Oral manifestations in a group of adults with autism spectrum disorder (original) (raw)
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Autism spectrum disorders and oral health status: review of the literature
European journal of paediatric dentistry, 2020
AIM Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterised by impairments in communication and social relationships and by a narrow, repetitive and stereotyped repertoire of activities, behaviours and interests. The aim of this work is to evaluate how these characteristics have an impact on oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search was conducted through MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science in order to evaluate the oral health status of children with ASD and the correlation between ASD and dental caries, periodontal disease, dental injuries, oral microbiota, as well as the different strategies, approach and treatments in ASD patients. Forty-six articles were selected. RESULTS Children with ASD are at higher risk of caries, alteration of the periodontal status, alterations of the oral microbiota and increased risk of traumatic injuries. CONCLUSION Since ASD is a haeterogeneous disease with a wide range of expressions in individuals, adapted and specific strategies are needed. ASD children rep...
Conditions for Oral Health in Patients with Autism
International journal of odontostomatology, 2016
Autism is characterized as a behavioral disorder. The autistic patient has some difficulties with common life routines, such as oral hygiene and also improper diet. As a consequence the refusal of physical contact, the implementation of brushing and flossing by caregivers is difficult. The present study aimed to conduct an epidemiological study of autistic patients in treatment at the Rehabilitation Center and Neurological Organization in North of Brazil, adopting the CPO-D and ceo-d. The clinical examination has been performed with the patient sitting in chairs, at the Rehabilitation Centre itself, under artificial fluorescent light intended for room lighting. From 26 patients included in the study, 76.9 % of subjects were male with a mean age of 13 years. Fifty percent had caries, and 11.5% had lesions on the gums. The mean ceo-d of children 2-8 years was 0.67. In patients 10-15 years and 20-40 years, the mean CPO-D was 0.70, and 3.00, respectively. From the study, the most significant data, seen was that half of autistic patients had carious lesions. It is vital to improve oral health conditions in these patients and by using preventive dentistry, analyze their susceptibility to oral diseases.
European Journal of Dental and Oral Health
Autism spectrum disorder is a group of neurodegenerative disorders that is caused by a physiological disorder of the brain which represents a change in its shape and structure and is characterized by difficulties with social interaction & communication and by restricted & repetitive behavior. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents with behavioral characteristics that can occur in the early developmental stages of individuals. Autism symptoms appear in the majority of children between the ages of 12 and 18 months. Early indicators of autism include challenges faced by the individual in making eye contact, being unresponsive to his or her name, having difficulty following another person's gaze or in pointing a finger to an item and having poor imitation with nonverbal communication issues. Because most parents are unaware of these "early" indicators of autism, majority of the children with autism do not receive a diagnosis until they reach the age of 3. Dental issues su...
Oral Health Assessment of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Special Schools
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
Background: Sensory over-responsivity is an important factor influencing the ability of children with an autism spectrum disorder to receive proper oral care. Dental care remains the most prevalent, unmet health care need for children with special health care needs. Aim and objective: To assess the oral health of children with autism in special schools. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to record the oral health problems of 142 autistic children attending special schools across the suburbs of Mumbai city in India. Clinical examination was carried out for the presence of dental plaque, gingivitis, caries, restorations, traumatic injuries, and self-injurious habits. The participants were divided into three groups based on their age. Results: Children with primary and mixed dentition had a higher incidence of dental caries when compared with the permanent dentition group. Good oral hygiene was observed in the study population with a mean OHI-S score of 0.88 ± 0.79. Traumatic dental injuries, bruxism, drooling of saliva from the corner of the mouth, and self-injurious habits were also recorded. Conclusion: Due to the nature of their neurological deficit and difficulty in providing dental treatment, it is recommended that preventive dental care be enforced on these children.
