Frequency of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Among Patients with Epilepsy Attending a Tertiary Neurology Clinic (original) (raw)
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US Neurology, 2011
There is a close association between sleep and epilepsy. In some epilepsy syndromes, seizures occur predominantly (or even exclusively) during sleep or on awakening. Excessive daytime sleepiness is common in patients with epilepsy and may be due not only to medication but also to nocturnal seizures or concomitant sleep disorders. Sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea can worsen epilepsy, with improvement of seizure control following appropriate treatment of the sleep disorder. Conversely, epilepsy and antiepileptic medication can worsen sleep disorders. Nocturnal epileptic seizures may be difficult to differentiate from parasomnias, in particular non-rapid eye movement parasomnias such as night terrors, sleepwalking and confusional arousals, on history alone since there are semiologic similarities between the two disorders. Schemes have been developed to facilitate differential diagnosis, although this remains a challenge even using the gold standard, video-electroencephal...
Interface of epilepsy and sleep disorders
Seizure, 1999
Obstructive sleep apnoea was first brought to prominence by Henri Gastaut, a French epileptologist. Since that time the interface between epilepsy and sleep disorders has received less attention than might be justified, recognizing that sleep deprivation is a poignant provocateur for seizures. Sleep deprivation is often used as a diagnostic procedure during electroencephalography (EEG) when waking EEG has failed to demonstrate abnormality. Patients referred to an outpatient neurological clinic for evaluation of possible seizures in whom sleep disorder was suspected, either due to snoring during the EEG or based on history, were evaluated with all-night diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) and appropriate intervention administered as indicated. Patient and seizure demography, sleep disorder and response to therapy were reviewed and the interface explored. Fifty patients aged between 10 and 83 years underwent PSG. Approximately half were diagnosed with epilepsy and almost three-quarters h...
SLEEP RELATED EPILEPSY A case study on sleep disorder in epileptic population
IJCRT - Journal, 2020
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological condition, which has drastic effects on an individual's lifestyle .However we do not have a complete understanding of manifestation or pathophysiology of seizures or epileptic conditions. This case study aims to bring out the strong association between sleep and epileptic triggers. Sleep disorders, sleep disturbance or poor quality of sleep are some of the frequently observed comorbid conditions in epileptic populations. In addition sleep deprivation highly influences the seizure triggers. The strong relationship between sleep and circadian rhythm influences the frequencies of the epileptic trigger in an individual. Some of the sleep syndromes are categorized under sleep-related epilepsy. The effects of sleep on seizure occurrence is varied, with respect to different types of epilepsy. On the other hand, sleep quality is affected due to the antiepileptic drugs (AED) or other treatments administered to the patient or due to epilepsy which occurs during sleep stages. The side effects of antiepileptic drugs (AED) may also alter sleep cycles. Sleep studies are proven important in treatments for epilepsy which can help in monitoring diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patients.
Sleep characteristics of patients with epilepsy with pure sleep-related seizures
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2011
Objective: Our aim was to investigate the clinical features and sleep characteristics of patients with pure sleeprelated seizures. Methods: Patients with pure sleep epilepsy were prospectively enrolled and their clinical, EEG, and MRI findings investigated. The Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) was administered after receiving consent. Results: Thirty-nine of 1401 consecutive patients (2.7%) with pure sleep-related seizures were included. Of these, 30 (76.9%) had epilepsy of unknown cause and 7 had epilepsy with known structural etiologies. Twenty-seven patients reported less than one seizure per month and 19 had been seizure free for at least 1 year. Thirty-four patients participated in our MOS-SS study. Comparison of sleep problems between those with epilepsy and healthy controls and between the subgroups with frequent and rare seizures did not reveal significant differences. Conclusion: Patients with pure sleep seizures had mostly undetermined etiology usually with a good prognosis, and this rare condition did not seem to affect their sleep quality.
Observational study of prevalence of sleep disorder in patients with epilepsy
2016
Background Reduced sleep quality with subsequent excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is found in patients with epilepsy. Aim To know the frequency of sleep disorders in comparison to control group to know the predictors of sleep disorders that have implications on management of patient with epilepsy. Materials and methods 199 patients with epilepsy and 48 controls, who attended Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences were taken into the study. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) are two questionnaires commonly used in clinical assessment of EDS and sleep quality. Results 24.6% of PWE are found to have problems with sleep disorders when compared to controls (10.6%). PWE had significantly higher scores when compared to controls in global PSQI total scores (3.78 vs. 2.43). Sleep latency and medication use (0.83 vs. 0.53 and 0.52 vs. 0.06 respectively) as well as sleep quality and sleep efficiency are poor as indicated by high scores (0.75 vs. 0...
