A Survey of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Trafficc Monitoring (original) (raw)
Related papers
Survey of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Traffic Monitoring
Handbook of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, 2014
In smart cities, vehicular applications require high computation capabilities and low-latency communication. Edge computing offers promising solutions for addressing these requirements because of several features, such as geo-distribution, mobility, low latency, heterogeneity, and support for real-time interactions. To employ network edges, existing fixed roadside units can be equipped with edge computing servers. Nevertheless, there are situations where additional infrastructure units are required to handle temporary high traffic loads during public events, unexpected weather conditions, or extreme traffic congestion. In such cases, the use of flying roadside units are carried by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which provide the required infrastructure for supporting traffic applications and improving the quality of service. UAVs can be dynamically deployed to act as mobile edges in accordance with traffic events and congestion conditions. The key benefits of this dynamic approach include: 1) the potential for characterizing the environmental requirements online and performing the deployment accordingly, and 2) the ability to move to another location when necessary. We propose a traffic-aware method for enabling the deployment of UAVs in vehicular environments. Simulation results show that our proposed method can achieve full network coverage under different scenarios without extra communication overhead or delay.
Traffic Monitoring from the Perspective of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Applied Sciences
The paper is focused on the development of the experimental web-based solution for image processing from the perspective of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Specifically, the research is carried out as part of the broader study on drone utilization in traffic at the Technical University of Kosice. This contribution explores the possibility of using the UAV as a tool to detect the temporal state of the traffic in multiple locations. Road traffic analysis is enabled through the detection of vehicles from the user-defined region of interest (ROI). Its content then serves as the input for motion detection, followed by the detection of vehicles using the YOLOv4 model. Detection of other types of objects is possible, thus making the system more universal. The vehicle is tracked after recognition in two consecutive frames. The tracking algorithm is based on the calculation of the Euclidean distance and the intersection of the rectangles. The experimental verification yields lower hardware...
Monitoring road traffic with a UAV-based system
2018 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2018
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming an attractive solution for road traffic monitoring because of their mobility, low cost, and broad view range. Up to now, existing traffic monitoring systems based on UAVs only use one UAV with fixed trajectory to extract information about vehicles. In this paper, we propose a road traffic monitoring system using multiple UAVs. We develop a method to generate adaptive UAVs trajectories, which is based on the tracking of moving points in the UAV field of view. Also we generate UAVs trajectories using mobility models that are usually used to model vehicles mobility. UAVs monitor the traffic on a city road, they are responsible for collecting and sending, in real time, vehicle information to a traffic processing center for traffic regulation purposes. We show that the performance of our system is better than the performance of the fixed UAV trajectory traffic monitoring system in terms of coverage rates and events detection rates.
Traffic Monitoring on City Roads Using UAVs
2019
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) based systems are a suitable solution for monitoring, more particularly for traffic monitoring. The mobility, the low cost, and the broad view range of UAVs make them an attractive solution for traffic monitoring of city roads. UAVs are used to collect and send information about vehicles and unusual events to a traffic processing center, for traffic regulation. Existing UAVs based systems use only one UAV with a fixed trajectory. In this paper, we are using multiple cooperative UAVs to monitor the road traffic. This approach is based on adaptive UAVs trajectories, adjusted by moving points in UAVs fields of view. We introduced a learning phase to search for events locations with a frequent occurrence and to place UAVs above those locations. Our approach allows the detection of a lot of events and permits the reduction of UAVs energy consumption.
Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Traffic Surveys
LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics
The paper deals with the topic of monitoring traffic using unmanned aerial vehicles. The main research goal was to test the possibility of using aerial vehicles for traffic engineering applications, especially for determining the traffic intensity on roads and for evaluating the data on traffic using video footage. The practical part of the paper focuses on the evaluation of data on traffic obtained by means of unmanned aerial vehicle at a selected intersection of roads. The data are evaluated using SW based on work with neural networks. A stationary system composed of an unmanned aircraft, camera system with a stabiliser, ground source with voltage converter, wire unwinding system and accessories were created by the staff of the ITB for the purpose of video recording the traffic from a 20-meter height. Such a tethered unmanned aerial system enabled a long-term operation in the air and a video recording lasting 1 hour at least.