Dental caries experience, oral health status and treatment needs of dental patients with autism
Journal of Applied Oral Science, 2011
O bjectives: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. The aims of this study were to investigate whether children with autism have higher caries prevalence, higher periodontal problems, or more treatment needs than children of a control group of nonautistic patients, and to provide baseline data to enable comparison and future planning of dental services to autistic children. Material and Methods: 61 patients with autism aged 6-16 years (45 males and 16 females) attending Dubai and Sharjah Autism Centers were selected for the study. The control group consisted of 61 non-autistic patients chosen from relatives or friends of autistic patients in an attempt to have matched age, sex and socioeconomic status. each patient received a complete oral and periodontal examination, assessment of caries prevalence, and caries severity. Other conditions assessed were dental plaque, gingivitis, restorations and treatment needs. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test of significance were used to compare groups. Results: The autism group had a male-tofemale ratio of 2.8:1. Compared to controls, children with autism had significantly higher decayed, missing or filled teeth than unaffected patients and significantly needed more restorative dental treatment. The restorative index (RI) and Met Need Index (MNI) for the autistic children were 0.02 and 0.3, respectively. The majority of the autistic children either having poor 59.0% (36/61) or fair 37.8% (23/61) oral hygiene compared with healthy control subjects. Likewise, 97.0% (59/61) of the autistic children had gingivitis. Conclusions: Children with autism exhibited a higher caries prevalence, poor oral hygiene and extensive unmet needs for dental treatment than non-autistic healthy control group. Thus oral health program that emphasizes prevention should be considered of particular importance for children and young people with autism.
Oral health status of Italian children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
European journal of paediatric dentistry, 2021
AIM Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterised by communication deficits and repetitive unusual behaviours. The behaviour guidance of these children represents a challenge for the dental team. The aim of the study was to evaluate the oral health status in a group of Italian children with ASD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study Design: Sixty-four Italian children with ASD and 64 controls were included. Data were collected by means of questionnaires and clinical examinations. RESULTS Dental trauma (p=0.007), bruxism (p=0.001) and biting objects habit (p=0.021) were more frequent in the study group; fluoride exposure was lower (p=0.001) (chi-square test). The mean plaque index was 1.48 ±0.75 in the study group and 0.81±0.56 in the control group (p=0.001; Mann-Whitney U test); the mean dmft/DMFT was 3.00 ±1.2 and 2.3 ±1.8 in the study group and 1.8 ±1.1 and 1.0 ±1.1 in the control group (p<0.001; Mann-Whitney U test). Anterior open bite was more frequent in the study group (p=0.013; Ch...
Dental Caries Experience among the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in 3-15 Years
Journal of Nepalese Association of Pediatric Dentistry
Introduction: Dental caries remains the most prevalent, unmet health care need for children with special health care needs such as autism spectrum disorder. This study was carried out to help in providing a baseline data to enable comparison and future planning of dental services for autistic children. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the oral health status among the 3-15 years old children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Kathmandu. Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 80 autistic children of age 3-15 years. Dental caries was measure by Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS. Results: The prevalence of the dental caries was found to be 66.3% (53) with mean dmft of 3.03 ± 3.71 and DMFT of 0.51 ± 1.78 among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Caries prevalence was higher in females compared to males. Among the carious teeth 94% were untreated. Conclusions: The prevalence of dental caries was high in children with Autism Spectrum D...
La Clinica terapeutica, 2020
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in children with ASD, and to analyse the necessity of treatment and the prevalence of using general anaesthesia in order to perform it. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search was performed covering the last 10 years utilising the following databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, BASE, Science Citation Index, Science Direct, Web of Science. Four reviewers evaluated each study. Review findings were summarised using the PRISMA Statement for reporting. Thirteen articles were included in this systematic review. RESULTS When analysing the articles selected, the evidence turned out did not show a common DFMT and dmft for the groups of children affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder considered. When compared to group of unaffected children, groups of ASD children not always showed a higher prevalence of caries but always higher Periodontal Indexes (PI and GI), resulting in higher prevalence of periodontal disease. Where the tr...
An Update on Dental Outlook for Autism
Autism-Open Access, 2016
Autism or autistic disorder is lifetime neurodevelopment disorder described as major impairment in mutual social interactions, communication ability, and repetitive patterns of interests or behaviors. Since, globally large number of children affected by this devastating disorder, dental professionals should provide oral health care with family-centered approach comprising thorough understanding of parental concern, exceptional medical conditions, and vivid behaviours of each personality patient to improve the treatment planning. This article analyses oral health status, dental needs, complications and treatment of autistic children.