A new wave absorbing quay-wall for wave height reduction in a harbor basin (original) (raw)
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Wave simulation for the design of an innovative quay wall: the case of Vlorë Harbour
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2017
Sea states and environmental conditions are basic data for the design of marine structures. Hindcasted wave data have been applied here with the aim of identifying the proper design conditions for an innovative quay wall concept. In this paper, the results of a computational fluid dynamics model are used to optimise the new absorbing quay wall of Vlorë Harbour (Republic of Albania) and define the design loads under extreme wave conditions. The design wave states at the harbour entrance have been estimated analysing 31 years of hindcasted wave data simulated through the application of WaveWatch III. Due to the particular geography and topography of the Bay of Vlorë, wave conditions generated from the northwest are transferred to the harbour entrance with the application of a 2-D spectral wave module, whereas southern wave states, which are also the most critical for the port structures, are defined by means of a wave generation model, according to the available wind measurements. Finally, the identified extreme events have been used, through the NewWave approach, as boundary conditions for the numerical analysis of the interaction between the quay wall and the extreme events. The results show that the proposed method, based on numerical modelling at different scales from macro to meso and to micro, allows for the identification of the best site-specific solutions, also for a location devoid of any wave measurement. In this light, the objectives of the paper are twofold. First, they show the application of sea condition estimations through the use of wave hindcasted data in order to properly define the design wave conditions for a new harbour structure. Second, they present a new approach for investigating an innovative absorbing quay wall based on CFD modelling and the NewWave theory.
Wave simulation for the design of an innovative quay-wall: the case of Vlora's harbour
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 2016
The sea state and environmental sea conditions are basic data for the design of marine structures. Hindcasted wave data have been here applied for the definition of proper environmental conditions at sea, with the aim to estimate the design condition of an innovative quay wall concept, for a more efficient dock design. <br><br> In this paper the results of a Computational Fluid Dynamic model is used to optimize the design of a non-reflective quay wall of Vlora's harbour and define design loads under the action of extreme conditions. The design wave conditions at the harbour entrance have been estimated analysing 31 years hindcasted waves data simulated through the application of WaveWatch III. Due to the particular geography and topography of the Vlora's Bay wave conditions generated from northwest are transferred to the harbour entrance with application of a 2D spectral wave model. Southern wave states, which are also the most critical for the port structures, a...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
This study examined performance a water chamber type of seawall to dissipate incident wave and also extract wave power. The model of water chamber is consists of two water chamber type. The low reflection wave resulted by flow separation in lower end of vertical wall and it occurs after wave resonant condition. This structure is appropriate for short and long wave condition. A horizontal plate was setup in the end of vertical wall in order to improve performance of water chamber type seawall. This trial test taken to dissipate much longer waves condition and it's related to utilize the wave energy inside the water chamber. Additional trial of the cross section, such as an adoption of a bevel edge instead of a right angle edge was also examined. It was seen that the seawall of a water chamber type with a horizontal plate is very effective to reduce reflected waves for both short and long waves. Also it was confirmed that large amplifications of pumping mode wave motions in the two water chambers appear for comparatively wide range of wave frequency
Wave reflection: small and large scale experiments on wave absorbing quay walls
2013
The paper reports on small and large scale experiments carried out to assess the response of prefabricated caissons with internal rubble mound in terms of wave reflection. The research was conducted to analyse the effect of the model scale on the structural response and the treatment of the scale effects. Physical model tests were carried out in the small and large scale facilities at Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, in Barcelona. The authors applied the Burcharth et al (1999) approach to treat scale effects and compared the results with the Matteotti’s ones (1991).
Reduction of Wave Overtopping and Force Impact at Harbor Quays Due to Very Oblique Waves
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Physical model experiments were conducted in a wave tank at Flanders Hydraulics Research, Antwerp, Belgium, to characterize the wave overtopping and impact force on vertical quay walls and sloping sea dike (1:2.5) under very oblique wave attack (angle between 45° and 80°). This study was triggered by the scarce scientific literature on the overtopping and force reduction due to very oblique waves since large reduction is expected for both when compared with the perpendicular wave attack. The study aimed to compare the results from the experimental tests with formulas derived from previous experiments and applicable to a Belgian harbor generic case. The influence of storm return walls and crest berm width on top of the dikes has been analyzed in combination with the wave obliqueness. The results indicate significant reduction of the overtopping due to very oblique waves and new reduction coefficients were proposed. When compared with formulas from previous studies the proposed coeffi...
