Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and dimensional measurements by using CBCT in mandibular first molars (original) (raw)
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Changes in Root Canal Geometry after Preparation Assessed by High-Resolution Computed Tomography
Journal of Endodontics, 2001
Root canal morphology changes during canal preparation, and these changes may vary depending on the technique used. Such changes have been studied in vitro by measuring cross-sections of canals before and after preparation. This current study used nondestructive high-resolution scanning tomography to assess changes in the canals' paths after preparation. A microcomputed tomography scanner (cubic resolution 34 m) was used to analyze 18 canals in 6 extracted maxillary molars. Canals were scanned before and after preparation using either K-Files, Lightspeed, or ProFile .04 rotary instruments. A special mounting device enabled precise repositioning and scanning of the specimens after preparation. Differences in surface area (⌬A in mm 2 ) and volume (⌬V in mm 3 ) of each canal before and after preparation were calculated using custom-made software. ⌬V ranged from 0.64 to 2.86, with a mean of 1.61 ؎ 0.7, whereas ⌬A varied from 0.72 to 9.66, with a mean of 4.16 ؎ 2.63. Mean ⌬V and ⌬A for the K-File, ProFile, and Lightspeed groups were 1.28 ؎ 0.57 and 2.58 ؎ 1.83; 1.79 ؎ 0.66 and 4.86 ؎ 2.53; and 1.81 ؎ 0.57 and 5.31 ؎ 2.98, respectively. Canal anatomy and the effects of preparation were further analyzed using the Structure Model Index and the Transportation of Centers of Mass. Under the conditions of this study variations in canal geometry before preparation had more influence on the changes during preparation than the techniques themselves. Consequently studies comparing the effects of root canal instruments on canal anatomy should also consider details of the preoperative canal geometry.
2020
Background: The root canal system is considering the most important factor in endodontic treatment, due to the complexity of its anatomy and morphology. The aim of this study was to present a new classification of root canal shape changes in three thirds (coronal, middle, apical) in different age groups using cone-beam computed tomography scanning.Materials and methods: 300 CBCT scans for patient aged 20-70 were evaluated to study the morphology of the cross-sectional root canal shape in coronal, middle and apical thirds among three age groups; young (20-44), middle (45-59) and elderly (60-70). The root canal shape was classified as follow: round, oval, ribbon. Results: The cross-sectional root canal shape was identified in two groups: canals with an unchanging (constant) shape and canals with changing shape. In turn, in canals with changing shape, the change could be identified in the region of the middle or apical thirds of the canal. The results showed that root canal shape chang...
Validation of Cone Beam Computed Tomography as a Tool to Explore Root Canal Anatomy
Journal of Endodontics, 2010
Introduction: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) can provide dentists with high-quality 3-dimensional images of dental structures because of its high spatial resolution. The reconstructions of root canal systems given by the Kodak 9000 3D were compared with histologic sections to evaluate the reliability of the reconstructions. Methods: Nine intact freshly extracted teeth with closed apexes were scanned by using the Kodak 9000 3D (spatial resolution 76 mm and 14 bits contrast resolution). After reconstruction of the volumes, the outline of the root canals was defined by segmentation. Histologic sections were then made of each specimen at predetermined levels. After digitization (resolution, 0.5-1 mm), 2-dimensional cone beam reconstructions were compared with the outline of the canals obtained by histologic sections by using areas and Feret's diameters. The statistical analysis was performed by using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Strong to very strong correlation was found between the data acquired by using CBCT and histology: r (area) = 0.928; r (diameter) = 0.890. Conclusions: The Kodak 9000 3D appears to be a very interesting, reliable, noninvasive measuring tool that can be used in all spatial planes.
