Essential Oils of Two Hypericum Species from Uzbekistan (original) (raw)
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils of Six Hypericum Species (Hypericaceae) from Iran
2012
The genus Hypericum is one of the most important medicinal plants that contain 17 species in Iran, three of them are endemics. This paper reports the essential oil composition of six Hypericum species from Iran. The essential oil analysis of a number of the studied plants has already been reported but their report from Iran may be valuable for scientists. Samples collected between June and August 2007. The composition of the essential oils from Hypericum was investigated on flower and leaf. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method and then were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Main components obtained in H. dogonbadanicum (endemic of Iran) on flower were phenyl ethyl octanoate(29.0%), terpin-4-ol (20.0%), and -phellandrene (12.9%), and on leaf were -pinene (54.3%), -pinene (12.0%) and p-cymene (11.0%), in H. helianthemoides on flower were -pinene (55.9%), Z-ocimene (8.7%) and -pinene (7.5%), and in H. hyssopifolium on flower were -pinene (49.5%), -pinene (12.9%) and n-tetradecan (5.2%) and on leaf were E-nerolidol (21.0%), n-tetradecane (15.8%) and -himachalene(13.3%), in H. lysimachioides on flower were -pinene (55.0%), Z--ocimene (30.7%) and n-tetradecane (2.7%), in H. perforatumon flower were E--farnesene (14.7%), n-hexadecanal (9.1%) and E-nerolidol (7.8%), and in H. triquetrifolium on flower were n-tetradecane (21.3%), -himachalene (14.2%) and -pinene (10.7%), and on leaf were -himachalen (27%), n-tetradecane (25.7%) and n-pentadecane (7.0%).
Essential Oil Composition of Eight Hypericum species (Hypericaceae) from Iran: Part II
Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products, 2013
The genus Hypericum is one of the most important medicinal plants that contain 17 species in Iran, three of them are endemics. This paper reports the essential oil composition of eight Hypericum species from Iran. The essential oil analysis of a number of the studied plants has already been reported but their report from Iran may be valuable for scientists. Samples collected from different places between June and August 2010. The composition of the essential oils from Hypericum was investigated on the flower head. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential oil yield and composition in H. androsaemum L.: oil yields (0.17%) and major components were longifolene 19.2%, gurjunene 16%, and -gurjunene 8.4%, in H. apricum kar. \u0026 kir. oil yields (0.50%), and major components were cis-piperitol acetate 24.3%, p-cymenene 21% -pinene 8.3%; in H. armenum Jaub. \u0026 Spach oil yields (0.20%) and major components were -cadinene 30.6%, longifolene 10.4%, and E-nerolidol 7.4%; in H. asperulum Jaub. \u0026 Spach oil yields (0.05%), and major components were -muurolol 17.6%, cis-sesquisabienen hydrate 12.5%, and germacrene B 9.8%; in H. hirsutum L. oil yields (0.05%), and major components were germacrene B 29.2%, citronellyl propanoate 7.9%, and -gurjunene 7.5%; in H.linarioides Bosse oil yields (0.15%), and major components were (E, E)-farnesyl acetate 16.5%, cis-cadinene ether 12.7%, and 1-tridecene 5.7%; and in H. tetrapterum Fries oil yields (0.08%), and major components were trans-linalool oxide 22.3%, p-cymenene 6.2% and (E, E)-farnesyl acetate 6%, and in H. vermiculare Boiss. \u0026 Hausskn. oil yields (1.74%), and major components were -pinene 61%, myrcyne 6% and E--farnesene 5.3%.
Industrial Crops and Products, 2008
The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Tunisian native Hypericum perfoliatum L. (sect. Drosocarpium Spach.) and Hypericum tomentosum (sect. Adenosepalum Spach.) were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Thirty-two compounds were identified in the essential oils of H. perfoliatum with ␣-pinene (13.1%), allo-aromadendrene (11.4%), germacrene-D (10.6%), n-octane (7.3%), ␣-selinene (6.5%) and -selinene (5.5%) as main constituents. Sixty-seven components were identified in the oil of H. tomentosum with menthone (17.0%), n-octane (9.9%), -caryophyllene (5.3%), ␣-pinene (5.2%), lauric acid (4.1%) and -pinene (3.7%) as the most abundant components. Both oils were characterized by the presence of many components which could have numerous applications in food, pharmaceutical and perfume industries.
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from Hypericum patulum Thunb. Cultivated in Iran
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2014
The leaf essential oil of Hypericum patulum Thunb. cultivated in Iran was extracted by hydrodistillation method and its components were identified using GC and GC-MS. Forty-six components, 82.2 % of total essential oil composition, were characterized. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (62.2 %) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (11.6 %) were identified as the main fractions of the essential oil together with small amount of diterpens (0.3 %). The most abundant constituents were β-pinene (30.2 %), α-pinene(18.3 %), limonene (8.4 %) and α-humulene (2.3 %).