UAV-Based Traffic Analysis: A Universal Guiding Framework Based on Literature Survey
Transportation Research Procedia, 2017
The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) commonly also known as drones are considered as one of the most dynamic and multidimensional emerging technologies of the modern era. Recently, this technology has found multiple applications in the transportation field as well; ranging from the traffic surveillance applications to the traffic network analysis for the overall improvement of the traffic flow and safety conditions. However, in order to conduct a UAV-based traffic study, an extremely diligent planning and execution is required followed by an optimal data analysis and interpretation procedure. This paper presents a universal guiding framework for ensuring a safe and efficient execution of a UAV-based study. It also explores the analysis steps that follow the execution of a drone flight. The framework based on the existing studies, is classified into the following seven components: (i) scope definition, (ii) flight planning, (iii) flight implementation, (iv) data acquisition, (v) data processing and analysis, (vi) data interpretation and (vii) optimized traffic application. The proposed framework provides a comprehensive guideline for an efficient conduction and completion of a drone-based traffic study. It gives an overview of the management in the context of the hardware and the software entities involved in the process. In this paper, an extensive yet systematic review of the existing traffic-related UAV studies is presented by moulding them in a step-by-step framework. With the significant increase in the number of UAV studies expected in the coming years, this literature review could become a useful resource for future researchers. The future research will mainly focus on the practical applications of the proposed guiding framework of the UAVbased traffic monitoring and analysis study.
Traffic data acquirement by unmanned aerial vehicle
European Journal of Remote Sensing
This paper presents a methodology aimed to acquire traffic flow data through the employment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The study is focused on the determination of driving behavior parameters of road users and on the reconstruction of traffic flow Origin/ Destination matrix. The methodology integrates UAV flights with video image processing technique, and the capability of geographic information systems, to represent spatiotemporal phenomena. In particular, analyzing different intersections, the attention of the authors is focused on users' gap acceptance in a naturalistic drivers' behavior condition (drivers are not influenced by the presence of instruments and operators on the roadway) and on the reconstruction of vehicle paths. Drivers' level of aggressiveness is determined by understanding how drivers decide that a gap is crossable and, consequently, how their behavior is critical in relation to a moving stream of traffic with serious road safety implications. The results of these experiments highlight the usefulness of the UAVs technology, that combined with video processing technique allows the capture of real traffic conditions with a good level of accuracy.
International journal of transportation science and technology, 2016
Acquiring and processing video streams from static cameras has been proposed as one of 27 the most efficient tools for visualizing and gathering traffic information. With the latest 28 advances in technology and visual media, combined with the increased needs in dealing 29 with congestion more effectively and directly, the use of Unmanned Aerial Systems 30 (UAS) has emerged in the field of traffic engineering. In this paper, we review studies 31 and applications that incorporate UAS in transportation research and practice with the 32 aim to set the grounds from the proper understanding and implementation of UAS related 33 surveillance systems in transportation and traffic engineering. The studies reviewed are 34 categorized in different transportation engineering areas. Additional significant applica-35 tions from other research fields are also referenced to identify other promising applica-36 tions. Finally, issues and emerging challenges in both a conceptual and methodological 37 level are revealed and discussed.
An Assessment for UAS Traffic Awareness Operations
Technology evolution in the field of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) will affect the Air Traffic Management (ATM) performance regarding to new military and civil applications. UAS, as new airspace users, will represent new challenges and opportunities to design the ATM system of the future. The goal of this future ATM network is to keep intact (or improve) the network in terms of security, safety, capacity and efficiency level. On the other hand, most UAS are, at present, designed for military purposes and very few civil applications have been developed mainly because the lack of a regulation basis concerning their certification, airworthiness and operations. Therefore, UAS operations have always been solutions highly dependent on the mission to be accomplished and on the scenario of flight. The generalized development of UAS applications is still limited by the absence of systems that support the development of the actual operations. Moreover, the systematic development of UAS missions leads to many other operational risks that need to be addressed. All this elements may delay, increase the risk and cost in the implementation of a new UAS application.
Corridor-Wide Surveillance Using Unmanned Aircraft Systems
2021
The motivation for this research was the lack of a protocol to apply an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) platform for traffic data collection and effectively analyze and evaluate incidents in high-speed multi-lane and freeway corridors. The ultimate purpose of this research study was to integrate the use of drones into real-time incident detection to assist in reducing congestion and delay, improve traffic operations, and enhance overall safety in the corridor and contiguous surface transportation networks. Phase I of the research project consisted of a comprehensive literature review, selection and acquisition of drones and drone training to develop the protocol, data collection using the drone platform and dual sensing technologies, and evaluation of vehicle detection algorithms.