Three-Dimensional Model and Experiment of New Flow Field for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using CFDRC (original) (raw)
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Effects of difference flow channel designs on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell using 3-D Model
Energy Procedia
This research was studied to design of flow field on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell for distributions in reaction gas. The design of flow field was studied the effects of channel configurations of flow field plates on the performance of a PEMFC. Effects of widths, length and curve channel of a flow field plate were studied in an effort to optimize the dimensions of channel. It was assumed that the development of these design techniques with CFD will require. This study used three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was investigated the effects of serpentine flow channel designs on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This model was validated by the experiments. The numerical results were provided understanding the effect of flow field pattern design on performance of the fuel cell. This led us to a better design of gas flow field, which improves the gas distribution and water management. This research will investigate the relationship between ...
An effect of straight and serpentine flow fielddesign on proton exchange membrane fuel cell
2017
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is energy conversion device especially in future use in stationary and vehicular applications. PEMFC’s provide high efficiency and power density with null emission, low operating temperature, quickly start and long life. One aspect that is crucial to optimizing the performance of PEM fuel cells understands is the physics in the flow field and how changes in flow field geometry affect the performance. Hence, in the present study, a model of PEM fuel cell was simulated to understand the effect of straight and serpentine flow field on performance of fuel cell and to predict the effects of changes in the flow field geometry. Commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was used to extend a numerical three dimensional model of a single PEM fuel cell. Numerical model assumed as a steady state, including Navier-Stokes equations, phase equilibrium, governing electrochemical equations and energy equation. These equations resolved in order ...
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Flow distribution of both fuel and oxidant from the port to the individual cells critically control the performance of a PEMFC stack in combination. The low voltage generated in a fuel cell is compounded to usable value by stacking of cells. Under ideal conditions, a fuel cell stack performance is simply the sum of the performance of individual cells. However, this linear correlation is not achieved in practice. This is due to many reasons including poor distribution of reactants among different cells of the stack. Due to this flow mal-distribution, if the highest flow rate is adjusted at design value, other cells starve for fuel. Whereas, if the lowest flow rate is adjusted at the design value, other cells waste away the fuel. Hence, there is need to have accurate study of flow mal-distribution in a fuel cell and take remedial measures to reduce loss of output due to this flow deficiency. We present in this paper our efforts in this direction by simulating the distribution of fluids by analytical approach utilizing flow channeling model of a manifold to increase the power output of the fuel cell stack.
International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2018
A 3-D PEM fuel cell model with 3-pass serpentine flow field was developed to analyse the performance of the fuel cell. Simulations were carried out in the commercial ANSYS FLUENT 15.0 software with species concentration on the anode side as H 2-0.8, O 2-0, H 2 O-0.2 and on the cathode side H 2-0, O 2-0.2, and H 2 O-0.1. Along with the performance of the cell, key parameters like pressure drop, hydrogen mass fraction, oxygen mass fraction, liquid water activity and the membrane water content have been analysed. The results showed that when the cell was operated at a lower voltage of 0.4 V, i.e. a higher current density, hydrogen and oxygen consumption rates are high as well as water production rate. Finally, the proposed fuel cell model performance characteristics are compared with the available experimental data that shows good agreement.
Performance Investigation of Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell with Dean Flow Channels
Energy technology, 2022
A intersectant flow field on metal bipolar plate was proposed to improve the efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was employed to optimize the detailed constructions of flow channel. Polarization curve, current density distribution, oxygen distribution and water mass distribution were introduced as the criterions to assist the optimization of proposed flow field. A test system for PEMFC was assembled. The optimal operating parameters of PEMFC test were also proposed. The single serpentine flow field was introduced as the reference to estimate the efficiency of novel flow field. Results showed the optimal flow channel depth and porosity of the intersectant flow field were 0.3 mm and 0.5, respectively. The optimal operating parameters were also obtained based on testing experiments, i.e. the hydrogen flow 300 ml/min, air flow 500 ml/min and operating temperature 80°C. The comparison tests of the two flow fields released that the performance of the intersectant flow field was indeed better than the single serpentine flow field.
