Combined Hydroseeding and Coconet Reinforcement for Soil Erosion Control (original) (raw)
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EFFECT OF COVERCROPPING GRASS AND COCONET AS RIVER BANK EROSION COUNTERMEASURES
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Controlling Erosion and Increasing Crop Yields in Slope Farming: A Vetiver Technology
Soil erosion has been identified as a major environmental problem worldwide. It is estimated that about seven million hectares of arable land is rendered unproductive annually due to soil erosion, resulting in a loss of $400 million per year. According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations, about 60% of Africa’s land is vulnerable to erosion. In Nigeria, cultivation of sloppy landscapes is predominant in the southeastern region of the country, which is the forest zone. The region has spectacular steep land but it is common to see many areas of the slope land gullied few years after they have been converted to farmland. Out of the total number of gullied land identified in the region, about 70% was as a result of unprotected steep land farming. Traditional Farming Practice (TFP) in the region seems not to be offering adequate protection of the soil, but rather exposes it to erosion. Once a slope is cleared for cultivation - without adequate soil protective measures (as in the picture below), erosion sets in.
Reduction of Landslide Risk and Water-Logging Using Vegetation
E3S Web of Conferences
Landslide is a major concern in Bangladesh. The Hill Tracts of Bangladesh are highly vulnerable to rain-cut erosion because of their geological formation, soil characteristics (sedimentary) and deforestation. The cracks in the sandstone allow water to permeate through the layers which causes decrease in shear strength of hill soils leading to landslides. Eroded soil causes clogging in drains and canals in nearby urban areas. Subsequently, in a view to investigate the erosion potential of hill slopes, soil samples were collected from Chittagong and Rangamati hills. The soil is mostly silty or clayey sand which is susceptible to erosion. In this context, bio-engineering technique using vetiver has been selected to reduce erosion potential and water-logging. Efficacy of vetiver in soil erosion has been studied using a model for vegetated slope constructed with hill soil. Performance of slope against rain-cut erosion has been premeditated under uniform artificial rainfall for both bare ...
Soil Erosion Control by Coconut Husk Buffer Strip in Bohol Island of Philippines
Soil erosion causes serious environmental problems in Bohol Island, Philippines. Considering the agricultural socioeconomic situation in the island, utilizing available materials in the region to mitigate soil erosion particularly in the upland fields have been focused. Thus, slope modeling experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of coconut husk buffer strip on mitigating the losses of soil and nutrients. Based on the experimental results, the coconut husk buffer was effective to trap transported soils, however the nutrient losses from the plots with the coconut husk buffer were slightly higher than that from control plot without any treatments in the initial stage of rainfall events after the installation of coconut husk buffer strip.
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This paper presents test results of comprehensive laboratory and field-testing program efforts for the development of bioengineering solutions such as growing vegetation for protection of slopes from erosion and landslides in a tropical environmental setting. Saturated shear strength of soil was determined using direct shear tests and unsaturated soil properties, such as soil water retention curve (SWRC), were obtained using a computer-controlled hydraulic property analyzer (HYROP) system as well as a WP4C instrument. Climate data were obtained via field instrumentation and appropriate vegetation data were assumed to perform a finite element method-based transient seepage analysis and coupled slope stability analysis to test the potential of tropical hillslope to fail with and without vegetation over a period of one month. Results show that the factor of safety (FOS) for test slope considering case (a) the rainfall and bare ground, case (b) no rainfall with vegetation, and case (c) ...
Bamboo structures as a resilient erosion control measure
Climate change means that fire damage and torrential rains are major issues in many parts of the world, stripping watercourses and their ability to attenuate flow in ponds and weirs. Soil bioengineering methods integrate civil engineering techniques with natural materials to obtain fast, effective and economic methods of protecting, restoring and maintaining the natural slowing of water run-off. This study combines both theory and practical installation involving slope instability, erosion, soil hydrology, mountain plant ecology and land-use restoration to protect the slope against erosion and soil mass loss. Using a multidisciplinary approach, the authors explore the exchange of the stabilising role between an initially inert structure and the living material used in a bioengineering work to protect the slope against erosion and soil mass loss. From a case study investigation in Spain, the authors investigate bioengineering structures installed within erosion gullies or on eroded slopes and propose a similar measure for a site in Nepal. The transfer of know-how between eco-engineering works from different geoclimatic conditions is considered where bamboo is not a native species.
The Hydromechanics of Vegetation for Slope Stabilization
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018
Vegetation is one of the alternative technologies in the prevention of shallow landslide prevention that occurs mostly during the rainy season. The application of plant for slope stabilization is known as bioengineering. Knowledge of the vegetative contribution that can be considered in bioengineering was the hydrological and mechanical aspects (hydromechanical). Hydrological effect of the plant on slope stability is to reduce soil water content through transpiration, interception, and evapotranspiration. The mechanical impact of vegetation on slope stability is to stabilize the slope with mechanical reinforcement of soils through roots. Vegetation water consumption varies depending on the age and density, rainfall factors and soil types. Vegetation with high ability to absorb water from the soil and release into the atmosphere through a transpiration process will reduce the pore water stress and increase slope stability, and vegetation with deep root anchoring and strong root binding was potentially more significant to maintain the stability of the slope.
Bio-slope engineering is considered a low-cost, sustainable and environmental-friendly approach for stabilization of shallow slide and surface erosion in Thailand. In this study, potential of seven different plant species to be used as live stake for shallow slope stabilization is investigated. Live stake is the technique whereby up-to 1 metre long woody cuttings is planted relatively deep into the ground, rooting out, and thus acting as a living minisoil nail that should reinforce the slope as well as becoming stronger with time. In total, seven species of live stake have been planted at an instrumented slope near Khundan dam in Nakornnayok province, Thailand, namely, Careya sphaerica Roxb., Lagerstoemia speciosa (L.) Pers., Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Erythrina fusca Lour., Salix tetrasperma Roxb., and Jatropha curcas Linn. Forty two live stakes were installed in two groups at two locations along the slope. Two weeks after planting, it was found that most of the live stake have budded new leafs and amongst these, Salix tetrasperma Roxb. and Lagerstoemia speciosa (L.) Pers are the fastest growing. The total amount of rainfall during this period of two weeks was 180 mm and the value of pore water pressure varied between -7 to -1 kPa. These species are thus suitable for further detailed strength testing in future studies.