Feasibility Study of Municipal Plastic Waste for Power Generation in Lahore City, Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Plastic waste as an alternative energy
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018
The aim of this research was to find the appropriate engineering solution for plastic processing technology. It is an effort to produce renewable energy source as alternative energy and alternative fuel. The oil processing has been done through pyrolysis. A variety of temperatures in reactor were investigated, which were 300 o C, 350 o C and 400 o C. The results of LDPE plasticizer at 300 o C reactor temperature generated lower amount of plastic oil clearer color, and higher amount of solid residue in compared with the yield of 400 o C reactor temperature, which obtained higher amount of oil and lower amount of solid residue. The tests investigated the generator with a variety of loads, which were variation of gasoline and plastic pyrolysis oil mixtures at 300 o C, 350 o C and 400 o C. The most economical fuel consumption was 300 o C of LDPE plastic oil. It required 13.5 minutes with 75% gasoline + 25% pyrolisis oil, while load generator was 150 Watt. In overall, the calorific value and variation of gasoline and pyrolisis oil mixture is very influential on fuel consumption and duration length of the generator.
Journal of Sustainability and Environmental Management, 2022
Every year, over 400 million MT of plastic are produced around the world, majority of which aren't managed properly, leading to immeasurable damage to the environment. Only 14-18% as a global average of plastic waste is recycled with only few companies take part in the plastic recycling process. The main goal of the study was to analyse the energy demand and provide a feasible technical solution to conserve energy and reduce the plant's operating costs. A plastic waste recycling station, Amazia Vision Enterprise Private Limited, Satara, India, was purposively chosen to conduct an extensive evaluation of energy requirements. An energy analysis was performed on the process to determine the potential for energy savings and cost reductions. It also aims to reduce the amount of energy used at each stage of the process. Theoretical solutions to conserve energy, reduce waste generation, and thus lower operating costs have been proposed. According to the analysis and subsequent evaluation, the energy requirement can be reduced to 8% of the initial value. A technical solution for recycling of plastics has been proposed which can be implemented to test the feasibility interms of both technical and economical parameters. An energy conservation analysis of a plant has been presented in this paper which will provide a road-map to conserve ever increasing energy consumption and drive more investors in the plastic recycling sector for best plastic waste management practices.
The Potential Energy of Plastic Solid Waste as Alternative Fuel for Power Plants in Indonesia
Studies on the potential of plastic solid waste (PSW) as a fuel supplement for power plant was conducted to determine the potential energy and economic value in Indonesia. In analyzing the potential energy and economic value of PSW, 15 cities provinces having municipal solid waste production of greater than 1,000 tons/day were selected. The study showed that with the total potential of PSW of around 693 tons/day, the electrical energy potential available is around 7,987 MWh/day. The PSW equivalent with coal is approximately 1,065 tons/day, and its equivalent to the oil is around 593 tons/day. In conclusion, the PSW is an environmental pollution material but have the energy and economic potential to be used as a fuel supplement for the power plants. Thereby, it can save the use of coal by means co-combustion with PSW and at the same time be able overcome the environmental problems caused by pollution PSW in Indonesia.
Utilization of Plastic Waste in Different Forms: A Review
The Plastic waste has been increased at very fast rate in last few years with the growth of industry. Plastic was originally thought to be a supporter of development but has eventually become the major roadblock. The increased pace of life brought with itself an equal demand for quick commodities. This increase in demand increased the net requirement for plastic and an equivalent amount of waste. Plastic is nonbiodegradable and hence comes out to be a big contributor of environmental degradation. This paper discusses about the current situation of plastic in India and concludes with a process to handle plastic waste and further work to reduce the overall burden on the economy.
Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal, 2019
In this study the current legal and market conditions of waste management in Poland are analyzed. The main legal basis for changes in the national municipal waste management system and their impact on the market situation in the last few years have been determined. Additionally, the important function of the selective collection and the key role of the separation of raw material fractions in waste sorting plants constituting the basis for the operation of Regional Municipal Waste Processing (RMWP) plants was underlined. Furthermore, the possibilities of developing electricity production technology in low and medium power modules using waste gasification techniques were emphasized. The stream of plastic mixture from municipal waste sorting was identified as problematic in the context of effective material recovery. Tests were conducted on the morphology of this waste stream from two sorting plants. In line with the literature data and as part of the analytical work, the properties of the plastic waste stream designated for recycling and the energy properties of the post-recycling plastic mixture were estimated. Tests results showed that the calorific value of this mixture reached 31.8 MJ/kg, whereas, ash and chlorine content equaled 2.7% and 1.1% of dry mass, respectively. These parameters indicate that the mixture as a high-calorific fuel component may be a valuable addition to refuse-derived fuel (RDF) produced from the over-sieve fraction of municipal waste. Concurrently, as a result of the development of waste gasification technologies with a high share of electricity production in low-medium power range plants, it is possible to integrate them with plastic recycling and RMWP plants in the Polish national waste management system.
