The Composition Aggregate Uses: A Grain of Buton Asphalt (original) (raw)
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The Open Civil Engineering Journal
Background: Micro-texture and macro-texture are two essential parameters that functionally evaluate friction on asphalt pavement surface. While micro-texture indicates the irregularity of aggregate using British Pendulum Tester (BPN), macro-texture shows the larger irregularity of asphalt mix surface using Mean Texture Depth (MTD). Both micro-texture and macro-texture contribute to increased skid resistance value, which is needed for road to meet the safety qualification. Aim: This study aims to investigate the effect of local aggregate types and aggregate proportion (%) on asphalt mix on pavement textures (micro and macro-texture). Methods: Laboratory experiments were conducted on four types of local aggregates (A, B, C, and D), which were carried from West Java, Indonesia, and aggregate has a different characteristic to each other. In addition, three asphalt mix types (SMA-fine, AC-WC, and HRS-WC), each containing varying proportion (%) of aggregates, were investigated to analyze ...
Proceedings of the 11th Asia Pacific Transportation and the Environment Conference (APTE 2018), 2019
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is a paving stripping material with Cold Milling Machine. The RAP accumulation in East Java Province is estimated 50,000 m 3 per-year. The RAP usage can decrease RAP accumulation, natural material, damage rate by mining or excavation. RAP mixture produced an optimum performances (workability, stability). RAP improved volumetric and mechanical properties of mixture. On the other hand, the usage of RAP increased the brittleness of pavement. It is necessary to support in microstructural aspect so the addition of RAP can produce better performance. The objective of this study is to obtain physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete contain RAP. Method used literature study. The result showed the physical properties of aggregate and asphalt RAP according the specification standard exception on gradation, penetration and ductility. The Asphalt Concrete with RAP include in specification standard, exception was in the range of 3.78-4.63%, the optimum in VIM PRD. The asphalt content in RAP RAP of 20-30%. RAP can be used as AC-WC, AC-BC, AC-Base. The strength of RAP depends on the source of RAP. The usage of RAP requires new or other material so it become the environment friendly material.
Investigation the Effect of Aggregates on Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Performance -A Case Study
Aggregate types and gradation are one of the characteristics of aggregates that affected the properties of HMA performance. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to investigate the effects of aggregates types on hot mix asphalt performance. In order to get the desired objective, a systematic methodology was adopted which includes field investigation, and laboratory tests was carried. While the purposive techniques was used to collect aggregate samples. The laboratory test results of aggregate types were fulfilled and achieve the requirement of Ethiopia Road Authority (ERA). The laboratory test result of basalt, rhyolite and limestone aggregate HMA mix design volumetric properties, stability and flow value are affected by aggregate gradation. The same gradation of laboratory test result of HMA mix design volumetric properties, stability and flow values are impressively affected by aggregate types. In all aggregate types trial mixes of HMA rutting depth were increase with increasing of cycle time of load. For both type of aggregate gradation, the minimum rut depth was achieved in gradation trial mix 3. The maximum rut depth were achieve in gradation trial mix 5 for basalt and rhyolite, but for limestone aggregate the maximum rut depth was achieve in gradation trial mix 1. In trial mix 1 and 2 limestone's aggregate gradation is achieved maximum value of rut depth and in trial mix 3, 4 and 5 rhyolite aggregate is achieved maximum value of rut depth. For both types of aggregate gradation maximum dynamic stability values are achieved in gradation trial mix 3 and the minimum values are achieved in gradation trial mix 5. The maximum dynamic stability value was achieve in basalt aggregate and gradation trial mix 4 and 5 only limestone aggregate was achieve the minimum requirement of dynamic stability. Generally, aggregate types and its gradation are affected HMA properties and rutting performance. The gradation of medium to lower limit of Ethiopia Road Authority (ERA) standard technical specification use to produce good performance of HMA. Limestone aggregate was hydrophobic which reduce the problems of stripping of aggregate during wet and subjected to water. As this study was done for specific location and specific aggregate types, it is recommended as more laboratory and field investigation should be performed on same parts of the country. Effect of aggregate source and shape of the same aggregate types on HMA properties are another perspective.
Mineral aggregate constitutes approximately 95% of hot mix asphalt by weight. The present study includes the determination of particle index based on fractured faces counts of coarse aggregate i.e. less than 2, more than or equal to 2 and more than 3 and its influences on marshall and fatigue properties of hot mix asphalt mixtures. The different particle index values ranging from 9 to 16 for the coarser size (19-13.2mm) have been determined and the same are used in the marshall mix design. The important factor for minimizing fatigue property of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixture are, the fractured face count for coarse aggregate. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of particle index value on aggregate properties. Asphalt mix with crushed particles produces higher stability values with the increase in particle index value. The study also found that an increase in the amount of crushed particles causes decrease in unit weight and an increase in voids in mineral aggregate and optimum asphalt content. As fractured faces counts increases, the stiffness ratio (TSR) also increases. More the particle index value better will be the resistance to fatigue (Permanent deformation of the pavement).
The effect of aggregate density on pavement performance of SMA-13 asphalt mixture
This paper chooses the top layer SMA-13 asphalt mixture material as the research object. Basalt was selected as pavement material, and modified SBS asphalt was used as a cementing material. Two basalt aggregates with different densities were used to carry out standard Marshall test in the laboratory.Aimed at the volume parameters of the asphalt mixture carry on anaiysis,and obtian the effect of aggregate density on pavement performance of SMA-13 asphalt mixture, which is that the density of aggregate has a significant effect on the void ratio, saturation, and the gap rate of the aggregate, thus affecting the pavement performance of the asphalt mixture.
