Error tolerance schemes for H.264/AVC: An evaluation (original) (raw)
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Error-resilient transmission of H.264/AVC streams using flexible macroblock ordering
2nd European Workshop on the Integration of Knowledge, Semantics and Digital Media Technology (EWIMT 2005), 2005
We present a novel scheme for the transmission of H.264/AVC video streams over packet loss networks. The proposed scheme exploits the error resilient features of H.264/AVC codec and employs Reed-Solomon codes to protect effectively the streams. A novel technique for adaptive classification of macroblocks into three slice groups using Flexible Macroblock Ordering is also proposed. The optimal classification of macroblocks and the optimal channel rate allocation are achieved by iterating two interdependent steps by means of dynamic programming techniques. Simulations clearly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over other recent algorithms for transmission of H.264/AVC streams.
Error resiliency schemes in H. 264/AVC standard
2006
Real-time transmission of video data in network environments, such as wireless and Internet, is a challenging task, as it requires high compression efficiency and network-friendly design. H. 264/AVC is the newest international video coding standard, jointly developed by groups from ISO/IEC and ITU-T, which aims at achieving improved compression performance and a network-friendly video representation for different types of applications, such as conversational, storage, and streaming.
2011 14th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems, 2011
The Scalable Video Coding (SVC) amendment of the H.264/AVC standard is an up-to-date video compression standard. The various scalable layers have different contribution to the quality of the reconstructed video sequence due to the use of hierarchical prediction and the drift propagation. This paper proposes a novel trapezoidal-unequal error protection (UEP) scheme which significantly reduces the redundancy but rarely decreases the performance by taking into account the characteristics of the video coding and the adoptive forward error correction (FEC) sufficiently. In order to optimally distribute FEC codes, the paper then proposes a layer-aware distortion model to accurately estimate the decrement of video quality caused by the loss of quality enhancement layers, drift propagation and error concealment in the scalable H.264/AVC video. Experimental results show that the proposed trapezoidal UEP scheme has better robustness and in the meanwhile reduces the coding redundancy greatly in different channel circumstance compared with the traditional UEP scheme.
An Optimized and Adaptive Error-Resilient Coding for H. 264 Video
TENCON 2006 - 2006 IEEE Region 10 Conference, 2006
The transmission errors in H.264 may propagate in the temporal direction. Errors in intra-coded picture (I-frame) will propagate into the associated P-B frame if they are in the same Group Of Picture (GOP). Therefore it is important to detect errors in the I-frame rather than in the P-B frame. This paper proposes and demonstrates an effective technique of Error-Resilient Coding based on bit-error detection and Directional Intra-Frame Concealment (DIFC) for H.264 video. The bit error detection is derived from multiblock checksum, chain coverage and remainder coding. DIFC takes advantage of flexible block sizes to deal with detailed movement areas and employs object edge detection to improve the accuracy of spatial interpolation. The results showed that the proposed directional intra-frame concealment has a better performance than the weighted pixel interpolation in H.264 software.
Layer-weighted unequal error protection for scalable video coding extension of H.264/AVC
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 2008
The scalable video coding extension of H.264/AVC is a current standardization project. This paper deals with unequal error protection (UEP) scheme for scalable video bitstream over packet-lossy networks using forward error correction (FEC). The proposed UEP scheme is developed by exploiting jointly the unequal importance existing both in temporal layers and quality layers of hierarchial scalable video bitstream. For efficient assignment of FEC codes, the proposed UEP scheme uses a simple and efficient performance metric, namely layer-weighted expected zone of error propagation (LW-EZEP). The LW-EZEP is adopted for quantifying the error propagation effect on video quality degradation from packet loss in temporal layers and in quality layers. Compared to other UEP schemes, the proposed UEP scheme demonstrates strong robustness and adaptation for variable channel status 1. Index Terms-forward error correction, unequal error protection, scalable video coding, extension of H.264/AVC.
