Tramadol as an adjuvant to intravenous regional anesthesia with lignocaine (original) (raw)
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Anesthesiology Research and Practice, 2016
Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) is used in outpatient hand surgery as an easily applicable and cost-effective technique with clinical advantages. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of addition of systemic tramadol or adjunct tramadol to lidocaine for IVRA in patients undergoing hand surgery. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II patients (n=60) who underwent hand surgery were included. For this purpose, only lidocaine (LDC), lidocaine+adjunct tramadol (LDC+TRA group), or lidocaine+systemic tramadol (LDC+SysTRA group) was administered to the patients for IVRA and the groups were compared in terms of onset and recovery time of sensory and motor blocks, quality of anesthesia, and the degree of intraoperative and postoperative pain. The onset time of sensorial block was significantly shorter in the LDC+TRA group than that in the LDC+SysTRA group. The motor block recovery time was significantly shorter in the LDC+SysTRA group than that in the LDC+TRA and...
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
INTRODUCTION: Intravenous regional anesthesia is simple, effective technique for upper limb orthopedic surgeries however adjuncts are required to improve its efficacy. AIMS: To compare the effects of adding paracetamol and tramadol as adjunct to lignocaine in intravenous regional anesthesia on onset and regression of sensory and motor blockage, analgesic requirements, duration of analgesia and side effects. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A randomized study was carried out on ninety patients who were undergoing upper limb orthopedic surgery, divided in to three groups: group I (L) received 3mg/kg lignocaine 0.5% diluted up to 40 ml with normal saline, group II (LP) received 3mg/kg lignocaine 0.5% with 300mg paracetamol diluted up to 40 ml with normal saline, group III (LT) received 3mg/kg lignocaine 0.5% with tramadol 100mg diluted up to 40 ml with normal saline. Sensory and motor block onset, regression time, intraoperatively and postoperatively VAS score, duration of analgesia, total analges...
International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR], 2018
Introduction: Intravenous Regional Anaesthesia (IVRA), though safe and effective, the search continues for an ideal analgesic devoid of side effects, which can be added to IVRA local anaesthetics to improve perioperative analgesia. This study was undertaken to assess the analgesic effectiveness of adding Clonidine to Lignocaine in IVRA in patients of hand and forearm surgeries. This was, further, compared with the addition of Tramadol and plain Lignocaine Material and Methods: This study was carried out on patients aged 18 to 60 years belonging to ASA grade I and II, undergoing upper limb surgeries lasting for less than 90 minutes. They were divided in three groups: Clonidine Group, Tramadol Group and the plain Lignocaine Group. Intraoperative and postoperative (up to 4 hours) analgesic parameters were observed. Results: It was found that the Clonidine was much better than Tramadol, which was in turn better than plain Lignocaine in terms of prolongation of sensory and motor action, tourniquet tolerance and duration of analgesia, without any complications. Conclusion: Addition of Clonidine to IVRA significantly improves perioperative analgesia.
Journal on Recent Advances in Pain, 2018
Objective: Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) is used for short procedures for hand and upper limb surgeries. In terms of analgesia duration and quality of anesthesia, IVRA with adjuvants like opioids, muscle relaxants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the efficacy. We conducted this comparative study for evaluating the effect of adding magnesium sulfate and clonidine with lignocaine in IVRA for upper limb surgeries. Materials and methods: Seventy-five patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I and II of either sex, age 18 to 60 years, undergoing upper limbs surgeries were enrolled. They were divided into three groups (25 each) according to drug received. Group L: 9 mL of 2% lignocaine (preservative-free) diluted with normal saline to make a total volume of 36 mL of 0.5% lignocaine. Group M: 3 mL of 50% magnesium sulfate with 9 mL of 2% lignocaine diluted with normal saline to make total volume of 36 mL, 0.5% lignocaine. Group C: 1 µg/kg clonidine with 9 mL of 2% lignocaine diluted with normal saline to make total volume of 36 mL of 0.5% lignocaine. Sensory and motor block (onset and recovery time), intraoperative tourniquet pain, first tramadol requirement time and mean tramadol dosage, quality of operative conditions, hemodynamic parameters, postoperative pain scores [in visual analog scale (VAS)] were recorded. Results: Both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, ASA grade, baseline hemodynamic parameters, duration of surgery, and tourniquet inflation time. Shortened sensory and motor block onset times were established in M group (p < 0.05). Recovery from sensory and motor blockade was significantly prolonged in M group (p < 0.05). Anesthesia excellence as determined by anesthesiologist and surgeon was significantly better in C group as compared with rest of the two groups (p < 0.05). There was statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in intraoperative VAS scores in groups M and C as compared with group L, throughout the procedure. Time to first analgesic requirement in group C was 43.04 ± 27.46 minutes, group M
2018
Aims and objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of tramadol as an adjuvant to ropivicaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia(IVRA) and to study the effect of addition of tramadol in respect of onset of sensory blockade, quality of anaesthesia and duration of postoperative analgesia. Introduction: Term ‘VENOUS ANAESTHESIA’ was coined by August Karl Gustav Bier, in 1908 and described an unusual method of producing analgesia of a limb. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of tramadol as an adjuvant to ropivicaine for IVRA and to study the effect of addition of tramadol in respect of onset of sensory blockade, quality of anaesthesia and duration of postoperative analgesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 patients who were planned to undergo upper limb surgeries were divided into two groups. Group A received 40 ml , 0.2% ropivicaine (preservative free) alone. Group B received 40 ml, 0.2% ropivicaine with 100 mg tramadol (preservative free). Assessment of sensory blockade, motor b...
