Effects of Aluminum on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Physic Nut Seedlings (original) (raw)
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Effects of aluminum on plant growth and nutrient uptake in young physic nut plants
Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 2012
Aluminum (Al 3+) toxicity is a major limiting factor to crop productivity in acid soils. The effects of aluminum on root and shoot growth of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) young plants and, the uptake and distribution of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and aluminum in the roots and shoots were investigated in the present study. Plants were grown in 2.5L pots in a greenhouse. After fourteen days of adaptation to nutrient solution, plants were exposed to Al concentrations of 0, 370, 740, 1,100 and 1,480 μmol L-1 , corresponding to an active Al 3+ solution of 13.3, 35.3, 90.0, 153.3 and 220.7 μmol L-1 , respectively. The dry matter partitioning between roots, stems and leaves, and the concentrations of P, Ca, Mg and Al in plant tissue, were measured after 75 days exposure to Al. The increasing level of Al 3+ activity in solution progressively decreased the growth of the shoot and root of physic nut plants, and at the two highest active Al 3+ levels, plants showed morphological abnormalities typical of the toxicity caused by this metal. Higher Al 3+ activity reduced P concentrations in leaves and Ca and Mg in leaves and roots of physic nut, demonstrating the effect of Al on the uptake, transport and use of these nutrients by plants. The Al accumulated preferentially in the roots of physic nut, whereas only a small amount was transported to shoots.
Tolerance of Physic Nut Plants to Aluminum Activity in Nutrient Solution
Bioscience Journal
Plants have different levels of tolerance to phytotoxic effects of aluminum and the exploitation of this characteristic is of significant importance to the use of acid soils. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of aluminum activity in nutrient solution on growth of physic nut young plant. After seven days of adaptation, plants were submitted to Al concentrations of 0; 200; 400; 600; 800 and 1,000 µmol L –1 , corresponding to Al 3+ activity solution, of: 14.5, 21.4; 46.6; 75.6; 108.3 e 144.8 µmol L –1 , respectively. The increased activity of Al 3+ decreased linearly the number of leaves, plant height, leaf area, shoot dry matter and root length of physic nut plant. Physic nut young plants are sensitive to high aluminum activity in solution. The root length, number of leaves, shoot dry matter and total dry matter were variables more affected by Al activity in solution, and can be used to discriminate the tolerance levels to aluminum in physic nut plants. The accumulation of al...
Differential effects of aluminium on the seedling parameters of wheat
2011
In order to determine the effect of different aluminium (Al) concentrations on the seedling parameters of wheat and the effect of malate and citrate treatments as chelates for reducing the noxious effect of Al in medium culture and seedlings of two wheat cultivars, Darab (Al sensitive) and Maroon (Al tolerant) were grown on hydroponic solution (non modified Hoagland) containing AlCl 3 (0-100-200-300 M). Factorial experiment was realized in a complete randomized design with three replications. The root and shoot length as well as fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots were measured. Leaf area was measured by a special computer program named compuEyeLSA. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that, for fresh weight of root (FWR), fresh weight of shoot (FWS), dry weight of shoot (DWS) and length of root (LR), the main effect of genotype, Al concentration and their interaction was highly significant, whereas, in the case of dry weight of root (DWR) and leaf area (LA) traits, only the main effect of genotype and Al concentration were highly significant. LS trait only was affected by different Al concentrations. ANOVA indicated a significant interaction between genotype and Al concentration for DWS, FWR, FWS and LR traits. Therefore, a separate regression analysis was conducted for each genotype. We found difference in fitted model between two studied varieties. In the second experiment the effect of malate and citrate treatments was studied on reducing the noxious effect of Al in medium culture. ANOVA revealed that, there are significant differences among applied treatments on studied seedling growth parameters. This means that the application of malate or citrate is effective in some Al concentrations as compared to others.