Essential Oil Composition of Seven Bulgarian Hypericum Species and Its Potential as a Biopesticide
Plants
Hypericum species and especially H. perforatum L. are well known for their therapeutic applications. The present study assessed the essential oil (EO) composition, and antifungal and aphid suppression activity of seven Bulgarian Hypericum species. The EOs were analyzed by GC–MS–FID. Two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, H. perforatum, H. maculatum, and H. hirsutum were used. Additionally, the EO composition of H. perforatum extracted via hydrodistillation (ClevA) and via commercial steam distillation (Com) were compared. The second experiment compared the EOs of H. perforatum, H. cerastoides, H. rumeliacum, H. montbretii, and H. calycinum (flowers and leaves) extracted via hydrodistillation and collected with n-hexane. Overall, the EO constituents belonged to four classes, namely alkanes, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and fatty acids. The main class for compounds in H. maculatum and H. perforatum (section Hypericum) were sesquiterpenes for both experiments except ...
Essential oil composition of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. aerial parts
The Italian journal of biochemistry
The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Tunisian endemic Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Clusiaceae) was analyzed using GC and GC-MS. One hundred and nine compounds consisting of 92.2% of total detected constituents were identified. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the main constituents (59.37%), Alpha-humulene, cis-calamenene, δ-cadinene, bicyclogermacrene, eremophilene, βcaryophyllene and (E)-γ-bisabolene were found as the main ones. Alpha-pinene (10.33%) was detected as the main monoterpene hydrocarbons (12.19%). The oxygenated sesquiterpenes constituted (9.33%); caryophyllene oxide (1.38%) was reported as the main constituent of this fraction. The oxygenated monoterpenes were weakly represented (4.62%) and consisted of constituents in low percentages (<1%).
Essential Oil Composition of Hypericum perforatum L. from Cultivated Source
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2011
Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) is the most commercially important species within the genus Hypericum. A wild strain was cultivated at Pothiwasa (2200 m), Uttarakhand, India. Aerial parts were collected (the upper two-thirds) during the flowering phenophase and used to extract the essential oil by means of a Clevenger-type apparatus. Forty compounds constituting 91.0% of the total volatile oil were identified using GC-FID and GC/MS analysis. The major constituent of the essential oil was germacrene D (22.1%), whereas other important constituents were found to be b-caryophyllene (11.3%), a-pinene (8.6%), a-cadinol (4.4%), b-pinene (3.8%), 2-methyl-octane (3.7%), terpinen-4-ol (3.3%), caryophyllene oxide (3.3%), a-muurolol (2.9%) and spathulenol (2.8%). The chemical composition of the oil varied qualitatively and quantitatively as compared to previous investigations. The peculiarity of the oil composition from the sample investigated in this paper may be attributed to environmental factors, such as soil nutrient status and growth environment, as well as to the genetic features of the cultivated strain.
Hypericum sp.: essential oil composition and biological activities
Phytochemistry Reviews, 2012
Phytochemical characterization of several species of Hypericum genus has been studied for a long time. Several reviews, most of them on H. perforatum, have already been published concerning the characterization of alcoholic and water extracts as well as their biological activities. Studies on the essential oils of H. perforatum and other species of this genus have already been published, some of them reporting the positive biological activities of these essential oils. Additionally, variations on the essential oils of Hypericum species induced by seasonal variation, geographic distribution, phenological cycle and type of the organ in which essential oils are produced and/or accumulated have also been reported. However, so far, no review paper has been published gathering all the reported data on Hypericum essential oils and respective biological activities. Thus in this chapter we collect and summarize as many information as possible concerning composition and biological activities of essential oils and essential oil containing crude extracts of Hypericum species, as well the biotechnology approaches envisaging their improvement.
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The genus Hypericum L. belongs to the family Hypericaceae and there are approximately 500 species in the world. Turkey is an important center for the genus Hypericum where 48 of 97 species are endemic [1]. Hypericum species, especially H. perforatum L. (St. John's wort), have been used externally (wounds, inflammation of the skin, etc.) and internally (antidepressant) in the treatment of many diseases since ancient times [2]. More than 3000 studies have been published about this genus, primarily H. perforatum in the last decade [3]. Many investigations on the Hypericum species have been carried out to demonstrate their various biological activities such as tyrosinase, collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibitory activities, as well as antiinflammatory, wound healing, and antimicrobial activities related to the cosmetic field [3]. In addition, there are also plenty of studies about the neuropharmacological potential of this genus [4]. There are many works in the literature regarding the essential oil contents of Hypericum species. Hydrocarbons such as 2-methyloctane, nonane, and undecane, monoterpenes such as α-pinene, limonene, β-myrcene and cis-β-ocimene,
Essential Oil Composition of Hypericum ‘Hidcote
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2008
The essential oil of the artificial hybrid Hypericum ‘Hidcote’, one of the most cultivated St. John's worts in European and American gardens, was analyzed for the frist time by GC and GC/MS. Forty-six components were identified, representing 91.5% of the oil. The sesquiterpene fraction gave the highest contribution (68.4%), whilst monoterpenes amounted to 22.5%. The major constituents were β-pinene (11.9%), α-humulene (7.4%), β-caryophyllene (6.5%) and α-selinene (5.4%). Results confirm that hybridization may generate novel secondary chemistry in plants.