An error resilient coding scheme for H.264/AVC video transmission based on data embedding
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 2005
For entropy-coded H.264/AVC video frames, a transmission error in a codeword will not only affect the underlying codeword but also may affect subsequent codewords, resulting in a great degradation of the received video frames. In this study, an error resilient coding scheme for H.264/AVC video transmission is proposed. At the encoder, for an H.264/AVC intra-coded I frame, the important data for each macroblock (MB) are extracted and embedded into the next frame by the proposed MB-interleaving slice-based data embedding scheme for I frames.
Error-resilient performance evaluation of MPEG-4 and H.264
Visual Communications and Image Processing 2003, 2003
Recent advances in video coding technology have resulted in rapid growth of application in mobile communication. With this explosive growth, reliable transmission and error resilient technique become increasingly necessary to offer high quality multimedia service. This paper discusses the error resilient performances of the MPEG-4 simple profile under the H.324/M and the H.264 baseline under the IP packet networks. MPEG-4 simple profile has error resilient tools such as resynchronization marker insertion, data partitioning, and reversible VLC. H.264 baseline has the flexible macroblock ordering scheme, and others. The objective and subjective quality of decoded video is measured under various random bit and burst error conditions. Keywords: Error resilient tools, MPEG-4, H.264, video coding technology
Analysis of Video Coding and Error Resilience Tools of H. 264/AVC in Wireless Environment
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2012
Recently more and more telecommunication systems are supporting different kinds of real-time transmission, video transmission being one of the most important application.In wireless environments, channel bandwidth and high packet loss rate are to main limitations in the way of delivering of a good quality video to the end user. Therefore, in applications such as video over wireless networks, a video codec should have ability to handle the erroneous situations of the channels well as the bandwidth limitations.H.264/AVC is the newest international video coding standard, jointly developed by groups from ISO/IEC and ITUT.It has several error resilience techniques to make a video bit stream robust in the erroneous channels conditions and also achieves a significant improvement in the compression efficiency. We analyze various error resilienceschemes and innovative featuresof H.264/AVC for real time video streaming .The focus of the work is to test video coding and error resilience tools of H.264/AVC in real timeenvironment over wireless networks.
Adaptive lossy error protection architecture in H.264 video transmission
2009
Systematic Lossy Error Protection (SLEP) is a robust error resilient mechanism which uses Wyner-Ziv coding to protect the video bitstream. In this paper, we propose a low overhead adaptive lossy error protection (ALEP) mechanism that provides a good trade-off between the error resilience and decoded video quality. The proposed method can generate appropriate redundant slices to provide proper error correction capability for varying channel conditions. The proposed method maintains good video quality at low packet loss rate compared to original SLEP and still provides sufficient error correction capability at high packet loss rate in our simulation results. It achieves 2-3 dB PSNR improvement at 5% packet loss rate for various video sequences in our simulations. I.
IET Image Processing, 2007
Flexible macroblock ordering (FMO) is a new error resilience feature in the H.264 (MPEG-4 part 10) video coding standard. The paper exploits FMO to offer a new classification algorithm for prioritised video transmission. Instead of using the default mapping structures of FMO, an optimisation algorithm in which the more important macroblocks (MBs) are categorised in a separate slice group (SG), which corresponds to high-priority packets for transmission, is proposed. The importance of each MB is determined based on its eventual influence on picture quality. This is assessed by considering the fact that the successful transmission of an MB not only enhances the quality of the associated pixels, but also improves the quality of its adjacent lost MBs by improving the efficiency of error concealment. It is assumed that the network can offer a prioritised service for successful transmission of the high-priority SG. Based on this, a vulnerability factor for each MB is determined, and a certain proportion of high-vulnerability MBs at each frame to limit the impact of temporal error propagation is intra-updated. It is shown, where the proposed mapping algorithm outperforms the default mappings of the H.264 codec, that this prioritised transmission will improve the subjective and objective video quality in situations with a high probability of transmission errors.