The Improvement of Asphalt Mixture Durability Using Portland Cement Filler and Rice Husk Ash
Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2023
The use of fillers in asphalt mixtures can potentially increase durability and their ability to resist water. This research was conducted to analyze how fillers improve the durability of the mixture. This research uses rice husk ash (RHA) and Portland cement (PC) as fillers in the mixture of asphalt concrete wearing course. The mixing process was carried out by the hot mix method, with the optimum asphalt content being 5.5% and the optimum filler content being 4%. The parameters analyzed were: sieve size, porosity, texture, penetration, aggregate blending, and mixing order. Based on the smaller filler sieve size (#400), it has the potential for a higher level of durability, while for strength, #200 has a higher potency. RHA porosity value #400 is 1.6 times greater than #200, and 5.53 times greater on PC. Asphalt with a smaller filler size has a better level of homogeneity, as seen from the smaller standard deviation of penetration. The results of aggregate blending show that the addition of filler causes aggregate gradations that do not meet the specifications required by Bina Marga. The filler should preferably be used as a substitute for the aggregate in the sieve analysis. Based on the IRMS (Index of Retained Marshall Stability) value, it can be concluded that the dry mixing process gives less value than wet mixing. This shows that wet blends last longer than dry blends.
2019
Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded hot mix asphalt with a high percentage of coarse aggregate and a high asphalt content. SMA is the typical gap-graded mixture used in Virginia that is intended to maximize rutting resistance and durability with a stable stone-on-stone skeleton held together by a rich mixture of asphalt binder. The field performance of SMA in Virginia has been generally excellent. However, several SMA pavements have undergone premature failure, and factors related to both pavement structure and materials have been identified as causes for the poor performance. A detailed forensic study recommended a specification change for gradation of SMA-9.5 mixtures to provide improved stability. The Virginia Department of Transportation adopted a new aggregate gradation in 2012 for these mixtures. Aggregate morphological characteristics, including sphericity, flatness ratio, elongation ratio, angularity, and texture, have been recognized as major factors influencing the performance of aggregate and asphalt mixtures. The current study demonstrated via laboratory methods the stability of mixtures conforming to the Virginia Department of Transportation's new grading specification and the effects of aggregate morphology and asphalt binder properties on stability. SMA mixtures designed and produced by different contractors using aggregates from different quarries in Virginia were included in the study. SMA mixtures and samples of the aggregates used in production were obtained for laboratory evaluation of the structural stability and aggregate characteristics of the mixtures. All mixtures met the criterion of VCA MIX < VCA DRC, indicating good stone-on-stone contact and a denser coarse aggregate fraction. Flow number and asphalt pavement analyzer results showed better rutting resistance of all mixtures with revised gradation. In both confined and unconfined flow number tests, polymer-modified binders (PG 64E-22 or PG 76-22) showed a lower flow number slope compared to that of PG 70-22 (PG 64H-22) binders, indicating better rutting resistance. SMA mixtures with polymer-modified binder also showed excellent fatigue performance. All mixtures showed a maximum number of cycles of 1,200 in the Texas overlay test, showing the excellent reflection crack resistance of these mixtures. Regression analyses were conducted between weighted mean morphological characteristics and performance parameters. Aggregate morphological characteristics were found to play an important role in the mechanical performance of SMA mixtures and the uncompacted void content of the coarse aggregates. Results showed that using more spherical (equant), angular, or better-crushed rough coarse aggregate particles in SMA mixtures can improve the resistance of the SMA to rutting. In addition, aggregates with fewer flat and elongated aggregate particles can contribute to better rutting performance of SMA mixtures. Results also showed that better rutting resistance can be obtained using polymer-modified binders even if the aggregate morphological characteristics are slightly less favorable.
Utilization of Madura Coarse and Fine Aggregates in Low-Traffic Road Pavements
Journal Innovation of Civil Engineering (JICE)
Aggregates from Sampang are still rarely used in flexible pavement. Therefore, this research is to identify the effects of coarse aggregate and soft aggregate from Sampang – Madura, to recognize their performance in the HRS – WC mixture. It adopted Bina Marga General Standards 2010, Division 6 (Revision 3) for HRS – WC mixture, by testing the physical characteristic of coarse aggregate and soft aggregate from Sampang (in terms of specific gravity and absorption, coarse aggregate wear and tear, and sieve passing Nr. 200) and Marshall Characteristic Testing with asphalt content variables of 6%, 6,5%, 7%, 7,5%, and 8% of the total mixture, each with 3 tested objects. With reference to the physical aggregate characteristic, it was found that the coarse aggregate satisfied the specification standard. On the other hand, the value of the specific gravity of the soft aggregate was still lower than the specification standard, i.e., 2,25 gram/cm2, while the minimum standard was 2,5 gram/cm3. ...
Sustainability, 2020
Aggregate composition has a pivotal role in ensuring the quality of pavement materials. The use of waste materials to replace the aggregate composition of asphalt pavement leads to green, sustainable, and environmentally friendly construction, which ultimately preserves nature by reducing the need to harvest materials from natural sources. Using the Marshall mix design, the main objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of waste palm oil clinker (POC) as fine aggregates replacement on the properties of stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixture. Six groups of asphalt mixtures were prepared using different percentages of palm oil clinker content (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%). To determine the Marshall properties and select the optimum binder content, asphalt mixture samples with different percentages of asphalt binder content (5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, and 7.0%) were prepared for each group. The results showed that the palm oil clinker was appropriate for use as a fine aggrega...