Hypericum perforatum L. (St. Johns' wort) is the most commercially important species of the genus Hypericum and contains a wide range of components including naphthodianthrones, phloroglucinols, tannins, xanthones, phenolic acids and essential oil. In the present study, for the first time the variation of the essential oil compositions among 10 wild populations of H. perforatum growing in Iran was assessed. According to the GC-FID and GC–MS analyses, a total of forty-six components were identified in 10 H. perforatum populations with relatively high variation in their composition. Among chemicals, 2,6-dimethyl-heptane (6.25–36.07%), ˛-pinene (5.56–26.03%), ı-cadinene (0.0–22.58%) and-cadinene (0.0–16.9%) were found as the most abundant compounds in their essential oils. The higher amounts of this components were identified in the oil of Azadshahr, Kharw, Nor and Mashhad populations, respectively. Cluster analysis grouped the studied populations into four different chemotypes: chemotype I (ı-cadinene/˛-humulene), chemotype II (˛-pinene), chemotype III (-cadinene) and chemotype IV (2,6-dimethyl-heptane/˛-pinene). In fact, local abiotic factors such as moisture, temperature, topography, edaphic and/or biotic selective factors (associated fauna and flora) act on loci of the terpene-biosynthesis pathways and contribute to the emergence of different chemical oil profiles. Intraspecific variation in the chemical profile of the Iranian populations provided possibility of selection of those with specific aromas or chemical profiles accompanied with biological document, being of interest at industrial level. Obtained results provided new insight for Iranian H. perforatum germplasm to be used in breeding programs and development of effective conservation strategies.
Chemical composition of Hypericum richeri subsp. grisebachii essential oil from Croatia
Natural product communications, 2013
The aerial parts of Hypericum richeri Vill. subsp. grisebachii (Boiss.) Nyman were collected from two different locations in Croatia and subjected to hydrodistillation. GC/FID and GC/MS analysis of the isolated essential oils revealed 64 compounds representing 94.7% and 98.2% of the total oils. Predominant constituents in both samples were: germacrene D (10.90%; 6.0%), bicyclogermacrene (4.7%; 3.5%), alpha-pinene (6.8%; 6.9%), beta-pinene (8.1%; 5.1%), decanoic acid (4.5%; 6.8%), beta-caryophyllene (3.3%; 7.5%), delta-cadinene (7.0%; 4.4%), spathulenol (6.0%; 9.5%) and tetracosane (3.1%; 5.8%). Comparison of both samples revealed similarity in the chemical composition with minor fluctuations of constituent percentages. The chemical profile of Croatian oils was in general similar to those reported for other geographic areas regarding major mono- and sesquiterpene constituents. However, spathulenol, delta-cadinene and bicyclogermacrene were more abundant in Croatian oils. The presence...
Essential oil composition of indigenous populations of Hypericum perforatum L. from southern Albania
Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) isolated from over-ground parts of different populations of Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) (HP) from southern Albania. The EO yield of 11 specimens of indigenous populations of HP ranged from 2.50 ml/kg to 11.00 ml/kg. GC/FID/MS analyses of the EOs revealed a total of 126 identified compounds representing 77.35–88.29% of the oils. Based on the prevalence of principal components, two types of EO were distinguished: pinene-type, which included seven populations with EO rich in α-pinene, and caryophyllene-type, which included four populations with EO rich in trans-(E)-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide. The information obtained can help to assess the potential of the studied Albanian populations for further sustainable wild exploitation to take it into a consideration as a resource of valuable genetic material or for further cultivation and breeding.aim of this study was to ...
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2010
The chemical composition of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Micromeria fruticosa (Lamiaceae) growing wild in Lebanon was analyzed. A number of samples were collected in the months of July (full flowering stage) and October. Thereafter, the essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. A total of nineteen and seventeen compounds were identified in each sample respectively, representing 92.41% and 87.8% of the total compounds of the essential oil (EO) in each sample respectively. A significant seasonal variation in the composition of the essential oil and their concentrations was observed.