Activated Carbon as Adsorbent In Advance Treatement of Wastewater (original) (raw)
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Handbook of Environmental Materials Management, 2019
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This review article addresses the use of biological activated carbon in water treatment and its techniques for its development, with the premise of analyzing the potential of Activated Carbon (AC) in the treatment of water for human consumption. For this end, it aims to identify the techniques used for the production of AC, use and its benefits, production from vegetable waste for water treatment. Activated carbon has the ability to selectively collect gases, liquids and impurities inside its pores, which is the reason it is widely used in filtration systems and for that the treatment of water, the coal fulfills the function of adsorbent, retaining in its pores certain types of impurities: large particles that cause undesirable color, taste or odor in the water. In the treatment of effluents, coal is used for clarification, deodorization and purification of effluents.
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This research presents an approach of application Design of Experiment (DOE) used with municipal wastewater together with activated carbon for the adsorption process. DOE is systematic approaches to engineering problem-solving by determine the relationship between factors/parameters affecting a process and the output of that process. In other words, it is used to find cause-and-effect relationships. By using the DOE, knowledge and estimate the best operating conditions of a system, process or product can be obtained. Through this research, two types of activated carbon which one the Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) and Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) have been used as the main adsorption materials, to find the most suitable combination of factors that be that influences for neutralized the pH level in municipal wastewater. This DOE approach helps to eliminate non-value added factors while improving the time performance during the adsorption process. In order to initiate a successful ...
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Water contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has become one of the key issues in recent years that threatens human health and ecological systems. The present study is aimed at removing PTEs like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater using activated carbon (AC) as an adsorbent through different batch and column experiments. Results demonstrated that the removal of PTEs from aqueous solutions was highly pH dependent, except for Cr, and the maximum removal (>78%) was recorded at pH 6.0. However, maximum Cr removal (82.8%) was observed at pH 3.0. The adsorption reached equilibrium after 60 min with 2 g of adsorbent. Coefficient (R2) values suggested by the Langmuir isotherm model were 0.97, 0.96, 0.93 and 0.95 for Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb, respectively, indicating the fit to this model. In column experiments, the maximum removal of PTEs was observed at an adsorbent bed height of 20 cm with the optimal flow rate ...