Morphological Changes in Vigna radiata Root Under Cadmium Induced Stress in the Presence of Plant Growth Promoting Enterobacter sp. C1D (original) (raw)

Technological Challenges and Developmental Trends, 2016

Abstract

Enterobacter sp. C1D is a multi-metal tolerant plant growth promoting bacterium. Aim of the present work was to understand the effect of Cd induced morphological changes on Vigna radiata root and the influence of Enterobacter sp. C1D on root development. The experiments were conducted under hydroponics in which germinated seedlings of Vigna radiata exposed to a range of different Cd concentrations to determine IC 50 , Cd accumulation, and cell death. Hematoxylin staining revealed that Cd accumulation was deceased by 90% using bacterial treatment. A novel dual agar plate method has been developed in which one side of the germinated seedling is exposed to Cd containing medium, while another side is without Cd. This method allows the visualization of the effect of Cd on the overall growth of the plant as well as on the tissues directly exposed to Cd as compared to the unexposed tissues of the same plant. In this method bacterial effect can be studied by incorporating the culture in the medium. Cd was found to inhibit overall root elongation and negatively influences root anatomy and lateral root development. Some clear morphological responses observed were: (i) the roots were quite sensitive as the root apex tends to turn towards no Cd zone, (ii) higher numbers of lateral roots were seen on the side of Cd free medium, (iii) microscopic images of transverse section of the root showed Cd mediated damages on one side of the root, (iv) phloroglucinol staining of the section showed high lignin formation only one side of the root. On the other hand coinoculation with bacterium Enterobacter sp. C1D alleviated Cd stress. Numbers and length of lateral roots were much higher as compared to uninoculated control.

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