these tumors are often misdiagnosed as other soft-tissue lesions occurring in the retroperitoneum. We describe our clinical experience with 4 patients undergoing surgical excision of retroperitoneal schwannomas and review the relevant literature.
Intractable & Rare Diseases Research
The suprarenal retroperitoneum and adrenal gland is a rare site of origin for benign schwannomas which frequently present as larger and more aggressive lesions than schwannomas identified elsewhere. These tumors are often surgically excised. We present a case of an 81-year-old asymptomatic man presenting with an incidental 10 cm left suprarenal retroperitoneal mass identified on CT. The mass was indiscernible from the adrenal gland, demonstrating heterogeneous enhancement with a centrally cystic/necrotic core, and punctate calcifications. Subsequent core needle biopsy demonstrated a benign adrenal schwannoma. The lesion has been managed conservatively with imaging follow up and without complication. DISCUSSION: Our review of the literature identifies 121 reported in vivo benign adrenal and suprarenal schwannomas published to date with imaging features available for 90 cases (74%). All cases were encapsulated with the average size measuring over 6.5 cm. Fifteen percent (13/84) of reported lesions measured over 10 cm at presentation. Punctate calcification was present in 50% (26/52) of reporting cases. Nearly 50% (40/86) of cases demonstrate cystic/necrotic appearances on imaging. Despite aggressive appearances, our case demonstrates that biopsy and surveillance may represent a reasonable alternative to surgery in suboptimal surgical candidates.
A Rare Case of an Adrenal Schwannoma
Cureus, 2023
Schwannomas are tumors of neoplastic Schwann cells generally found in peripheral nerves in the head, neck, and extremities. They do not demonstrate hormonal abnormalities, and initial symptoms are typically secondary to adjacent organ compression. These tumors are rarely found in the retroperitoneum. We present a rare finding of an adrenal schwannoma in a 75-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with right flank pain. Imaging incidentally demonstrated a 4.8 cm left adrenal mass. Ultimately, she underwent a left robotic adrenalectomy, and immunohistochemical testing confirmed the presence of an adrenal schwannoma. It is imperative to undergo adrenalectomy and immunohistochemical testing to confirm the diagnosis and rule out malignancy.
Schwannoma Localized Retroperitoneally in a 14-Year-Old Boy
Case Reports in Pediatrics, 2016
Schwannomas usually occur in adults being between the second and fifth decades, and such neoplasms are extremely rare in a pediatric population. In addition, they are not normally found in the retroperitoneal region. Here, we present a pediatric case of a retroperitoneal schwannoma in an adrenal location where the tumor was not able to be preoperatively differentiated from other benign or malign adrenal gland tumors. In our opinion, this tumor can be included in the differential diagnosis of a nonfunctioning retroperitoneal adrenal mass in children.
Laparoscopic Resection of Retroperitoneal Schwannoma: Report of 3 cases
2021
Most schwannomas occur in the head, neck, or limbs with a few cases occurring in the retroperitoneal space. In benign schwannoma occurring in the retroperitoneal space, tumors are most commonly located near the adrenal gland. Herein, we report on a 55year-old Japanese man with benign schwannoma (6×4 cm) behind the lesser omental sac, which was removed under laparoscopy. Nonfunctioning neurogenic tumor was suspected as a differential diagnosis by computed tomography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging, and the patient underwent laparoscopic resection of the tumor. Histologically, the resected tumor was diagnosed as benign schwannoma. The patient was discharged from our hospital on the tenth postoperative day without any complications. A laparoscopic surgical technique is safe and feasible for the diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal benign tumors such as schwannoma.
Incidentally Discovered Adrenal Schwannoma
JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, 2007
Schwannoma is a rare tumor of neural crest cell origin that is rarely seen arising from the adrenal gland. We report a case of an adrenal mass discovered incidentally in a 70-year-old man as part of a hematuria workup. Metabolic evaluation was unremarkable, and imaging studies did not meet strict imaging criteria for a typical adenoma. Following surgical excision and pathologic evaluation with confirmatory immunohistochemical staining, the mass was reported as a benign nerve sheath neoplasm.
Oxford Medical Case Reports, 2018
Adrenal oncocytomas and retroperitoneal schwannomas are two groups of very rare tumors with distinct histologic features. Both tumors are usually incidentally found and are mostly benign. Optimal management is usually with surgical resection. We report a unique case of a 74-year-old woman who was incidentally found to have these two exceptionally rare tumors at the same time. She was successfully managed with surgical resection of the retroperitoneal schwannoma and adrenalectomy for the adrenal oncocytoma and both diagnoses were confirmed with histopathology and immunochemistry.
Laparoscopic resection of an adrenal schwannoma
Jsls-journal of The Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, 2012
Background and Objectives: Schwannomas are tumors originating from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve sheath (neurilemma) of the neuroectoderm. Rarely, schwannomas can arise from the retroperitoneum and adrenal medulla. We describe a case of a 71-y-old woman who presented with an incidentally discovered adrenal tumor. Methods: Ultrasound and computed tomography scans revealed a lesion with solid and cystic areas originating from the left adrenal gland. The patient underwent complete laparoscopic resection of the tumor and the left adrenal gland. Results: Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the excised specimen revealed a benign schwannoma measuring 5.5ϫ5ϫ3.7 cm. To our knowledge, few other cases of laparoscopic resection of adrenal schwannomas have been reported. Conclusion: Because preoperative diagnosis of adrenal tumors is inconclusive, complete laparoscopic excision allows for definitive diagnosis with histological evaluation and represents the treatment of choice.
Schwannoma of the Adrenal Gland
American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 2006
Primary schwannomas of the adrenal gland are extremely uncommon. We report the clinical and pathologic features of two cases, occurring in a 73-year-old man and a 26year-old woman, both of whom presented with abdominal pain and an adrenal mass on imaging studies. Both tumors were characterized by a proliferation of cytologically bland spindle cells. One case exhibited alternating compact Antoni A areas and less cellular Antoni B areas consistent with conventional schwannoma, whereas the other case was hypercellular and composed predominantly of Antoni A areas consistent with cellular schwannoma. Reactive inflammatory cells and lymphoid aggregates were present throughout both tumors. The diagnosis of schwannoma was supported by positive immunoreactivity for S-100 protein and collagen IV and absence of reactivity for keratin, muscle related antigens, and CD34 in both cases. Electron microscopy was also performed in the case of cellular schwannoma, which showed ultrastructural features confirming the diagnosis. Both cases had a favorable outcome without evidence of recurrence or metastasis. Because of its rarity, schwannoma occurring at this particular site can pose problems in diagnosis and should be distinguished from other spindle cell lesions of the adrenal gland.