Sudden weaning of angel fish pterophyllum scalare (Lichtenstein) (Pisces; Cichlidae) larvae from brine shrimp (Artemia sp) nauplii to formulated larval feed (original) (raw)
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Sudden weaning of angel fish pterophyllum scalare
2013
This study investigated the effects of sudden weaning of angel fish larvae (Pteraphylum scalari) from Artemia nauplii to commercial larval feed. Four days post hatch (DPH) larvae were reared in four different weaning protocols (TR1-TR4) with triplicates in a complete randomize design. Larvae in TR1 and TR4 were exclusively fed Artemia nauplii and dry feed respectively. In TR2 and TR3, larvae were initially fed Artemia nauplii and suddenly wean to formulated feed on 14 DPH and 7 DPH respectively. The experiment was lasted for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, final mean weight (FW), total length (FL), height (FH), Daily Weight Gain (DWG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), survival and stress index were compared. Significantly highest (P < 0.05) FW, DWG and SGR were observed in TR1 and TR2 while former values of TR3 were not significantly different from TR1. Highest FL observed in TR1 and TR2 while FL of TR2 was statistically similar to that of TR3. The poorest growth was observed in larvae solely fed formulated feed. Survival and the stress index were independent from weaning methods. Although sudden weaning is possible on 7 DPH, larvae showed comparatively higher growth when switch off to formulate feed on 14 DPH.
Larval rearing of freshwater Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) fed on different diets
2015
In this present study we find the survival rate (%) , growth rate (g) of angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) larvae fed on different diets like Artemia, Rotifer, Moina, Ceriodaphnia, egg custard and green water. The mean survivable rate (%) after 20 days observation were 74.67% for Artemia, 68.33% for rotifer, 70.89% for Moina, 29.46% for Ceriodaphnia, 31.19% for egg custard and 23.72% for green water (Table.3.1). The survivable rate (%) is greater in Artemia than Moina, rotifer, egg custard, Ceriodaphnia and green water respectively. The highest growth rate 11.1 mm was observed in case fed by Artemia after 20 days of culture and lowest 4.8 mm was found in Ceriodaphnia (Table.3.2). The average 28 days required for live feed taken by the spawn cultured, maximum 36 days and minimum 24 days required respectively and diseases occurrence also observed during this study.
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 2012
Red porgy, Pagrus pagrus, is a candidate species for aquaculture diversification. The aim of this work was to assess whether an early supply of enriched Artemia (D1) or a direct step to dry diets (D3) would be advantageous weaning strategies for red porgy larvae, compared to a later supply of Artemia followed by dry diets (D2). Direct weaning to dry diet resulted in significantly lower growth, survival, pancreatic (trypsin and lipase), and intestinal (alkaline phosphatase) enzyme-specific activity, with the exception of leucine-alanine peptidase. The direct weaning strategy presented severe nutritional restrictions from early weaning stages with an associated delay of the maturation of digestive system. The two-step strategy presented in D1 and D2 resulted in comparable results in most parameters, including survival. Weaning using enriched Artemia as an intermediate step is confirmed as the most adequate strategy for red porgy larvae. Digestive enzymes and selected fatty acids correlated well with performance responses to dietary regimes, thereby supporting the use of these parameters as sensitive and reliable indicators of red porgy nutritional or physiological status during larval stages. Most marine fish larvae depend on live feed for the initial life stages. In marine hatcheries, the production of live prey is considered a somewhat unpredictable, expensive task with results of variable nutritional quality (Person-Le Ruyet 1989; Callan et al. 2003; Rao 2003; Carvalho et al. 2006). Therefore, weaning fish larvae, as soon as possible, to artificial diets is a major goal in commercial operations. Weaning should ensure that mortality due to cannibalism, delayed development of active
Weaning strategies affect larval performance in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus)
Aquaculture, 2021
A 30-day study was carried out to determine the influence of different weaning strategies (WS) on growth and survival rates, stress resistance, digestive enzyme activities and whole body fatty acid profiles in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) larvae. Thus, eight WS were designed by combining live foods (LF) (rotifers and Artemia) and a microdiet (MD) (Gemma Micro TM , Skretting). In the control group (100 LF), larvae were fed only LF (100%), including enriched rotifers (from 2 to 20 days post hatching, dph) and Artemia (nauplii + enriched metanauplii, from 18 to 30 dph). The other treatments were based on different proportions of LF with the MD: 75LF-25MD, 50LF-50MD, 25LF-75MD and 100 MD in which 25, 50, 75 and 100% of LF that applied in the control group were replaced with a fixed ration of MD, respectively. In addition, for determining the appropriate time of weaning, three WS were applied including: sudden weaning (SW): larvae were weaned on to MD with only rotifer from 2 to 5 days post hatch (dph); early weaning (EW): larvae were weaned on to MD with only rotifer from 2 to 14 dah and late weaning (LW): larvae were weaned on to MD with rotifer (from 2 to 14 dph) and Artemia nauplii (from 12 to 20 dph). Larvae were hand-fed with the MD hourly from 08:00 h to 18:00 h (11 times a day). Results showed that the lowest survival rates were found among larvae from 100MD (1.5%) and SW (1.9%) groups, whereas the highest survival rates were found in larvae from 100LF (31.0 ± 1.7%), 75LF-25MD (34.7 ± 4.5%) and 50LF-50MD (36.2 ± 4.0%). Larvae from the 50LF-50MD group showed the highest resistance against air exposure (70.0%) and osmotic stress (100.0%) challenges. At the end of the trial, larvae from 100LF, 75LF-25MD, 50LF-50MD and LW groups showed higher growth performance than the other groups. At 30 dph, larvae from the LW group had the highest level of alkaline phosphatase to leucine-alanine peptidase ratio, while those from the 100MD, SW and EW treatments showed the lowest ones. The fatty acid profile of larvae reflected that of the diet. In particular, larvae from 100MD and SW groups had generally lower levels of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, results of the present study indicated the time of weaning and proportion of LF and MD remarkably affect larvae performance in terms of growth, survival, digestive function and stress tolerance. In addition, the replacement of LF with MD up to 50% after mouth opening of larvae neither have detrimental effects on growth, survival and digestive enzymes activities, meanwhile enhanced stress resistance of A. latus larvae.