A three-dimensional, gas-liquid two-phase flow and transport coupled model has been developed and solved in the entire modeling domain simultaneously using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The model was utilized to simulate the velocity and local current density distributions and various performance influencing operational and geometric parameters of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells with conventional and interdigitated flow fields. The simulations are presented and discussed with an emphasis on the physical insight and fundamental understanding. Accordingly, some methods bettering the performance are suggested. The comparison between the modeling result and experimental data shows a good agreement. Keywords: proton exchange membrane fuel cell; three-dimensional model; transport mechanism; cell performance; computational fluid dynamics; optimum design
The simulation of novel annular shape on the performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage, 2014
In this article, one-phase and three dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis was utilized to investigate the effect of annular field pattern of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) with different geometry on the performances and species distribution. This computational fluid dynamics code is used for solving the equation in single domain namely the flow field, the mass conservation, the energy conservation, the species transport, and the electric/ionic fields under the assumptions of steady state and non-isothermal. The introduced cell consist of different novelties, such as the way in which reactant gases are supplied to the flow field, the design of the flow field geometry for both anode and cathode and the membrane electrode assembly design and the length and occupied volume decreases up to 40%. Obtained results showed that generation of fuel cells with annular shaped geometry with the same active area and inlet area gave intensively higher current density compared with conventional model. Oxygen, hydrogen and water mass fraction distributions, current density and temperature distribution has been studied. The main factors that affect the behavior of each of the curves are discussed comprehensively. Intorduced configuration allows for better flow distribution and uses of the maximum active area and diffusion from two side in each channels. Furthermore, the effect of changing the GDL thickness is presented in order to understand the effect of different parameters. Simulation results were compared with the experimental data and confirm the accuracy of model.
International Journal of Heat and Technology, 2013
A full numerical, three-dimensional, single phase computational fluid dynamics model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with both the gas distribution flow channels and the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) has been developed. A single set of conservation equations which are valid for the flow channels, gas-diffusion electrodes, catalyst layers, and the membrane region are developed and numerically solved using a finite volume based computational fluid dynamics technique. The present simulated single straight channel PEMFC model, accounts the major transport phenomena and the performance. Additionally, the effect of anode transfer coefficient, α an , reduction has been investigated on the fuel cell performance and species distribution. The results showed that, decreasing the anode transfer coefficient leads to lower magnitude of the oxygen and water mass fraction. In this way, the current density, which generating by the cell decreases too.
Hemijska industrija, 2012
A full numerical, three-dimensional, single phase computational fluid dynamics model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with both the gas distribution flow channels and the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) has been developed. A single set of conservation equations which are valid for the flow channels, gas-diffusion electrodes, catalyst layers, and the membrane region are developed and numerically solved using a finite volume based computational fluid dynamics technique. The present simulated single straight channel PEMFC model, accounts the major transport phenomena and the performance. Additionally, the effect of anode transfer coefficient, α an , reduction has been investigated on the fuel cell performance and species distribution. The results showed that, decreasing the anode transfer coefficient leads to lower magnitude of the oxygen and water mass fraction. In this way, the current density, which generating by the cell decreases too.
Transport phenomena effect on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013
Performance Finite volume method PEMFC a b s t r a c t The aim of this work is to present a two-dimensional transient model, of heat and mass transfer in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The model includes various conservation equations such as mass (hydrogen, oxygen, water concentration), Momentum and energy equations this model is combined with the electrochemical model. The objective of this work is to know the hydrogen, oxygen water concentration, temperature and pressure to determine the performance conditions of the fuel cell under the current density and permeability effect. A program based on the finite volume method was performed to simulate these equations system. The numerical results show that the gas distribution in the assembly membrane electrode (MEA) and the power density is affected by the nature of porous middle (permeability).