INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF UROPATHOGENS IN COMMUNITY AND HOSPITAL ACQUIRED INFECTIONS IN MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL OF CENTRAL INDIA (original) (raw)
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections both in community and hospital setting. Current knowledge on etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is essential for appropriate treatment and control of drug resistance.To determine bacteriological profile and antibiogram of community acquired UTI (CA-UTI) and hospital acquired UTI (HA-UTI). Midstream urine samples from patients suspected of UTIs were collected for routine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing and were processed according to standard laboratory methods. 32.66% urine samples showed significant bacterial growth. E.coli was predominant isolate in both CA-UTI (46.91%) and HA -UTI (38.77%). UTIs were found more common in females (63.37%) than in males (36.62%) and in age group of 21-30 years. Imipenem (94.44%), piperacillin -tazobactam (83.33%), amikacin (80.24%) and nitrofurantoin (79.43%) were found to be the most effective drugs against gram negative organisms. For gram positive organisms, vancomycin (100%), linezolid (100%), nitrofurantoin (98.52%) and amikacin (84.78%) were the most effective antibiotics. The prevalence of Extended Spectrum β Lactamases, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci and High Level Aminoglycoside Resistant Enterococci in CA-UTI was 37.62%, 26.31%, 55.55% and 33.33% respectively and in HA-UTI, it was 31.14%, 36.36%, 57.14% and 61.53% respectively. Our study revealed presence of multidrug resistance among uropathogens. Nitrofurantoin can be used as first line drug for the empirical treatment. Parentral drugs such as carbapenems, aminoglycosides and piperacillin-tazobactam can be used as drug of choice for complicated UTIs. Urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is strongly recommended before starting treatment of UTIs.
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