Obstructive sleep apnea in epilepsy: a preliminary Egyptian study
Sleep and Breathing, 2011
Purpose The extent and clinical relevance of the association between epilepsy and sleep apnea are not previously studied in Egypt. What we wanted to know was the frequency of sleep apnea in Egyptian children with epilepsy and its influence on seizure frequency, other seizure characteristics, sleep complaint, and architecture. Methods All patients with epilepsy, aged up to 18 years, who underwent polysomnography were studied. Patients with any neurological disease apart from epilepsy, with psychiatric illness, had hypnotics, or sedatives or those with liver or kidney failure were excluded from the study. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to apnea/hypopnea index: group (1) patients without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and group (2) patients with OSA. For control group, we choose 12 healthy individuals, with age and sex matched to that of our patients. We studied the clinical characteristics of epilepsy, sleep history, and polysomnographic recording of the patients with epilepsy and the control. EEG digital and video monitoring was done for all patients. Results Eleven patients (42.3%) were found to have obstructive sleep apnea. Seizure frequency was significantly higher in the patients with OSA. Apart from apnea and hypopnea indices, all other sleep parameters did not differ between patients' subgroups. Hypopnea index in REM positively correlates with number of awaking. Apnea index in REM positively correlates with latency to deep sleep and to periodic leg movement. Conclusions and recommendations Sleep apnea is frequent in patients with epilepsy. OSA may contribute to increase seizure frequency. We recommend investigating sleep apnea in all patients with epilepsy.
A case study on sleep disorder in epileptic population
2020
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological condition, which has drastic effects on an individual’s lifestyle .However we do not have a complete understanding of manifestation or pathophysiology of seizures or epileptic conditions. This case study aims to bring out the strong association between sleep and epileptic triggers. Sleep disorders, sleep disturbance or poor quality of sleep are some of the frequently observed comorbid conditions in epileptic populations. In addition sleep deprivation highly influences the seizure triggers. The strong relationship between sleep and circadian rhythm influences the frequencies of the epileptic trigger in an individual. Some of the sleep syndromes are categorized under sleep-related epilepsy. The effects of sleep on seizure occurrence is varied, with respect to different types of epilepsy. On the other hand, sleep quality is affected due to the antiepileptic drugs (AED) or other treatments administered to the patient or due to epilepsy whi...
Updates in Sleep Neurology and Obstructive Sleep Apnea [Working Title], 2020
Complex interplay and reciprocal interactions between sleep and epilepsy have been known for centuries. However, newer technologies and in-depth studies have provided us with better understanding of this relationship. Nocturnal seizures can interrupt sleep, while a number of factors, including antiepileptic drugs and sleep disorders, can aggravate seizures. Interestingly, different epileptic syndromes may trigger increase in seizure frequency at a certain phases of the sleep-wake cycle, while others may not show any correlation with these phases. We aim to provide an overview of the interactions between sleep and epilepsy, and provide better understanding how knowledge of the relationship between these two conditions can help more effective management of both disorders.
Sleep pattern in epilepsy patients: a polysomnographic study
The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery, 2020
Background Sleep disorders and epilepsy commonly exist and affect each other. Patients with epilepsy often complain of poor sleep and on the other hand, poor sleep makes epilepsy control difficult. Objectives We aimed at comparing the sleep disturbances in a group of patients with medically controlled epilepsy versus another group with medically refractory epilepsy, from the electrophysiological standpoint. Subjects and methods Sixty epilepsy patients were included; half of them with controlled epilepsy were assigned as group I, and the other half with refractory epilepsy was assigned as group II. All patients had an overnight polysomnogram and sleep EEG done. We excluded any patient with abnormal general or neurological clinical examination. Results Patients in group II, had significantly delayed sleep onset latency and REM latency. However, higher arousal index, insomnia, and periodic limb movement index were found to be significantly higher in group I. Respiratory events; as ligh...