Evaluation of root canal morphology of maxillary molars using cone beam computed tomography
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2015
Objectives: The success of endodontic treatment is based on cleaning and shaping of the root canals. The root canals have complex morphology and wide individual variations. The objective of this study was to analyze root canals morphology and existence of extra canals in maxillary molars in Saudi subpopulation. Methods: Freshly extracted maxillary first molars (n=100) were included in this study. All teeth were examined for morphology of roots, root canals and apical foramen by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). The root canals configuration was classified using Vertucci's classification. Results: The majority of maxillary first molars (94%) were having three distinctly separated roots and 6% had four roots. Palatal and distobuccal roots were observed to contain one root canal (100%) and Vertucci's type I configuration. The mesiobuccal root had one (29.4%; type I) or two canals (70.6%; type II, III or IV). Conclusions: The occurrence of second canal in the mesiobuccal root of upper first molar is very much likely (>70%). The mesiobuccal roots are more likely to have Vertucci's type I or II configuration (>76%). The palatal and distobuccal roots always have a Vertucci's type I canal configuration.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Anatomy in Primary Molars: An in vitro Study
International Journal of Clinical Dentistry and Research
Introduction: Endodontic treatment requires knowledge of root canal morphology and its commonly occurring variation. The utility and relevance of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to the practice of endodontics is reported with increasing frequency in the field of endodontics for successful procedures. Therefore, the present study is undertaken to assess the variation in number and morphology of the root canals of primary molars. Materials and methods: Extracted primary molars with at least two-thirds of intact root, and 7 to 12 mm length were cleaned in water and stored in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 week. Thereafter, the anatomy of the root canals of these primary molars was assessed through CBCT. Results: In the present study, the majority of canals were ribbon shaped. Accessory canals were few and maximum number was found to be present in mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar and the least in mesiobuccal root of mandibular second molar. Conclusion: The CBCT proved to be as accurate as the gold standard in studying the presence of accessory canals with clinical applicability. This study highlights the usefulness of CBCT imaging for accurate diagnosis of the unusual canal morphology.
Evaluation of mandibular premolars root canal morphology by cone beam computed tomography
Caspian Journal of Dental Research, 2018
Introduction: To achieve a successful endodontic treatment, the clinician has to identify the different canal configurations.mandibular premolars have the wide variety of root canal morphology and they are known as the most difficult teeth to treat in endodontics.CBCT provides a non-invasive 3D confirmatory diagnosis as a complement to conventional radiography.The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology inmandibular premolars using CBCT technology. Materials & Methods: A total of 114 cone-beam computed tomographic images including 228 mandibular first premolars and 228 mandibular second premolars with fully developed roots, were investigated.The CBCT images were collected from private oral and maxillofacial radiology centers in Isfahan, were examined in axial section and the information of each tooth was recorded by three examiners. Then, the data were analyzed by computer analysis such as; t-test, McNamara, chi-square test. Results: Of the first premolars 89.56% had a single canal and 10.09% had two canals and 0.44% was C shaped. Of the second premolars 97.37% had one canal and 2.19% had two canals. None of mandibular premolars had three canals and just one C-shaped canal was observed (0.44 %). There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of the diversity of canals and gender. Conclusion: In this study, most of the mandibular premolars had single canal and first mandibular premolars were five times more likely to have two canals than second premolars.
International Endodontic Journal, 2009
Aim To evaluate the use of peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) for qualitative and quantitative analysis of root canal anatomy and for assessing the extent of canal enlargement during root canal instrumentation. Summary The volume variation achieved by S1 ProTaper instruments in the coronal third of the root canals was analysed using peripheral computed tomography. The tooth was scanned in the horizontal plane producing 36 consecutive cross-sectional images. All images were the result of 360 projections with a section thickness of 250 lm, a distance between slices of 0.5 mm and an in-plane pixel size of 70 • 70 lm. The evaluation was completed before and after S1 ProTaper instrumentation (with or without circumferential filing) of one root canal of a freshly extracted maxillary first premolar tooth. The acquired images were realigned geometrically and processed using a 3D visualization software. pQCT scanning allowed 3D reconstruction of the root canal anatomy and the assessment of the extent of canal enlargement during root canal instrumentation with lateral displacement of canal walls and hence volume change being greater than the coefficient of variation. The densitometry evaluation showed uniform density along the root canal wall. Key learning points • pQCT scanning allowed 3D reconstruction of the root canal anatomy and the assessment of the extent of canal enlargement during root canal instrumentation. • pQCT shows promise for allowing qualitative and quantitative analysis of endodontic procedures.
Iranian endodontic journal, 2016
The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), digital radiography and tooth sectioning in evaluating root canal morphology of mandibular incisors in an in vitro setting. A total of 76 samples were imaged using CBCT, and digital radiography in straight and angled views. The samples were then sectioned at different distances from the apex for further visualization under stereomicroscope. The agreement between the observers was statistically analyzed by kappa correlation coefficient and the chi-square test. The results showed that the majority of the samples had a single canal (Vertucci's Type I). CBCT analysis reported more frequent multi-canal roots in comparison with the other techniques. In pairwise comparisons, the highest agreement was found between digital radiographic imaging and microscopic cross-sectioning both in terms of canal configuration and the number of root canals. None of the used imaging techniques per se could adequa...