{"content"=>"Ball Milling Promoted -Heterocycles Synthesis.", "i"=>{"content"=>"N"}} (original) (raw)
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Heterocycles, their Synthesis and Industrial Applications: A Review
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology IJRASET, 2020
Aromatic heterocycles are planar rings of atoms containing at least one non-carbon atom (N, S, O) and contains (4n+2)π electrons. A vast number of different classes exists for example pyrrole, These ring compounds possess interesting pharmacological and biological activities which include: anti-malarial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial and are also used as pesticides: herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, rodenticides, and as stimulators and regulators of plant growth as well as fluorescence materials, ionic liquids, dyes and pigments. There are several established methods for their synthesis. This research paper aims at highlighting these very diversities of these ring compounds and the different methods by which they could be synthesized.
Recent advances in the cyclization of N-heterocycles: the role of enabling techniques (review)
Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, 2013
The so-called ''enabling techniques'' can dramatically promote the synthesis of N-heterocycles. Besides facilitating very quick cyclization, these technologies bring with them process intensification, safer protocols, cost reduction, energy savings, and waste minimization. We herein describe a series of efficient N-heterocycle cyclizations carried out under microwave and/or ultrasound irradiation.
International research journal of pharmacy, 2011
Quinoxaline 1,4-diN oxide (QdNO) and N-acylhydrazone subunit are considered privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry because of its wide spectrum of biological activities, such as antibacterial, antitubercular, antiviral, anticancer, and antifungal. Beirutˈs reaction is the mostly commonly employed synthetic method to obtain QdNO; however, extended time, low yields, and byproduct formation are common features observed during the synthesis. Microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MW) has gained popularity as an effective way to speed up chemical reactions, increasing yields and selectivity of a variety of reactions. Therefore, in an effort to synthesize compounds with potential to tuberculosis treatment, we reported herein the use of MW as a tool to obtain new QdNO derivatives containing the N-acylhydrazone subunit. Four different synthetic routes were evaluated by using different benzofuroxan derivatives in the Beirutˈs reaction. The synthetic route D, which employed a dioxolan-benzofuroxan derivative, has shown to be the best condition to obtain the desired hybrid quinoxaline. MW drastically reduces the reaction time to obtain all compounds compared to conventional heating. For compound 13, for example, the use of MW instead of conventional heating was able to reduce the reaction time in 192-fold. In conclusion, the use of a benzofuroxan derivative without additional electrophilic sites besides N-oxide nitrogen and the employment of the microwaveassisted synthesis have proved to be the optimum condition to obtain quinoxaline 1,4-diN oxide N-acylhydrazone derivatives.