2014
Objective: Aim of this study was to establish new synthetic opioid analgesic Tramadol as better agent for post operative pain relief. Material and Methods: Study consists of 25 patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries with the epidural anaesthesia supplemented inj. Tramadol for post operative pain relief. Effect of drug on vital parameters, onset and level of block, muscle relaxation were taken as indicators of study. Result: Tramadol when mixed with lignocaine was better tolerated without interfering each other. Duration and quality of anaesthesia was not affected. The age, gender and type of surgery had well correlation in both groups. The vitals as pulse, BP (systolic and diastolic), respiratory rate were raised in-group 2 (lignocaine alone) and significant prolongation of duration of analgesia 544.48±182.94 min in group 1 than 62.44 ± 13.82 min in group 2 was noted. Conclusion: The newer synthetic opioid analgesic tramadol with atypical clinical profile can be used epidural...
Objectives: Intravenous local anesthesia remains applied for brief techniques for hand in addition to upper limb operations. IVRA including adjuvants like opioids, muscle relaxants, NSAIDS raises effectiveness in conditions of analgesic period as well as excellence of anesthesia. Researchers led the current relative research for assessing consequence of increasing magnesium sulphate in addition clonidine by lignocaine in IVRA for superior limb operations. Methodology: Our current research was conducted at Mayo Hospital Lahore from July 2017 to June 2010. Eightyone cases ASA class 1 besides 2 of any gender, age 19-62 years experiencing upper limbs operations remained registered. Respondents remained distributed into 3 groups (27 for each) agreeing to medication obtained. Set L: 10 ml of 3% lignocaine (additive free) attenuated along with usual saline to produce the overall volume of 38 ml of 0.6% lignocaine. Set M: 4 ml of 53% magnesium sulphate along with 10 ml of 3 % lignocaine dilute through usual saline to produce the overall capacity of 38 ml, 0.6% lignocaine. Set C: 2 μg/kg clonidine by 10 ml of 3% lignocaine dilute along with usual saline to produce the overall capacity of 38 ml of 0.6% lignocaine. Sensory plus motor block (beginning as well as healing time), intraoperatively strap discomfort, period to initial tramadol necessity in addition to average tramadol quantity, excellence of operational situations, hemodynamic limitations, postoperatively discomfort points remained verified. Results: Mutually both sets remained equivalent in conditions of age, gender, ASA class, standard hemodynamic limitations, period of operation along with tourniquet increase time. Reduced sensory along with motor block beginning times remained recognized in set M (p < 0.06). Anesthesia superiority as established by means of anesthesiologist in addition to physician remained substantially improved in C set as related to remainder 2 sets (p<0.06). Here remained statistically substantial variation (p>0.06) in intraoperative VAS in set M as well as C as related to set L, all over technique. Time to Initial analgesic necessity in set C 44.05±28.47, set M 43.74±19.07 as well as set L remained 28.09±5.46 mins(p<0.06). Postoperatively VAS scores for 1 day remained better in set L as associated to set M in addition to C (p<0.06). Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate by means of an adjuvant to lignocaine hydrochloride for IVRA for higher limb operations diminish beginning of sensory in addition to motor block to larger magnitude as related to clonidine along with lignocaine only even though postoperatively analgesia remained discovered to occur for lengthier period laterally through clonidine by way of an adjuvant.