A clinical study of epistaxis (original) (raw)
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A Clinical Study on Etiological Factors and Management of Epistaxis at a Tertiary Level Hospital
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2020
Background: Epistaxis is a common otolaryngological emergency worldwide affecting up to 60% of the population in their lifetime. This study was conducted to describe the etiological profile and treatment outcome of epistaxis at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in BANGLADESH. Objective: The study is carried out with an objective to evaluate on etiological profile and management of epistaxis. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among the emergency and admitted patient with epistaxis at Dhaka Medical College Hospital from 1st November 2013 to 30th April 2014. Results: During the period under study, a total 104 patients were studied. The etiology of the cause of epistaxis was grouped into traumatic and non- traumatic. Among them 46 (44.23%) patient were in traumatic epistaxis and 58 (55.77%) patient were in non traumatic epistaxis. Male were affected more frequently than female in this study. There were 74 (71.15%) male and 30 (28.85%) females with ...
Epistaxis - Etiological Profile and Treatment Outcome at a Tertiary Care Centre
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
BACKGROUND: Epistaxis is the commonest otolaryngological emergency affecting up to 60% of the population in their lifetime, with 6% requiring medical attention. This study was conducted to describe the etiological profile and treatment outcome of epistaxis at SKIMS Medical College, Bemina, Srinagar, a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: This was a prospective descriptive study of the cases of epistaxis managed at SKIMS Medical College, Bemina, Srinagar, a tertiary care hospital, from July 2014 to January 2015.All patients of acute epistaxis due to any cause were included. The data for the following variables was collected; gender, age, age group, cause, type and laterality of epistaxis and success rate of treatment modalities. RESULTS: A total of 114 patients with epistaxis were studied. Males were affected more than the females (1.8:1). Their mean age was 32.24 ± 12.54 years (range 4 to 82 years). The commonest cause of epistaxis was trauma (46.22%) followed by hypertension (25.43%) and idiopathic (18.43%). Anterior nasal bleeding was noted in majority of the patients (69.29%). Non-surgical measures were the main intervention methods in 99.12% of cases and of this, local cauterization (49.12%) and anterior nasal packing (26.31%) were most common non-surgical measures. Surgical measures mainly tumor resection was carried out in 0.87% of cases. The overall success rate of treatment was 92.0%. CONCLUSION: Epistaxis is the commonest otolaryngological emergency. Trauma resulting from road traffic accident (RTA) remains the most common etiological factor for epistaxis. Most cases can be successfully managed with conservative (non-surgical) treatment alone and surgical intervention with its potential complications may not be necessary in most cases and should be the last resort. Reducing the incidence of trauma from RTA will reduce the incidence of emergency epistaxis.
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, 2017
ANORL-602; No. of Pages 5 2 E. Bequignon et al. / European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck diseases xxx (2016) xxx-xxx is only feasible if the bleeding site is clearly visible. When the bleeding site is not identifiable or the first measures failed, anterior packing may be performed by a non-specialist physician. Epistaxis requires subsequent nasal endoscopy performed by an ENT specialist. Patients should be informed of the measures to be taken in case of epistaxis at home, and the risks associated with the various treatments.
Background: Epistaxis is one of the common emergencies in Oto-rhino-laryngology. It may occur in any age and in either gender. Causes of epistaxis range from simple self-limiting condition to more sinister malignancy which needs a radical approach. Hence, one should evaluate these patients appropriately and identify the cause to treat them accordingly. The present work was undertaken with the aim of studying the demographic profile of patients with epistaxis, its causes and management. Methods: The present study consisted of 50 patients who came with complaint of epistaxis. The patient's detailed history was obtained. Detailed systemic examination and ENT examination was performed on patients in the study. Patients were investigated and treated as per the standard hospital protocol. Results: Out of the total 50 cases of epistaxis, 70% were males and 30% were females. Most of our cases were aged more than 50 years (38%) with mean age of 40.23 years. Most common etiology of epistaxis in present study was hypertension (25%), followed by acute rhino-sinusitis (20%). Commonest cause in children was deviated nasal septum and acute rhinosinusitis while in young adults, trauma was the common cause. Most common cause in elderly was hypertension. Medical management was done in most of the cases (70%) while anterior and posterior packing was done in (20%) and (6%) cases respectively. Two cases underwent electrocauterization of bleeding point. Conclusions: Epistaxis can be seen in anyage. However the etiology of this condition varies with age. Understanding of the etiology helps in better evaluation and treatment of the case.
An Aetiopathological Study on Epistaxis in Adults and its Management
Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery
IntroductionEpistaxis is a common clinical problem in ENT practice. Idiopathic aetiology is said to be the most common.Aim of studyTo find out whether idiopathic epistaxis is the most common cause of primary adulthood epistaxis and to formulate the best treatment protocolMaterials & MethodsA prospective study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare setup from August 2013 to August 2014. 100 patients of more than 16 years of age of both sexes were studied. Patients presenting with active nasal bleeding in ENT ER and OPD were included.ResultsTruly idiopathic epistaxis was encountered in 37% of the study population followed by 20% cases in association with grossly deviated septum with septal spur(s). Most of the cases were managed by resuscitation alone with or without anterior nasal packing. Conclusion: With advances in endoscopy & imaging techniques, cause of the epistaxis can most often be elicited and by sticking to a management protocol recurrence can be reduced.
Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2018
Epistaxis is one of the most common emergencies in ENT Department. Incidence of epistaxis varies greatly with age. There is a bimodal distribution with peaks in children and older adult. Epistaxis appears to occur more often in males than in female. Epistaxis is not a disease but a symptom or a manifestation of another disease. Most are mild and can be stopped without medical help whereas severe epistaxis is a disease problem that can be fatal if not treated promptly. The etiology of epistaxis can be divided into local and systemic factors. The principle of treatment is to stop bleeding, prevent complications and prevent recurrent epistaxis. The aim of our study to know the characteristic of patients with epistaxis attending Sanglah General Hospital. A descriptive study, using database of patient with epistaxis attending to Sanglah General Hospital from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016. A total of 195 cases of epistaxis were obtained. The maximum number of cases were in the age group of 11-20 years (23.1%). Males were affected more frequently than female. In this study, 125 cases (64,1%) were male and 70 cases (35,9%) female, with a ratio of 1.8 : 1. The most common cause of epistaxis was found to be trauma (34,9%) and followed by hypertension (24,1%). It may be concluded from this study that epistaxis is the most common ENT emergencies, affecting all age group. It has bimodal age presentation and males were affected more than female. The major causes epistaxis are local factors such as trauma leading to systemic factor.
Clinical Profile of Idiopathic Epistaxis in a Hospital
Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 2012
Introduction: Epistaxis is a common otolaryngological emergency but most of the cases are idiopathic. This study was done to assess clinical profile in patients with idiopathic epistaxis. Methods: Patients presenting in ENT outpatient department or emergency with epistaxis and no definite cause were selected. Patients demographic data, present and past history was recorded. All patients underwent anterior rhinoscopy and rigid nasal endoscopy. Results: There were 142 patients with epistaxis without definite cause. Age ranged from 11 to 84 years with mean 32.8 years. Approximately two-third were male. Bleeding from right side was seen in 64 (45.0%) patients. Past history of bleeding was given by 79 (55.6%) patients and out of them 60 (75.9) % had bleeding from same side. Presentation was mostly in months of January to March. Bleeding point was seen in 65 patients. Most of them (37/65) was in Little’s area. Deviated nasal septum was seen in 102 patients. More than half of patients wi...
Evaluation of aetiology and efficacy of management protocol of epistaxis
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Epistaxis is one of the commonest medical emergencies. It affects all age groups and both sexes. The cause may be local or systemic but in majority it is spontaneous and idiopathic. Trauma is considered to be a major aetiological factor. Various treatment protocols are utilized to control epistaxis derpending upon the type, severity and cause of bleeding. This descriptive study was designed to evaluate the aetiology and efficacy of management protocol of epistaxis in a tertiary care setting. 313 patients underwent prospective evaluation by consultant and non-consultant doctors with considerable experience in Ear, Nose & Throat (ENT) emergencies management. Standard principles were followed in the management. This study demonstrated a bimodal distribution with incidence peaks in below 25 years…
Epistaxis management - our point of view and literature review
Romanian Journal of Rhinology, 2017
Nasal haemorrhage or epistaxis is the most common otolaryngologic emergency. It affects about 60% of the population and a percentage of 6% do not cease spontaneously, medical approach being needed. The management of epistaxis varies depending on its severity and etiology. The therapeutic conduct of this ENT emergency is based on three main principles: 1. local haemostasis; 2. detection and ceasing of the cause; 3. evaluation and correction of hypovolemia if necessary. Haemostasis can be done by chemical or electric cauterisation after identifying the bleeding source, by nasal packing, by endoscopic or external surgery or, in special cases, when none of the above methods returns any results, embolization. The current paper emphasizes our experience and a brief literature concerning epistaxis management in patients presented in the Emergency Room, in chronic cases of vascular intranasal tumors with recurrent bleeding, in iatrogenic haemorrhages, and none of the least we will bring int...
International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2018
Background/Objectives: Epistaxis is a common presentation and may constitute a major challenge to the parents and the health care givers. This study aimed at determining the clinico-epidemiological pattern, presentation and etiology of epistaxis. Materials and Methods: This prospective study of all patients that presented with epistaxis via the Ear, Nose and Throat department of a tertiary institution in Nigeria. The study was carried out between June 2012 and July 2017. Data were obtained from patients who gave consent by using pre-tested interviewer assisted questionnaire. All the data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: The prevalence of epistaxis in this study was 12.2%. The peak age group was 1-10 years with epistaxis prevalence of 36.4%. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Anterior epistaxis was more common than posterior epistaxis accounted for 80.1% and 7.4% respectively. Single episode of epistaxis was seen in 78.4% of the patients while recurrent epistaxis occurred in 21.6%. Unilateral epistaxis was 62.5%, bilateral epistaxis was 37.5% while right nasal bleeding accounted for 35.8%. The main local causes of epistaxis were trauma 29.5%, infective rhinosinusitis 18.8% and sinonasal tumours 12.5%. Severe epistaxis requiring blood transfusion was seen in 2.8% of the patients and death was recorded in 2.3%. Majority 110 (62.5%) were managed by observation alone, 20 (11.4%) by conservative therapy and 22 (12.5%) had surgical excision. Blood transfusion was given in 5. The outcome of treatment was good recovery in 79.0% while patients' satisfaction with treatment was noted in 84.1%. Conclusion: Epistaxis is a common sinonasal presentation with effect on quality of life.