Production and Comparison of Peptide Siderophores from Strains of Distantly Related Pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas viridiflava LMG 2352 (original) (raw)
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Biometals, 1994
Several iron binding metabolites (siderophores) of Pseudomonasfluorescens B10 (JL-3133) have been detected using Cls reverse phase HPLC coupled with photodiode array detection methods. This analysis utilized a volatile mobile phase of 90% 20 mM NH4HCO3/10% MeOH, pH 6.5. It has been shown to be applicable to other P. fluorescens strains for the detection of related metabolites. Direct scale-up of the analytical HPLC conditions allowed for the efficient preparative isolation of pseudobactin, the principle siderophore produced by P. fluorescens B10 (JL-3133).
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2020
Pseudomonas fluorescens has the ability to produce the siderophore pyoverdine, a biotechnologically significant iron chelator, which has a wide range of potential applications, such as in agriculture (iron fertilizers) and medicine (development of antibiotics). The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of culture medium composition on the production of siderophores by P. fluorescens DSM 50090, an industrial relevant strain. It was found that the bacterium grown in minimal medium succinate (MMS) had a higher siderophore production than in King B medium. The replacement of succinate by glycerol or dextrose, in minimal medium, originated lower siderophore production. The increase of succinate concentration, the addition of amino acids or the reduction of phosphate in the culture medium did not improve siderophore production by P. fluorescens. The results obtained strongly suggest that (i) MMS is more appropriate than King B for large-scale production of siderophores; (ii) the modification of the culture medium composition, particularly the type of carbon source, influences the level of siderophore secreted; (iii) the production of siderophore by P. fluorescens seems to be a tightly regulated process; once a maximum siderophore concentration has been reached in the culture medium, the bacterium seems to be unable to produce more compound.
Bioscience, 2018
Pseudomonad fluorescent is one of the rhizobacteria groups that could potentially be developed as a crop endurance inducer. Several species of fluorescent pseudomonad are able to produce siderophores. Siderophore is an antimicrobial organic compound that plays a role in biological control of plant diseases. This study aims to determine the best carbon source for the production of siderophores from the fluorescent pseudomonad isolates PfCas3 and PfLAHp2. The carbon sources are fructose, glucose, and glycerol. Detection of siderophores was measured using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 410 nm. The results showed that the best growth medium for producing siderophores was KB + glucose medium for both PfCas3 and PfLAHp2 isolates. The best combination was the use of PfCas3 isolate with the addition of carbon glucose source which resulted in the production of siderophores of 1.574.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2002
A total of 301 strains of fluorescent pseudomonads previously characterized by conventional phenotypic and/or genomic taxonomic methods were analyzed through siderotyping, i.e., by the isoelectrophoretic characterization of their main siderophores and pyoverdines and determination of the pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake specificity of the strains. As a general rule, strains within a well-circumscribed taxonomic group, namely the species Pseudomonas brassicacearum , Pseudomonas fuscovaginae , Pseudomonas jessenii , Pseudomonas mandelii , Pseudomonas monteilii , “ Pseudomonas mosselii ,” “ Pseudomonas palleronii ,” Pseudomonas rhodesiae , “ Pseudomonas salomonii ,” Pseudomonas syringae , Pseudomonas thivervalensis , Pseudomonas tolaasii , and Pseudomonas veronii and the genomospecies FP1, FP2, and FP3 produced an identical pyoverdine which, in addition, was characteristic of the group, since it was structurally different from the pyoverdines produced by the other groups. In contrast, 2...
