Beyond Tech Transfer: A More Comprehensive Approach to Measuring the Entrepreneurial University (original) (raw)
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Getting out of the ivory tower – new perspectives on the entrepreneurial university
European J. of International Management, 2008
Based on theoretical considerations about the 'third mission' of universities and the discussion of different types of university-industry relations, we conclude that the entrepreneurial university is a manifold institution with direct mechanisms to support the transfer of technology from academia to industry as well as indirect mechanisms in support of new business activities via entrepreneurship education. While existing literature usually deals with one or another linking mechanism separately, our central hypothesis is that direct and indirect mechanisms should be interrelated and mutually complementary. We emphasise the importance of a more holistic view of the entrepreneurial university and empirically investigate the scope and interrelatedness of direct technology transfer mechanisms and indirect mechanisms, such as entrepreneurship education at German universities. We find a variety of activities in both fields and most universities' technology transfer facilities and the providers of entrepreneurship education co-operate in support of innovative start-ups.
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca Agriculture, 2012
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Universities are under increasing political pressure to assert, measure, and improve their impact on national wellbeing, with attention primarily to economic growth, job creation, and competitiveness. Universities receive significant public resources for research and policymakers wish to hold them accountable for those investments. Policymakers also want universities to be more responsive to market forces, more entrepreneurial, and more attuned to the needs of industry. Consequently, the government accountability crunch on university is focusing on technology transfer, the complex work done at the interface of research and productive organizations.
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The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2000
This paper argues that it is important to devote greater attention to the study of entrepreneurship in technology transfer in the light of greater government attention, the growth in the phenomenon, the need to identify how wealth can be created from spin-outs, changes in the cultures of universities and differences with technological entrepreneurship in general. The paper summarizes the contributions made by the papers presented in the special issue in terms of their levels of analysis. At the spin-out level, issues are raised concerning identification of typologies of spin-out firms, the evolution of spin-outs and external resources. At the university level, issues concerning policies, internal resources and processes are discussed. An agenda for further research is elaborated which relates to the need to examine further levels of analysis: the academic entrepreneurs themselves and how they recognize opportunities and shape their ideas to meet the market; the nature of internal university environments, processes and resources; and the nature of the scientific discipline which may have implications for the process of creation and development of spin-out ventures.