Wave reflection on dissipative quay walls: an experimental study
2012
The paper discusses the influence of slope porosity and model scale for a low reflective vertical quay. Physical model tests were carried out in the small and large scale facilities at Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, in Barcelona, with regular waves. Matteotti (1991) conducted experiments for similar kind of quay. The results for small scale agree with the Matteotti’s ones, but the large scale tests lead to smaller reflection. This is due to the presence of scale effect at small scales. The authors applied the Burcharth et al (1999) approach to treat scale effects, as shown in the paper.
Effects of seawater–structure–soil interaction on seismic performance of caisson-type quay wall
Computers & Structures, 2011
The objective of this paper is to clarify the effects of seawater-structure interaction on the residual displacement of caisson-type quay wall after a real earthquake shock. The dynamic response of quay wall during earthquake, including soil-sea-structure interaction, is calculated using ADINA finite element program. A typical configuration of caisson-type quay wall is used for analysis and seven real earthquake records along with one harmonic excitation are applied as base acceleration. The results demonstrate that the influence of seawater-structure interaction on the permanent displacement of a caisson-type quay wall, constructed on relatively non-liquefiable site, is not significant.
Seismic Behavior Evaluation of the Hump-Back Block Type Quay Wall
A quay is a long platform beside the sea or river where boats and vessels can berth and loaded and unloaded. Gravity quay wall are the most common type of marine structures and some advantages of this type are easy construction technology, good durability and suitable costs. In safety of harbor facilities, gravity quay wall plays a key and drastic role in supporting of harbor structure against some probable dangers. Any abrupt movement or destruction that occurs by an earthquake may result huge economic losses and some irreparable problems. For better understanding of influence of some basic components, dynamic analysis on different geotechnical parameters such as; backfill elasticity module, backfill internal friction, backfill special weight, seabed relative density and wall’s concrete special weight have been done. A two finite element program PLAXIS 2D, is used to carry out all numerical experiments on a reference model. Results show that in all cases where the foundation soil is relatively soft and loose, a gravity quay wall shows more displacements at foundation level and unsuitable behavior to rotate towards the sea. This study has manifested a specific relation between soil seabed density and seabed width, moreover, in a hump-back quay wall maximum amount of settlement of backfill occurs at a predictable distance from the wall that it could account a different and practical behavior, in comparison with other types of quay wall. So, informing of these predictable behaviors could help us in achieving an optimized design.
Experimental investigating on the reflected waves from the caisson-type vertical porous seawalls
Acta Oceanologica Sinica
The hydrodynamic efficiencies of caisson-type vertical porous seawalls used for protecting coastal areas were calculated in this study. Physical models were developed to compare the wave reflection from vertical plane, semi-porous, and porous seawalls caused by both regular and random waves. Tests were carried out for a wide range of wave heights, wave periods, and different water depths (d=0.165, 0.270 and 0.375 m). The performance regarding the reflected waves from porous and semi-porous seawalls showed improvement when compared with those from the plane seawall. The reflection coefficients of the porous and semi-porous seawalls were calculated as 0.6 and 0.75, respectively, while the coefficient for the fully reflecting plane vertical wall was significantly higher (0.9). It was also observed that the reflection coefficient decreases with increase in wave steepness and relative water depth. In addition, the reduction in the reflection coefficient of porous and semi-porous seawalls, as compared to that of a plane seawall, was observed for both regular and random waves. New equations were also proposed to calculate the reflection coefficient of different types of seawalls with the aid of laboratory experiments. By verifying the developed equations using some other experimental data, it was validated that the equations could be used for practical situations. The results of the present study can be applied to optimize the design of vertical seawalls and for coastal protecting schemes.
Applied Sciences
The overtopping phenomenon at the rear side of breakwaters has particular importance in harbor protection. Undoubtedly, this topic needs to be taken even more seriously, considering the sea level rise. The present study focuses on the effectiveness in the reduction of the wave overtopping of a triangular parapet placed on the top of an innovative concrete superstructure. The last is part of the OBREC device (Overtopping BReakwater for wave Energy Conversion), an overtopping structure which is integrated into a traditional rubble-mound breakwater, to convert wave energy into electricity. Parametric laboratory tests, including the influence of water depth, have led to the evaluation of the accuracy of the main literature formulations and to the introduction of a new overtopping formula to take into account the influence of the parapet geometry. The results highlight the capability of the parapet in significantly increasing the hydraulic protection compared to a breakwater with a tradi...