Application of reactive extraction to recovery of carboxylic acids (original) (raw)
Related papers
Effect of Temperature and Initial Acid Concentration on the Reactive Extraction of Carboxylic Acids
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2013
Temperature effect and initial acid concentration are significant factors of study on the reactive extraction process. Both the effect of temperature and of initial acid concentration on the extraction of levulinic acid and malic acid have been studied and compared to each other. Extractions have been carried out at the temperatures 298 K, 318 K, and 328 K. The results showed that an increase in temperature reduced distribution coefficients for all solvents used as the organic phase. The enthalpy and entropy of reaction have been calculated. Reactive extraction of these acids by amines resulted in negative values of enthalpy. Thus, the reactive extraction process is an exothermic process. Different initial concentrations of both acids have been studied in the range of 0.08 wt % to 0.15 wt %. For all solvents in organic phase the distribution coefficients decreased with increasing initial concentration of acids.
Extraction of carboxylic acids by amine extractants
1989
This work examines the chemistry of solvent extraction by long-chain amines for recovery of carboxylic acids from dilute aqueous solution. Long-chain amines act as complexing agents with the acid, which facilitates distribution of the acid into the organic phase. This complexation is reversible, allowing for recovery of the acid from the organic phase and regeneration of the extractant. Batch extraction experiments were performed to study the complexation of acetic, lactic, succinic, malonic, fumaric, and maleic acids with Alamine 336, an aliphatic, tertiary amine extractant, dissolved in various diluents. The diluents were selected from a variety of chemical classes, including halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, substituted aromatics, and alkanes. The results of batch extraction experiments were interpreted by a "chemical" model, in which stoichiometric ratios of acid and amine molecules are assumed to form complexes in the solvent phase. From fitting of the extraction data, the stoichiometry of complexes formed and the corresponding equilibrium constants were obtained. The results of the model were combined with infrared spectroscopic experiments aJld results of past studies to analyze the chemical interactions that are responsible for extraction behavior.
Status of the Reactive Extraction as a Method of Separation
Journal of Chemistry, 2015
The prospective function of a novel energy efficient fermentation technology has been getting great attention in the past fifty years due to the quick raise in petroleum costs. Fermentation chemicals are still limited in the modern market in huge part because of trouble in recovery of carboxylic acids. Therefore, it is needed considerable development in the current recovery technology. Carboxylic acids have been used as the majority of fermentation chemicals. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the reactive extraction of carboxylic acids from fermentation broths. This paper principally focuses on reactive extraction that is found to be a capable option to the proper recovery methods.
Experimental investigation of citric acid reactive extraction with solvent recycling
Bioprocess Engineering, 2000
Citric acid is one of the organic acids of which world market is growing every year. This paper proposes reactive extraction of citric acid with trioctylamine as an alternative to the classical method . An experimental setup with solvent recycling is presented. As organic solvents were used: octanol, cyclohexanol, iso-butyl alcohol and paraf®n oil. The removal ef®ciency is enhanced when the reactive extraction is accompanied by back-extraction using sodium carbonate as stripping agent.
Reactive extraction of acetic acid
2014
Acetic acid is an important carboxylic acid widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food and other industries. The growing importance of biological production (fermentation) expressed with new routes and increasing production rates, leads to look for technologies of downstream processing for product separation. The reactive extraction can be used for the recovery of an acetic acid from aqueous solution.The reactive extraction with specific extractant and a proper combination of extractant and diluents provides the higher capacity and selectivity of an acetic acid. The recovery of acetic acid by reactive extraction is studied using an organic solvent such as toluene, petroleum ether and n-hexane. The feed concentration of acetic acid in the aqueous solution ranges in between 0.1 to 0.4 gmol/l. The extraction of acetic acid from aqueous solution (feed concentration 0.4 gmol/lit) with organic solvent gives the distribution coefficient (KD) in toluene, petroleum ether and N-Hexane solv...
Reactive Extraction of Citric Acid Using Different Extractants: Equilibrium, Kinetics and Modeling
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly, 2018
Recovery of citric acid from biotechnologically produced low concentration aqueous solution has attracted several separation techniques for the downstream processing. Amongst them, reactive extraction is a convenient, cheap, and effective method. Three different extractants are used in this study, namely tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), tri-n-octylamine (TOA), and Aliquat 336 (A336), all diluted in methyl-iso-butyl ketone (MIBK). The isothermal batch experiments were performed for the equilibrium and kinetic studies at T = 300.15±1 K. Around 92 % extraction efficiency (E %) was obtained using 20 % (v/v) TOA in MIBK. Based on the overloading of amine (Z > 0.5), (2:1) acid:extractant complex in TOA+MIBK phase was proposed. Kinetics of extraction of citric acid (0.2-0.8 kmol m-3) was also performed in a Lewis-type stirred cell, using TOA in MIBK. The extraction reaction was occurring in the diffusion film. The second order rate constant was calculated as k 2 = 0.0351 m 3 kmol-1 s-1. The extraction parameters were estimated by differential evolution optimization technique. Optimal value of equilibrium constant, K E , was found to be 3.6 • 10-3 (m 3 kmol-1) 2 , for the reactive extraction of citric acid using 20 % TOA in MIBK, and was found in close agreement with experimental values.
Production and extraction of medium chain carboxylic acids at a semi-pilot scale
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Separation and Purification Technology, 2017
A detailed study of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) reactive extraction with tri-n-octylamine (TOA) is proposed for the first time. It aims at uncovering some solvent-solutes interactions and providing global mechanisms to better understand and design the reactive liquid-liquid extraction of 3-HP in a biotechnological process. Eleven solvents of similar molecular sizes and several chemical types (alcohols, esters and alkanes) were investigated to understand their role on the extraction ability. Alcohols were found to be the best solvents thanks to their H-bond donor characteristic and water loading that allowed good solvation of the acid-amine complexes. Further investigations were then undertaken, for n-decanol and oleyl alcohol as solvents, varying acid (0.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1994
Lactic, malic, and citric acids are representatives of hydroxycarboxylic acids, and they are also important biotechnological products. Extraction equilibria of these acids in the system watersolution of trialkylamine in mixtures of l-octanolln-heptane a t temperatures 25,50, and 75 O C have been measured. Mathematical models of diverse complexity are presented, and their goodness of fit is tested and mutually compared. The best fits display the models comprising the formation of three acid-amine complexes and the nonideality of organic phase. In the cases of lactic and malic acids the acid-amine complexes (l,l), (2,1), and (2,2) and in the case of citric acid the complexes (l,l), (1,2), and (2,3) have been included. The incorporation of dissociation in the aqueous phase and of its nonideality has been found to have little effect on the model accuracy. The effects of temperature and solvent composition on the extraction equilibria have been studied, and exponential relations for their prediction have been derived. All the three systems display sensitivity to both temperature and solvent composition. Accordingly the principles of "temperature and diluent swings" are applicable to the processes of extractive recovery and purification of the acids investigated.