2010
In this study effects of commercial extruder diet (T1), earthworm (T2), 50 % commercial extruder diet + 50 % earthworm (T3) on growth, spawning, hatching and larval survival of angel fish (average weight 4.06 g) (Pterophyllum scalare Lictenstein, 1823) were investigated. The experimental groups were fed for 60 days. According to the results of this study, the best spawning and hatching were found in group T3 but there was no significant difference with other groups (p>0.05). Also larval survival rate in group T3 showed significant difference with group T2 (p<0.05) and higher than other groups. The best weight gain were found in commercial extruder diet (T1) as it showed significant difference with group T2 (p<0.05).
Aquaculture Nutrition, 2010
Problems of limited number of dry feeds as supplement or replacement of live feeds have led to poor larval nutrition in many species of fish. Therefore, the suitability of co-feeding 8-day-old African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) posthatch larvae using live feed (Artemia salina) and formulated dry diet containing freshwater atyid shrimp (Caridina nilotica) during weaning was investigated. The experiment ended after 21 days of culture and respective groups compared on the basis of growth performance, survival, feed utilization and nutrient utilization. Larvae co-fed using 50%Artemia and 50% formulated dry diet resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) better growth performance, food gain ratio (FGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and productive protein values (PPV) than other treatments. The lowest growth performance occurred in larvae weaned using 100% formulated and commercial dry diets. Better survival of over 90% was obtained in larvae weaned using 50%Artemia and 50% dry diet, while abrupt weaning using 100% dry diets resulted in lower survival (<75%). These results support a recommendation of co-feeding C. gariepinus larvae using a formulated dry diet containing C. nilotica and 50% live feed when weaning is performed after 8 days posthatching period.
Revista MVZ Córdoba, 2023
Objetive. The effect of traditional diets (Thalassiosira weissflogii and Artemia nauplii) and two other alternatives (not traditional) based on microalgae with rotifers were evaluated on the survival, development and growth from nauplii V (NV) larvae until postlarvae (PL1) of Penaeus vannamei. Materials and methods. Sixteen replicates (experimental units) were applied for each of the three diets used. The larvae were placed in 12 L containers at 35 psu, 30°C and a density of 200larvae/L. At the beginning, every 24 h and the end of the experiment (PL1: day 8), samples of larvae were obtained to determine survival, development and growth (length and weight). A one-way ANOVA was applied to the data obtained. Results. Diet had no influence (p>0.05) on survival and weight. Survival ranged from 30.4% (alternative diet B) to 28.5% (traditional diet A). The lowest development, length and weight at PL1 was found with the traditional diet (6.71; 3.53 mm; 58.37 µg/organism) compared with the alternative diets supplied B and C (6.86-6.76; 3.79-3.82 mm; 60.7-65.0 µg/ organism. Conclusions. Non-traditional alternative diet (B and C) composed of rotifers was the best diet for larval survival, development and growth.
Journal of the World Mariculture Society, 2009
Texas A g r i c u l t u r a l Experiment S t a t i o n Department o f Animal Science Texas A&M U n i v e r s i t y System P.O. D r a w e r Q P o r t Aransas, TX 78373 ABSTRACT Experiments conducted w i t h Penaeus a z t e c u s , P . s e t i f e r u s and P . vannamei compared s u r v i v a l , metamorphosis and d r y weight growth of l a r v a e fed a v a r i e t y o f a l g a l and animal food regimes. were: (a) comparison o
Aquaculture, 1989
The survival and growth of Penaeus semisulcatus postlarvae fed Artemia nauplii or rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, were studied in a small-scale bioassay system. Shrimp larvae at the nauplius 6 substage were cultured in 1-l cones at a density of 100/l, with daily medium exchange. In the first set of experiments shrimp from the zoea 2 (22) versus zoea 3 (23) substages were fed rotifers at increasing densities. Dry weight of postlarvae fed 20 or 30 rotifers per ml was higher than that of larvae fed 10 or 40 rotifers per ml (P < 0.05). No differences were found when postlarvae were fed from the 22 versus the 23 substage. In the second series of experiments Artemia were given at increasing densities to shrimp from the Z2,23, or mysis 1 (Ml) substages. Dry weight increased as prey concentration rose to 9 per ml and decreased when feeding was postponed to 23 or Ml (PcO.05). The third experiment compared regimes in which larvae were fed Artemia or rotifers alone, or rotifers from 22 followed by Artemia from 23, Ml or M2. Postponing or eliminating Artemia addition resulted in decreased postlarval dry weight (PcO.05). High survival can be achieved with rotifers, but energy intake is apparently reduced as dry weight is lower. Thus Artemia nauplii alone may be a superior food for mass culture of penaeid larvae.
Survival and growth of milkfish (Chanos chanos) larvae in the hatchery. I. Feeding
Aquaculture, 1990
Eda, H., Murashige, R., Eastham, B., Wallace, L., Bass, P., Tamaro, C.S. and Lee, C.-S., 1990. Survival and growth of milkfish ( Chanos chanos) larvae in the hatchery. I. Feeding. Aquaculture, 89: 233-244.