Potential for energy recovery from municipal plastic wastes generated in Nigeria
2019
Management of municipal solid wastes (MSW) in most developed societies now involves the use of thermo-chemical conversion methods. This leads to energy and material recovery while also protecting the environment. However, till date most of the wastes generated in Nigeria (including plastic wastes) are either land-filled or openly burnt. These methods are not sustainable and environmentally non-friendly. The reason is that so much space will be needed to accommodate the ever increasing wastes as a result of land-filling and open burning leads to environmental pollution and health challenges. Also, the inherent energy in plastic wastes, as a result of the fact that they have their origins from oil and gas, is not recovered for the benefit of meeting the energy requirements of the populace. Meanwhile there is serious inadequate supply of heat and electricity, the production of which could be improved if the plastic wastes are also applied for electricity and heat generation. This study...
Conversion of Plastic Waste into Energy and Value-Added Products in Makkah City.pdf
Millions of Muslims from all over the world visit the Holy Cities of Saudi Arabia: Makkah and Madinah every year to perform Hajj and Umrah. The rapid growth in urbanization and the local population of Makkah city along with an ever increasing number of visitors result in huge municipal solid waste (MSW) generation every year. Most of this waste is currently dumped into landfill sites without any treatment, thus causing environmental and health issues. For example, on average around 2.4 thousand tons of waste is dumped into Makkah city’s landfill sites every day that increases to around 3.1 and 4.6 thousand tons per day during Ramadan and Hajj periods, respectively. Around 23% on average of this waste is a plastic waste in the form of plastic bottles, water cups, food plates and shopping bags (Abdul Aziz et al. 2007). A pilot scale catalytic pyrolysis process has been used to convert plastic waste into liquid fuel at Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES) of King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. The produced liquid fuel has been found to have a high energy value of around 40 MJ/Kg, the viscosity of 0.9 mm2/s, the density of 0.92 g/cm3, the flash point of 30°C, pour point of -18°C and freezing point of -64°C, characteristics similar to conventional diesel. Thus the produced liquid fuel has the potential to be used in several energy-related applications such as electricity generation, transportation fuel, and heating purposes. It has been estimated that the plastic waste in Makkah city in 2016 could produce around 87.91 MW of electricity with net revenue of 297.52 million SAR. This is projected to increase up to around 172.80 MW of electricity and a total net revenue of 584.83 million SAR by 2040.
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan
The type of plastic waste that is often a problem in many cities in Indonesia is Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), his is due to the plastic waste plastic waste bags has no longer economic value. One of the goals of plastic waste processing is usng it as a raw material for the Waste Garbage Power Plant (PLTSa). The most profitable in handling plastic waste by converting plastic waste into fuel oil as an alternative energy source because plastic is basically derived from petroleum. Plastic also has a fairly high heating value equivalent to gasoline and diesel fuel. Some studies related to plastic processing have not been integrated from the production process to downstream products in the form of electric products to get the overall level of plant efficiency. Therefore a research of plastic waste power plants needs to be done at the prototype level to determine the performance of the fuel and the level of efficiency of the resulting assemblers. The Pyrolysis Reactor Prototype Unit ca...
Plastic Waste for Electrical Power Generation a Case Study in Nigeria
Revista de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade
Um dos grandes problemas da Nigéria, na atualidade, é a grande quantidade de resíduos plásticos que são produzidos nas suas principais cidades. Os resíduos plásticos têm sido uma ameaça para os arredores daquelas cidades (em particular sobre o solo e sobre a água) e contribuem para desastres de inundação e outros eventos de degradação ambiental que conduzem a sérios riscos para a saúde humana. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o potencial dos resíduos plásticos produzidos na Nigéria para a geração de energia elétrica. O estudo desenvolvido baseia-se em duas estratégias (uma abordagem baseada em incentivos e no princípio da Responsabilidade Estendida do Produtor (REP)) para a coleta de resíduos plásticos no meio ambiente. O foco deste trabalho está na incineração de resíduos plásticos com recuperação da energia produzida. Assim, foram realizadas análises imediata e elementar para determinar o Poder Calorífico Superior (PCS) e o Poder Calorífico Inferior (PCI), bem como est...