Serum Leptin Levels in Treatment-Naive Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome or Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (original) (raw)
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Journal of Autoimmunity, 2004
Leptin is synthesized by adipocytes to regulate appetite. Leptin has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) leading to speculation about a beneficial effect of fasting to autoimmune patients. We measured plasma leptin and its soluble receptor (OB-Rs) in 52 MS patients and 50 controls. We also cultured MS and control peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), T-cells and monocytes G recombinant leptin (rleptin), to assess leptin's direct effect on pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion. We found similar leptin and OB-Rs plasma levels between patients and controls. Untreated patients in the acute phase or in remission, or patients treated with methylprednisolone, had lower leptin levels than patients in the acute phase or in remission receiving IFN-b. OB-Rs levels were low in patients refractory to IFN-b but higher in patients receiving methylprednisolone or patients in remission receiving IFN-b. PBMC from untreated patients in the acute phase, secreted spontaneously IFN-g, TNF-a and IL-10. IFN-g was contributed by T-cells, TNF-a and IL-10 primarily by monocytes and to a lesser extent by T-cells. The overall effect of rleptin on PBMC was a net increase in IL-10 production and a net reduction in IFN-g production. These results do not warrant a beneficial effect of fasting to MS patients.
Leptin levels are associated with multiple sclerosis risk
Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2020
Background: Obesity early in life has been linked to increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Leptin and insulin are both associated with obesity, making them suitable candidates for investigating this connection. Objective: To determine if leptin and insulin are risk factors for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: In this nested case–control study using blood samples from Swedish biobanks, we compared concentrations of leptin and insulin in 649 individuals who later developed RRMS with 649 controls matched for biobank, sex, age and date of sampling. Only pre-symptomatically drawn samples from individuals below the age of 40 years were included. Conditional logistic regression was performed on z-scored values to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A 1-unit leptin z-score increase was associated with increased risk of MS in individuals younger than 20 years (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.9) and in all men (OR = 1.4, 95...
Leptin as a marker of multiple sclerosis activity in patients treated with interferon-beta
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2003
The role of leptin was investigated in relapsing -remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). Control and MS patients showed comparable baseline serum leptin levels. During the first year of IFNbeta-1a treatment, leptin significantly decreased since 2 months after starting therapy in 11 patients who had no relapses. A significant decrease in IL12/IL10 ratio was observed in this group of patients only after 1 year of treatment. An increase of leptin was observed before the first clinical exacerbation in 13 relapsing patients. Leptin may play a pathogenic role in MS and can be a useful marker of disease activity and response to therapy. D
Leptin as a metabolic link to multiple sclerosis
Nature Reviews Neurology, 2010
Clinical and experimental data, together with epidemiological studies, have suggested that the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) might involve factors that link the immune system with metabolic status. Moreover, recent research has shown that leptin, the adipocyte-derived hormone that controls food intake and metabolism, can promote experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS. In patients with MS, the association of leptin with disease activity has been dissected at the molecular level, providing new mechanistic explanations for the role of this hormone in MS. Here, we review the intricate relationship between leptin and other metabolic modulators within a framework that incorporates the latest advances linking the CNS, immune tolerance and metabolic status. We also consider the translational implications of these new findings for improved management of MS.
Increased leptin and A-FABP levels in relapsing and progressive forms of MS
BMC Neurology, 2013
Background: Leptin and adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) are produced by white adipose tissue and may play a role in chronic inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). To assess leptin and A-FABP in relapsing and progressive forms of MS. Methods: Adipokine levels were measured in untreated adult relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS) and Healthy control (HC). Pediatric-onset MS (POMS) and pediatric healthy controls (PHC) were also assessed. Leptin and A-FABP levels were measured in serum by ELISA. Groups were compared using linear mixed-effects model.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2005
We analyzed the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leptin secretion and the interaction between serum leptin and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells (T Regs ) in naïve-to-therapy relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. Leptin production was significantly increased in both serum and CSF of RRMS patients and correlated with IFN-γ secretion in the CSF. T cell lines against human myelin basic protein (hMBP) produced immunoreactive leptin and up-regulated the expression of the leptin receptor (ObR) after activation with hMBP. Treatment with either anti-leptin or anti-leptin-receptor neutralizing antibodies inhibited in vitro proliferation in response to hMBP. Interestingly, in the RRMS patients, an inverse correlation between serum leptin and percentage of circulating T Regs was also observed. To better analyze the finding, we enumerated T Regs in leptin-deficient ( ob / ob ) and leptin-receptor-deficient ( db / db ) mice and observed the significant increase in T Regs . Mor...
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2007
In this study we observed higher serum leptin levels in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients during remission than in controls. The expression of leptin receptor (ObR) was higher in CD8+ T cells and monocytes from RRMS patients in relapse than in patients in remission and in controls. Relapsing patients showed high levels of pSTAT3 and low expression of SOCS3 and leptin administration induced an up-regulation of pSTAT3 only in monocytes from patients in relapse. Our data suggest that ObR may be involved in the development of clinical relapses in RRMS patients and suggest a rationale for potential targeting of the leptin axis during MS.
Journal of Clinical Immunology, 2000
Leptin, a hormone synthesized mainly by adipocytes, can modulate the immune response and seems to be involved in the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the possible role of leptin in MS pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated. In this study we investigated the effect of leptin on cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of MS patients (either in the acute or in the stable phase of the disease) and healthy controls. We also analyzed leptin effects on cytokine production by monocytes in relapsing MS patients. Our data showed that leptin induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 production by PBMCs of patients in an acute phase of disease but not in patients in a stable phase or in healthy controls. Moreover, we found no effect of leptin in monocytes from relapsing MS patients. Therefore we conclude that leptin may modulate the MS inflammatory process during relapses.
2021
Backgrounds: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease linked to several inflammatory and dietary parameters. This study was carried out to determine the relationship between serum leptin, orexin-A, and TGF-β levels with BMI in MS patients.Methods and results: In this cross-sectional study, 25 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. The serum level of Leptin, Orexin-A, and TGF- were measured by the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square test, and Linear regression test. A total of 65 volunteers, including 25 MS patients and 40 healthy, were enrolled in the study. The mean age of individuals in the case and control groups was 38.04 ± 7.53 and 40.23 ± 5.88. There were no statistically significant differences between the case and control groups regarding gender, age, alcohol, and cigarette use (P>0.05). The mean serum levels ...