Biological and biochemical characteristics of a Mediterranean population with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (original) (raw)
Related papers
Effect of Lipid Parameters on Foetal Growth in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnancies
2014
Introduction: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) often deliver newborns large for their gestational age (LGA). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of lipid parameters in the second half of pregnancy on foetal growth in GDM pregnancies. Material and methods: In two hundred consecutive women with GDM the age, body mass index before pregnancy, body mass index before delivery, gestational week of GDM diagnosis, lipid parameters after 24 weeks of pregnancy, fasting glycaemia, HbA1c in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery, and baby birth weight were analyzed. Results: Of the 200 GDM pregnancies, 50 (25%) women delivered LGA newborns, 135 (67.5%) women delivered newborns appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and 15 (7.5%) women delivered newborns small for gestational age (SGA). Maternal triglyceride levels and HbA1c in the second trimester were higher, and HDL-C was significantly lower, in the LGA group than in the AGA group (3.8 ± 1.8 vs. 3.1 ± 1.1 mmol/L, 6.1 ± 1.1 vs. 5.5 ± 0.8%, and 1.3 ± 0.4 vs. 1.6 ± 0.4 mmol/L, p < 0.05). Also, maternal triglyceride levels and HbA1c in the second trimester were significantly higher in the SGA group than in the AGA group (3.8 ± 1.9 vs. 3.1 ± 1.1 mmol/L and 6.8 ± 0.8 vs. 5.5 ± 0.8%, p < 0.05). Maternal triglycerides were independent predictors for delivering LGA newborns in GDM women. Conclusion: In GDM pregnancies, maternal triglycerides in the second half of pregnancy may indentify women who will deliver LGA newborns. Thus, with good regulation of lipid profile, we can avoid macrosomia from GDM pregnancies.
Diabetic Medicine, 2011
Aims To evaluate the potential contribution of maternal glucose and lipids to fetal metabolic variables and growth in pregnancies with normal glucose tolerance in comparison with pregnancies with well-controlled gestational diabetes previously reported by us. Methods In 190 pregnancies with normal oral glucose tolerance tests (controls), insulin, glucose and lipid components were determined in maternal and arterial cord blood serum. Birthweight and neonatal fat mass were obtained after delivery. Values were adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, Caesarean section and gestational age. Measurements were compared with those of gestational diabetes previously reported. Results Maternal serum glucose, triacylglycerol, free fatty acid and cholesterol levels did not differ between control pregnancies and those with gestational diabetes, whereas insulin, homeostasis model assessment and glycerol values were significantly lower in the former (2.6 vs. 5.6 lmol ⁄ l and 176 vs. 193 lmol ⁄ l, respectively). In contrast, cord blood glucose and free fatty acids were significantly lower in control pregnancies than in those with gestational diabetes (3.9 vs. 4.4 mmol ⁄ l and 80.7 vs. 137 lmol ⁄ l, respectively); the same was valid for insulin (0.03 vs. 0.05 nmol ⁄ l) and homeostasis model assessment (1.0 vs. 1.87). In control pregnancies, maternal serum glucose, free fatty acids and glycerol correlated with those in cord blood, but not with neonatal weight and fat mass, as seen for free fatty acids in those with gestational diabetes. The negative correlation between cord blood triacylglycerols and neonatal weight or fat mass previously reported in gestational diabetes could not be confirmed in control pregnancies, where all fetal lipids showed a positive correlation to neonatal anthropometrics. Conclusion In normal pregnancies, in contrast to those with gestational diabetes, maternal lipids do not influence neonatal weight. Similar levels of maternal lipids in pregnancies with gestational diabetes and control pregnancies, but higher free fatty acids in the cord blood of those with gestational diabetes, indicate their enhanced placental transport and ⁄ or enhanced lipolysis as a result of decreased fetal insulin responsiveness.
Prilozi / Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite, Oddelenie za biološki i medicinski nauki = Contributions / Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Section of Biological and Medical Sciences, 2009
The aim of the study was to investigate the association between foetal growth and different maternal metabolic characteristics in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study group included 200 consecutive pregnant women who attended the Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Outpatient Department in the period from 02.2006 to 02.2009 with singleton pregnancy and GDM diagnosed following ADA criteria. The following parameters were studied: pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI), 3-hours 100g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), total lipids (TL), total cholesterol (TH), triglycerides (TG), HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels at admission. Neonatal birth weight and the prevalence of being large for gestational age (LGA) was an end-point. We found a significant association between birth weight and pre-pregnancy BMI, HDL-C and birth weight of a large child born previously. Birth weight of a large child born previously was ...
Evaluation of Lipid Profile between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normal Pregnant Women
2018
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a syndrome of disturbed carbohydrate tolerance diagnosed during pregnancy. However there is possibility of alteration of lipid profile as well. In the present study lipid profile parameters of gestational diabetes mellitus patient (GDM) were evaluated in a cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology of BSMMU and BIRDEM. A total of 60 pregnant women of 3 rd trimester were recruited for the study in which 30 were with GDM and 30 were normoglycemic. Along with basic characteristics and parameters like total cholesterol, LDLcholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels were evaluated at 3 rd trimester of pregnancy. The lipid profile in gestational diabetes mellitus is found to be altered compared to healthy pregnant women.The altered parameter of lipid profile (Triglycerides, Total cholesterol) was found to be evident in our study. However, altered lipid profile in the GDM might also be due to altered diet in pregn...
Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 2018
Background: Using oral glucose for glucose challenge test (GCT) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) is problematic, especially in early pregnancy when the pregnant woman is experiencing gastrointestinal complications. This research seeks to investigate the relationship between the ratio of Triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the risk of gestational diabetes and large for gestational age (LGA) fetus for suggesting a more appropriate index for diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Methods: The present cross-sectional study investigated pregnant women visiting the Perinatal Clinic of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol for prenatal care from September 2015-2016. The GCT was performed on these pregnant women at 24-28 weeks as a screening test and their lipid profile, including HDL-C and TG, was simultaneously assessed after eight to 14 hours of fasting. Results: Significant differences were observed between women with and without gestational diabetes in terms of mean triglyceride, HDL, LDL/HDL ratio, triglyceride/LDL ratio and triglyceride/HDL ratio. The cutoff point of TG/HDL in the GTT was 4.254 with a sensitivity of 79.07% and specificity of 78%. Conclusions: According to the results obtained, lipid profile can help predict the risk of gestational diabetes, especially TG/HDL ratio that has a high sensitivity to diagnose gestational diabetes, while, lipid indices could not predict birth of a LGA neonate.
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society, 2008
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased maternal insulin resistance. Maternal hyperglycemia is a well known risk factor for fetal overgrowth. However, despite improved glycemia control, macrosomia complicates a significant proportion of diabetic pregnancies, resulting in increased perinatal risk. The aim of our retrospective study was to investigate the association between fetal growth and different maternal metabolic characteristics in women with GDM. The study group included 357 women (singleton pregnancy, and GDM diagnosed following WHO criteria). The following parameters were studied: maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, 75 g OGTT results, HbA(1c), triglycerides (TAG), total, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels at admission. Neonatal birth weight and the prevalence of being large for gestational age birth weight (LGA) was an end-point. We found a significant association between birth weight and HbA(1c), TAG, fasting OGTT glycemia, BMI and a birth weight of a large ch...
A Obra Prima: a arte de cuidar no início da vida
In the present study we evaluated growth, glucose and lipids homeostasis in preterm (PT) infants at birth and at 6 months of corrected age (6m of CA) and correlated with maternal health conditions. This was a longitudinal prospective study conducted between May 2015 and February 2017 with PT (n=71) and full term (FT) infants(n=82) and their respective mothers in a public hospital at south of Brazil. At birth, PT-infants showed, reduced growth parameters, high levels of glucose, insulin but lower triglyceride levels when compared to FT-infants. Only glucose remained elevated in PT-infants at 6m of CA; an effect correlated significantly with higher maternal body weight gain and with high degree of prematurity. In contrast, elevated maternal insulin plasma level was correlated with smaller glycemia of PT-infants at 6 m of CA. Moreover, in association, elevated maternal body weight gain during pregnancy, greater values of plasma glucose, insulin and cholesterol and high degree of prematurity were positively correlated with high plasma triglyceride levels in PT-infants at 6 m CA. In conclusion, this study confirms that maternal body weight gain and their metabolic state, as well as, the degree of prematurity are elements that affect glycemia and trigliceridemia in PT infants at 6 m CA. Glucose and lipid homeostasis at birth and infancy can determine onset of chronic diseases in adult life. Thus, PT-infants and their mothers should be more strictly accompanied to preserve health in future.
Maternal diet and gestational diabetes mellitus development
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2019
Purpose: All possible measures should be taken to prevent glucose tolerance disorders and limit their consequences. The aim of this study was to show the relationship between maternal eating habits and the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods: The nutrition of 55 pregnant women was evaluated using a three-day food record and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and nutrition of 12 months before pregnancy was assessed only by means of the FFQ. The patients were divided into groups: Hwith uncomplicated pregnancy (n ¼ 42) and GDMwith gestational diabetes mellitus (n ¼ 13), based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results performed between 24 and 28 weeks. Results: Significant differences were found between groups H and GDM in terms of daily fat intake (32.1 versus 36.2%) and dietary reference values (standards) for total fat, monosaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polysaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In the GDM group, the coverage of standards for total fat, staturated fatty acids (SFA) and MUFA exceeded the recommended values. Moreover, patients from this group consumed products typical for the "Western model of nutrition" more often, which may contribute to GDM. Conclusions: A "Western diet" and higher intake of energy from total fat and saturated fatty acid in the first half of pregnancy and before pregnancy may contribute to an increased risk of developing GDM.
Maternal nutritional status in diabetes mellitus and neonatal characteristics at birth
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 2020
Objectives: to analyze the nutritional status of women with diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy and the newborns’ characteristics in relation to health conditions at birth. Methods: transversal study with data from 394 electronic medical charts (197 newborn and 197 mothers), between 2017 and 2018. Descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: there was prevalence of women with Gestational Diabetes (78.2%), followed by Type II Diabetes (13.7%) and Type I Diabetes (8.1%), and of term births (85.3%) and cesarean deliveries (54.8%). Type I Diabetes was associated to earlier gestational age at birth (p>0.001) and obesity during pregnancy was associated to higher birth weight of newborns (p=0.024). Clinical complications occurred in 37.6% of newborns. Among complications, Type I Diabetes was associated with respiratory disorder (p=0.005), and prematurity was associated with mother’s overweight/obesity (p=0.010). Conclusions: we strongly advise about the need of metabolic and ...