Toughness Improvement in Ternary HDPE/PS/PET Polymer Blends with Compatibilizer (original) (raw)
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Toughness Improvement in Ternary HDPE/PS/PET Polymer Blends with
2016
Abstract: Preparing polymer blends is an effective way to develop new raw materials. In the present study, the morphological and mechanical properties were investigated of ternary polymer blends. Immiscible plastics: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polystyrene (PS) were blended, which can be found in post-consumer waste in large quantities and compatibilizer agents were also added to the blend. Three different processing methods, internal mixing, extrusion and injection moulding were used during the production. The results show that the best mechanical properties can be achieved if the ternary polymer blends are produced by extrusion followed by injection moulding or direct injection moulding without prior homogenization, and styrene/ethylene-butylene/styrene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA) was also added to the polymer blend.
Materials Sciences and Applications, 2014
Polymer blends based on recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE) and recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) with and without ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (E-GMA) as compatibilizer were fabricated in a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The effects of rPET and compatibilizer content on the mechanical properties and morphological stability of rHDPE-rich blends were investigated. The rHDPE/rPET (75/25 wt/wt) blend compatibilized with 5 php (per 100 part of polymer) E-GMA showed an enhancement of about 7%-26% in tensile properties and flexural strength as compared with those of the neat rHDPE. The strain at break showed a decreasing trend as the rPET content increased. The addition of E-GMA to the rHDPE/rPET blends was found to recover the blend toughness as well as improving the compatibility between HDPE and PET. In this study, the highest strain at break was obtained for the rHDPE/rPET blends at 75/25 (wt/wt) composition with E-GMA content of 5 php. FTIR and SEM analysis of the compatibilized blends confirmed the chemical interaction and improved interfacial bonding between the two phases.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2002
Two ways of recovering the properties of the scrap plastics poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and highdensity polyethylene (HDPE) were analyzed: (1) blending incompletely segregated polymers with a compatibilizer and (2) blending nonsegregated polymers with a small amount (2 pph) of another compatibilizer. The advancement of the compatibilization reaction in a twin-screw extruder depended on the residence time and intensity of mixing according to melt viscosity measurements and scanning electron microscopy observations. The acceptable mechanical properties for systems with different PET contents were obtained in blends compatibilized with ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate (EGMA) and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene grafted with maleic anhydride. For a blend with 75% PET and 25% HDPE, the optimum content of EGMA was determined to be about 4 pph, and a film was produced with this composition. Admixtures present in recycled HDPE migrated to PET during blending and accelerated the hydrolysis of PET. As a result of migration, differences in the mechanical properties of the blends were observed, depending on the brand of recycled HDPE used. EGMA was also successfully used for the improvement of mechanical properties of a nonsegregated mixture based on PET. Tensile properties of two compatibilized PET-rich and HDPE-rich commingled scraps indicated the possibility of using these blends for film extrusion, with potential applications in the packaging of technical products.
Properties and morphology of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and high-density polyethylene blends
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2001
Blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with and without a compatibilizing agent were studied. Both materials are widely used in the soft drink bottle industry. The compatibilizing agent was a copolymer of ethylene and methacrylic acid partially neutralized with zinc (Surlyn). The olefinic segment of Surlyn is compatible with HDPE, whereas the Surlyn carboxylic acid groups is affine with the PET carbonyl groups. The effectiveness of the compatibilizing agent was evaluated using different techniques, such as infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical properties. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1382–1390, 2001
Blends of High Density Polyethylene and Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate )
The grafting monomers onto polymers through free radical reactions, focusing compatibilization of immiscible thermoplastics, has encouraged the consumption of these polymers. In this work grafting of maleic anhydride onto high density polyethylene was performed in a Haake torque rheometer, in the presence of dicumyl peroxide. The functionalized products were analyzed by FTIR and titulometry. Functionalization reactions were performed with high density polyethylene. The maximum incorporation of maleic anhydride achieved was 0,48%. In the second stage, ternary blends of HDPE (60 or 65%), funcionalized HDPE (HDPE-AM) (5 or10%) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (30%), were performed in the Haake mixer. The morphology of the blends was evaluated by DSC and SEM and these analysis showed the formation of heterogeneous blends with the small degree of compatibilization when compared to the blend without HDPE-AM The properties were evaluated by strain curves and impact strength. These properties were inferior when compared to the original polymers but with improvement when compared with the binary blend. It will be produced plates made of blends to be used in civil construction. The aim of the project is teh development of biodegradable products with elastomeric characteristics.
Polymer Bulletin, 2002
Blends of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (R-PET) and high-density polyethylene (R-PE), obtained from post-consumer packaging materials, were prepared both by melt mixing and extrusion processes and compatibilized by addition of various copolymers containing functional reactive groups, such as maleic anhydride, acrylic acid and glycidyl methacrylate. The effect of the type and concentration of compatibilizer, as well as the mixing conditions, on the phase morphology, thermal behaviour, rheological and mechanical properties of the blends was investigated. The results indicated that addition (5÷10 pph
International Polymer Processing, 2016
The effects of the addition of different functionalized compatibilizers on toughness, morphology and rheological properties of a polypropylene (PP) – poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) (85–15 wt%) blend were studied. The three compatibilizers compared were: (Styrene Ethylene Butylene Styrene)-grafted-(glycidyl methacrylate); (Styrene Ethylene Butylene Styrene) – grafted – (maleic anhydryde); (polyolefin) – grafted – (glycidyl methacrylate), abbreviated to: SEBS-g-GMA, SEBS-g-MA and POE-g-GMA respectively. The effective grafting content was the same for all three compatibilizers. Before the comparison of the different compatibilizers was done, first the effects of three different processing temperatures and three different compatibilizer contents were investigated, based on the addition of SEBS-g-GMA. The compatibilization effect was significantly improved with an increase in processing temperature from 250 to 300 °C. The toughness was increased with almost a factor two and a decreas...