Index, Comprehensive Microsatellite, and Unified Linkage Maps of Human Chromosome 14 with Cytogenetic Tie Points and a Telomere Microsatellite Marker (original) (raw)

approximately 400 RFLP markers and a few protein Three sets of linkage maps (index, comprehensive polymorphisms (Donis-Keller et al., 1987). However, microsatellite, and unified) have been constructed the chromosome 14 linkage map was discontinuous, for human chromosome 14 based on genotypes from with only 6 markers in 2 unlinked groups, and this the CEPH reference pedigrees. The index maps conlack of resolution limited disease gene localization sist of 18 microsatellite markers, with heterozygosistudies. It was not until 1992, when the newly available ties of at least 68% and intermarker spacing no microsatellite markers and RFLP data were combined, greater than 11 cM. The sex-average comprehensive that the first continuous maps of chromosome 14 were microsatellite map is 125 cM in length and includes established (NIH/CEPH, 1992; Wang and Weber, 115 markers with 54 loci uniquely placed with odds 1992). In recent years, linkage mapping efforts have for marker order of at least 1000:1. The sex-average intensified, and numerous genome maps have been deindex map length is 121 cM, and the female-and maleveloped. In 1994 alone, no less than five whole genome specific maps are 143 and 101 cM, respectively. A unimaps were reported. One served to update a previously fied map was also constructed from 147 loci (162 published map based entirely on dinucleotide repeats marker systems), which includes 32 RFLP markers in (Gyapay et al., 1994; Weissenbach et al., 1992). Another addition to the 115 microsatellites. The sex-average length of the unified map is 128 cM with 69 loci strongly reflected development of markers utilizing the uniquely placed. Our maps are anchored by a microless abundant tri-, tetra-, and pentanucleotide repeats, satellite telomere marker sCAW1 (D14S826), develwhich offer significant advantages in the relative ease oped from a telomere YAC clone TYAC196, which exwith which genotypes can be accurately assigned tends the linkage map to the physical terminus of (Buetow et al., 1994). A third genome map demonthe long arm of chromosome 14. Furthermore, we strated the use of an automated system for map conhave also physically mapped seven of the loci by flustruction (Matise et al., 1994), and two others combined orescence in situ hybridization of cosmid clones or a variety of marker types (EUROGEM, 1994) and at-Alu-PCR products amplified from YACs containing tempted to unify previously reported genome maps the marker sequences. Together with previously esfrom several groups (Murray et al., 1994). In addition, tablished cytogenetic map designations for other a chromosome 14 map that included 13 gene loci was loci, our maps display links between genetic markers reported (Cox et al., 1994). However, in most cases it for 10 of 13 cytogenetic bands of chromosome 14 at has not been possible to compare in detail, or to intethe 550 genome band resolution. ᭧ 1995 Academic Press, Inc. grate, one chromosome 14 map with another, even though all have used the CEPH reference pedigree colmost part there are few if any ties to physical land-1 Present address: SmithKline Beecham, King of Prussia, Philadelmarks such as centromeres and telomeres. phia, PA.