Effects of aluminium (Al 3+ ) on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L
Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 2010
Effects of different concentrations of aluminium (Al 3+ ) on seed germination of high yielding varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated. Al 3+ at 500 ppm had inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling growth and its dry matter. Relatively higher root and shoot dry matter in Sonlika, Fang-60 and lower in Baw-923 and Protiva were found. Root growth of Fang-60 and shoot growth of all except Akbar, Gourab and Protiva were stimulated at low concentration (10 ppm). Root growth was more susceptible to Al 3+ stress than that of shoot.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014
We determined the length, volume, dry biomass, and density in seeds of five castor bean cultivars and verified notable physicochemical trait differences. Seeds were then subjected to different toxic aluminum (Al) concentrations to evaluate germination, relative root elongation, and the role of root apices' rhizosphere mucilage layer. Seeds' physicochemical traits were associated with Al toxicity responses, and the absence of Al in cotyledons near to the embryo was revealed by Al-hematoxylin staining, indicating that Al did not induce significant germination reduction rates between cultivars. However, in the more sensitive cultivar, Al was found around the embryo, contributing to subsequent growth inhibition. After this, to investigate the role of mucilage in Al tolerance, an assay was conducted using NH 4 Cl to remove root mucilage before or after exposure to different Al concentrations. Sequentially, the roots were stained with hematoxylin and a quantitative analysis of staining intensity was obtained. These results revealed the significant contribution of the mucilage layer to Al toxicity responses in castor bean seedlings. Root growth elongation under Al toxicity confirmed the role of the mucilage layer, which jointly indicated the differential Al tolerance between cultivars and an efficient Alexclusion mechanism in the tolerant cultivar.
Effects of aluminium on germination and growth of two different wheat cultivars
Acta Botanica Hungarica, 2003
The effects of aluminium on seed germination, shoot, root and dry weight of two wheat cultivars were studied. The seed germination of Triticum aestivum cv. 'Faisalabad 85' and Triticum aestivum cv. 'Blue Silver' was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by different concentration of aluminium as compared to the control. The increase in concentration of aluminium at 10 ppm suppressed the root and shoot length in T. aestivum cv. 'Faisalabad 85', whereas the reduction in shoot length was observed for T. aestivum cv. 'Blue Silver' at 15 ppm. A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in dry weight of 'Blue Silver' was observed at 25 ppm aluminium.
Bioaccumulation and Effects of Aluminium on Plant Growth in Three Culture Plants Species
Revista de Chimie, 2019
Aluminium toxicity is one of the major factors that limit plant growth and development in many acid soils, by multiple, and still poorly understood mechanisms. In this paper, the aluminium content determinations were done through atomic absorption spectrometry method, on seedlings of three culture plants, Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower), Sinapis alba L. (white mustard) and Triticum aestivum L. (wheat), grown in hydroponic conditions with different aluminium concentrations (50, 100 and 250 mg/kg) expose. AAS data were correlated with biometrical determinations (shoot length and dry biomass) and leaf pigments concentration assessment. Results emphasize that none of the selected species accumulates aluminium in aboveground organs such as shoots and leaves, indicating that root exclusion and/or sequestration are the strategies employed by all three species for limiting aluminium toxicity. In all three studied species, both average shoot length and dry biomass tended to be lower at higher aluminium concentration. Due to high variations among seedlings grown at the same aluminium concentration expose, these differences are not statistically significant. In sunflower seedlings, chlorophyll a and carotenoids had maximum values at the highest aluminium concentration (250 mg/kg), while chlorophyll b was more abundant at 100 mg/kg. In mustard, all pigments had their maximum concentrations at 100 mg/kg, while in wheat, an aluminium concentration increase progressively lead to a drop in pigments concentration.
Effects of aluminum on in vitro root growth and seed germination of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Advances in food sciences, 2006
Aluminum is one of the major elements becoming soluble in acidic soil and affecting plant development. To reveal the in vitro effects of Al on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), seeds were germinated on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of AlCl 3 (50, 100, 150 and 200 µM) with their control samples. The germination and root growth were investigated during a 16 daysperiod of the cultures. Root growth was strongly inhibited with increasing concentrations of aluminum. Peroxidase activity at the growing roots was also enhanced by aluminum stress. Lipid peroxidation and aluminum accumulation were histochemically confirmed with Schiff's reagent and haematoxylin in aluminum-stressed roots. Results could be helpful to understand aluminum toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in tobacco.
Effects of Aluminium Toxicity on Root and Shoot Growth Of Rice and Chickpea Seedlings
Bangladesh Journal of Botany
Increasing concentrations of aluminium progressively declined primary root length and number of lateral roots in rice and chickpea seedlings grown in rhizobox. It also inhibited the root and shoot length, dry weight of root and shoot of rice and chickpea seedlings grown in solution culture. On the other hand, it enhanced shoot/root length ratio and dry weight ratio for both the genera. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1195-1201, 2021 (December)