Journal of Applied Microbiology - J APPL MICROBIOL, 1991
A number of pseudomonad bacteria were investigated for their in vitro antagonism on agar against Pseudornonas tolaasii, the causative agent of bacterial blotch of the cultivated mushroom. Addition of FeCl, to the culture medium suppressed the antagonism in 14 of the 20 bacteria tested and t h e production of a substance with an absorption peak a t 400 n m by all antagonists was eliminated by the presence of Fe3 +. Both observations indicated that siderophores could be involved in the mode of action of some antagonists. T h e addition of the iron chelators EDTA and bipyridyl to the medium used for culture of antagonists and pathogens did not generally prevent growth. Siderophore production is not essential for the in vivo activity of antagonists. Correspondence to : Projessor J . M . Lynch, Institute uf Horticultural Researi h, Ldehampton, West Susses B.Vl7 6LP, UK.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2010
The use of naturally occurring microbial antagonists to suppress plant diseases offers a favorable alternative to classical methods of plant protection. The soybean epiphyte Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strain 22d/93 shows great potential for controlling P. syringae pv. glycinea, the causal agent of bacterial blight of soybean. Its activity against P. syringae pv. glycinea is highly reproducible even in field trials, and the suppression mechanisms involved are of special interest. In this work we demonstrated that P. syringae pv. syringae 22d/93 produced a significantly larger amount of siderophores than the pathogen P. syringae pv. glycinea produced. While P. syringae pv. syringae 22d/93 and P. syringae pv. glycinea produce the same siderophores, achromobactin and pyoverdin, the regulation of siderophore biosynthesis in the former organism is very different from that in the latter organism. The epiphytic fitness of P. syringae pv. syringae 22d/93 mutants defective in siderophore biosynthesis was determined following spray inoculation of soybean leaves. The population size of the siderophore-negative mutant P. syringae pv. syringae strain 22d/93⌬Sid was 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the wild type 10 days after inoculation. The growth deficiency was compensated for when wound inoculation was used, indicating the availability of iron in the presence of small lesions on the leaves. Our results suggest that siderophore production has an indirect effect on the biocontrol activity of P. syringae pv. syringae 22d/93. Although siderophore-defective mutants of P. syringae pv. syringae 22d/93 still suppressed development of bacterial blight caused by P. syringae pv. glycinea, siderophore production enhanced the epiphytic fitness and thus the competitiveness of the antagonist.
Siderophores and Pathogenecity of Microorganisms
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Introduction: The ability of pathogenic microorganisms of obtaining iron from host is essential for its survival. Microorganisms require iron for a variety of metabolic processes, so they synthesize and secrete small organic molecules called siderophores that actively chelate iron. The study was carried out to compare the results of siderophore produced by commensals & clinical isolates and co-relate it to pathogenecity. Materials & Methods: D De et te ec ct ti io on n o of f m mi ic cr ro ob bi ia al l s si id de er ro op ph ho or re e p pr ro od du uc ct ti io on n w wa as s c ca ar rr ri ie ed d o ou ut t q qu ua al li it ta at ti iv ve el ly y b by y t th he e chrome azurol sulfonate (CAS) p pl la at te e a as ss sa ay y.. Spectrophotometric assay (Liquid CAS assay) was used for quantitative estimation of siderophore produced by the organisms. Qualitative assay for determining type of siderophore was also carried by Arnow's & Csaky's methods. Results: The commensals & the isolates from clinical samples did not show any significant difference in the production of siderophore. It was also observed that the optimum condition for siderophore production by both the commensals & the clinical isolates was at 37 0 C for 24 hours with aeration in an iron deficient medium. Conclusion: One cannot use siderophore production as a determinant of virulence of an organism. Thus, it is concluded that siderophore production may be a necessary feature of a bacterium, but not a determinant of virulence. The siderophore producing potential of a pathogen in vivo cannot be decided on basis of in-vitro assays. But applications of siderophores could be many if well studied.
International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 2018
Siderophores are organic compounds with low molecular masses that are produced by microorganisms. Under the iron-restricted condition, many bacteria produce iron chealating siderophores. Siderophore chealate iron and supply to bacterial cell by outer membrane receptors. A great variation is seen in siderophore structure produced by many bacteria. Bacterial strains also produce fluorescence as the one like Pseudomonas fluorescence. They are prevalent in compost soil environment. They have received much attention in recent years because of their potential roles and application in various areas of environmental research. Their significance is because of their ability to kill bacterial and fungal pathogens. They act as an antibiotic and they have a wide range of chemical structures and specific properties. Even though siderophores have been reported from a variety of organisms inhabiting diverse environments. The study of marine siderophores is in its infancy as compared to their terrestr...
Biometals, 1994
Siderophores are microbial, low molecular weight iron-chelating compounds. Fluorescent Pseudomonads produce different, strain-specific fluorescent siderophores (pyoverdines) as well as non-fluorescent siderophores in response to low iron conditions. We present an isoelectric focusing method applicable to unpurified as well as to purified pyoverdine samples where the fluorescent siderophores are visualized under UV illumination. Siderophores from different Pseudomonas sp., amongst which are P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens and P. putida, including egg yolk, rhizospheric and clinical isolates as well as some derived Tn5 mutants were separated by this technique. Different patterns could be observed for strains known to produce different siderophores. The application of the chrome azurol S assay as a gel overlay further allows immediate detection of non-fluorescent siderophores or possibly degradation products with residual siderophore activity. The method was also applied to other microbial siderophores such as deferrioxamine B.