CEA in Activated Macrophages. New Diagnostic Possibilities for Tumor Markers in Early Colorectal Cancer (original) (raw)
2009, Anticancer Research
Background: Serum tumor markers show low sensitivity, making them unsuitable for early detection of cancer. Activated macrophages (AM) from peripheral blood can accumulate tumor marker substances and facilitate early detection in prostate cancer. Here it was investigated whether carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-containing macrophages (CEACM) can be used to detect colorectal cancer (CRC) at earlier stages than can serum CEA. Patients and Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from patients with CRC (n=48), inflammatory colorectal disease (n=5) and from healthy controls (n=18). After separating and labeling AM with CD14-APC/CD16-FITC, AM were intracellularly labeled with anti-CEA antibody and flow cytometrically analyzed. Serum CEA and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Results: The fraction-size of CEACM discriminated between controls and CRC patients, irrespective of AJCC stage (AJCC stage I-IV, p≤0.0001). Serum CEA values were significantly elevated in AJCC stage II, III and IV (p=0.02, 0.006 and <0.0001, respectively). Combining CEACM with CRP levels separated CRC from inflammatory colorectal disease. Conclusion: CEACM combined with CRP appears to have diagnostic potential in early CRC. Early detection of cancer in general is assumed to improve the possibilities for curative interventions and for this reason many efforts have been undertaken to achieve this goal. When Gold and Freedman presented carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (1), people had great expectations but in time learned that CEA serum assays cannot be used for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Both sensitivity and 3245
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Carcinoembryonic Antigen as a Marker for Colorectal Cancer: Is It Clinically Useful?
Clinical Chemistry, 2001
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Gastroenterology, 2008
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Annals of Surgery, 1976
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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Histopathological grading, which represents the degree of histopathological differentiation, is often used as one of the factors to determine the prognosis of colorectal cancer. However, this grading cannot comprehensively present the clinical features of the disease. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), as a tumor marker tested in the laboratory, is commonly used to determine the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in CEA serum levels based on the cellular differentiation of colorectal cancer. This was a cross-sectional analytical study on medical records of colorectal cancer patients who were admitted to H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, Indonesia from January 2016 to December 2018. As many as 52 medical records of colorectal cancer patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. These patients were then divided into three groups based on the histopathological grade: well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly-differentiated. The Kruskal-Wallis test was then used to compare the CEA levels in these different histopathological grades. Results show that the CEA serum level was different in colorectal cancer patients with different histopathological grades (p=0.020). The CEA level was significantly higher in the poorly-differentiated group than the well-differentiated (p=0.044) and moderately differentiated (p=0.015) groups. Hence, the CEA level of colorectal cancer patients with poorly-differentiated grade is the highest when compared to other grades.
Cancer Antigens (CEA and CA 19-9) as Markers of Advanced Stage of Colorectal Carcinoma
Medical Archives, 2013
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Prognostic Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in Colorectal Carcinoma
East African scholars journal of medical sciences, 2022
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