Crystal Growth of Novel Osmium-Containing Triple Perovskites (original) (raw)
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Crystallography and Chemistry of Perovskites
Despite the simplicity of the original perovskite crystal structure, this family of compounds shows an enormous variety of structural modifications and variants. In the following, we will describe several examples of perovskites, their structural variants and discuss the implications of distortions and non-stoichiometry on their electronic and magnetic properties.
Perovskite Materials: Recent Advancements and Challenges
Perovskite Materials, Devices and Integration [Working Title], 2019
In the past decade, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIP) have emerged as the exotic materials for the futuristic photovoltaics. The viability of lowtemperature, solution-processed manufacturing and a unique blend of electronic and optical properties that has further indicated its goal towards a potential commercialization. This article clearly articulates the emergence of HOIPs and various challenges such as toxicity, hysteresis in these devices. Additionally, this chapter also makes an effort to highlight the advancements made in the perovskite materials for solar cells in the recent years, that include the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase that has enabled us reach the power conversion efficiency of 28%. This phase is reportedly a lower dimensional structure than the conventional HOIP and exhibit better stability than the latter. This chapter also focuses to elucidate a few challenges of these RP phased HOIPs such as its synthesis, stoichiometry and process-ability in integrating the organic and inorganic entities.
The expanding world of hybrid perovskites: materials properties and emerging applications
MRS Communications, 2015
Hybrid inorganic–organic perovskites have emerged over the last 5 years as a promising class of materials for optoelectronic applications. Most notably, their solar cells have achieved power conversion efficiencies above 20% in an unprecedented timeframe; however, many fundamental questions still remain about these materials. This Prospective Article reviews the procedures used to deposit hybrid perovskites and describes the resulting crystallographic and morphological structures. It further details the electrical and optical properties of perovskites and then concludes by highlighting a number of potential applications and the materials challenges that must be overcome before they can be realized.
Novel Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Compounds Having Phosphonium Groups
ACS Omega, 2019
Organic−inorganic perovskites are composed of organic cations and [PbX 6 ] 4− octahedra, and the properties change depending on the type of organic cations. To identify the effect of organic cations and control the properties of the perovskite, thin films were prepared using quaternary alkylammonium and quaternary alkylphosphonium cations, which have big steric effects. A big steric effect can generate the distortion of [PbX 6 ] 4− octahedra leading to changes in properties. A thin film of a Pb-based organic−inorganic perovskite having quaternary alkylphosphonium cations was prepared for the first time. An exciton absorption was observed at a lower wavelength than other perovskites prepared from primary and quaternary ammonium salts. The perovskite with phosphonium groups was thermally stable compared with ammonium groups.
Growth of single crystals of methylammonium lead mixedhalide perovskites
Communications in Physics, 2018
We report the growth and characterization of different bulk single crystals of organo lead mixed halide perovskites CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx by two different crystal growth approaches: (i)anti-solvent diffusion, and (ii) inverse temperature crystallization. In order to control the size and the shape of crystals, we have investigated different experimental growth parameters such as temperature and precursor concentration. The morphology of obtained crystals was observed by optical microscope, whereas their intrinsic crystalline properties were characterized by single crystal as well as powder X-ray diffraction. The results illustrated that the growth and crystalline structure of mixed halide perovskites CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx could be easily tuned.
Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 2005
Applications of computer-based group-theoretical methods to perovskite crystallography are reviewed. Such methods furnish a systematic account of the effects on the high-symmetry parent structure of diverse distortions. New results are presented for elpasolites (ordered double perovskites) when both ferroelectric cation displacement and simple octahedral tilting are allowed. Group-theoretical results prove invaluable in assisting experimental studies of perovskites since, if the nature of the distortion is known, they limit the possible structures or, in relation to more extensive studies, constrain the sequences of structures that may occur. Spontaneous strains and the estimation of order parameters are brie¯y discussed. Group-theoretical methods are undoubtedly a powerful aid to the study of perovskite crystallography, and their computer implementation makes them more accessible than hitherto. 1 This article is dedicated to Helen D. Megaw (1907±2002), in appreciation of her many contributions to the crystallography of inorganic and mineral compounds, including her seminal studies of perovskites. Some of the material was presented by CJH in the Megaw memorial session at the 21st European
Materials Today Chemistry, 2020
Lead halide hybrid perovskites have received massive research attention because of their unique inherent photophysical properties that driven them for potential application in the fields of photovoltaics, lightemitting devices, lasing, X-ray detector, and so on. Perovskite single crystals and nanocrystals are generally synthesized via various low-cost solution-processed techniques. The emergence of simple growth approaches of perovskite structures enable to fabricate low-cost and highly efficient devices. However, toxicity of Pbatoms and instability of perovskite structures obstruct further commercialization of these technologies. Recent efforts have been shifted to discover novel, eco-friendly, and stable leadfree metal halide perovskite (LFHP) materials and exploring their different growth processes for various device applications. This review aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of recent progress report on LFHPs and will mainly focus on their growth processes in the single crystalline and nanocrystalline forms. This review also tries to understand how the perovskite crystal structure impacts on their fundamental properties. In addition, we discuss the current progress in various field of applications and their future aspects.