Modelling Batch Reactor for Milk Bush (Thevetia peruviana) Oil Transesterification in the Production of Biodiesel (original) (raw)
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In this research work, mass balance equation was used to develop a mathematical model describing chemical kinetics of transesterification process of milk bush (Thevetia peruviana) oil for biodiesel production. The model is based on the reverse mechanism of transesterification reactions and describes dynamic concentration changes of triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides, biodiesel (ester) and glycerol production. The alcohol to oil molar ratios used were (6.1, 9:1 and 12: 1), the reaction temperatures (30oC, 40oC and 50oC) and the catalyst loading percentages were 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% for the kinetic model. From the results obtained, the ester concentration was found to rise with increase in the catalyst loading and the reaction temperature, with a decrease in the alcohol to oil molar ratio. The kinetic model developed was analysed using MATLAB. The correlation coefficient obtained between the experimental and calculated values are 0.9980 for Triglyceride, O.9994 for Diglycer...
In this research work, a mathematical model was simulated for Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) as an extension of the work of exploiting the transesterification kinetic of at an isothermal condition. The Kinetic model of was obtained through laboratory experiment on which ester was produced using alcohol to oil molar ratios of 6:1, 9:1 and 12:1 at isothermal reaction temperature of 50 o C. The simulated model equations was able show reactor dimensions as a function of kinetic parameters. The model equations were further analyzed with MATLAB programming technique, and results obtained for reactor dimensions can be used to predict the volume to be produced at different time intervals and reaction rate which demonstrated high dependency functionality of proposed kinetic model parameters.
Simulation of Vegetable Oil Transesterification for Biodiesel Production
- The simulation and optimization of biodiesel production by vegetable oil transesterification was investigated. Advanced mathematical model was used to simulate the batch reactor for the production of biodiesel from vegetable oil characteristics. Results of the model were compared with experimental data in terms of conversion of transesterification reaction for the production of biodiesel at unsteady state. A good agreement was obtained between the present simulation model predictions and the experimental data. Both results showed that the conversion of triglycerides to methyl ester was affected by the process conditions. The transesterification process at temperature of about 70 oC, five times the stoichiometric methanol ratio to the triglyceride and the NaOH catalyst of 0.4% wt, appear to be the best acceptable process conditions for biodiesel process production from vegetable oils.
A mathematical model describing chemical kinetics of transesterification of soybean oil for biodiesel production has been developed. The model is based on the reverse mechanism of transesterification reactions and describes dynamics concentration changes of triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, biodiesel, and glycerol production. Reaction rate constants were written in the Arrhenius form. An analysis of key process variables such as temperature and molar ratio soybean oil- alcohol using response surface analysis was performed to achieve the maximum soybean conversion rate to biodiesel. The predictive power of the developed model was checked for the very wide range of operational conditions and parameters values by fitting different experimental results for homogeneous catalytic and non-catalytic processes published in the literature. A very good correlation between model simulations and experimental data was observed.
Simulation of Biodiesel Production by Transesterification of Vegetable Oils
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This work presents an ChemCAD 6.0 Simulation study for biodiesel production. The simulation illustrates the produc tion of biofuel from pure vegetable oil with an alkaline catalyst. The main areas are transesterification, methanol separation, water washing, FAME purification, catalyst neutralization and glycerol purification. The equipment used includes in particular reactors, distillation and extraction columns and components splitters. As a result of the simulation, the two final target prod ucts - biodiesel and glycerol, are obtained with purity 98 % and 99 %, respectively. The suggested technological scheme provides a possibility for recuperation of the heat streams.
International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering, 2010
This research examines the transesterification reaction of soybean oil with methanol in order to model and simulate a non-ideal continuous stirred-tank reactor. A mathematical model has been developed for the reactor. The biodiesel production process was optimized by application of factorial design 25 and response surface methodology. Factorial design and response surface analysis were combined with modeling and simulation to determine the operating conditions that maximize biodiesel production and minimize reactor volume. The optimum results obtained were conversion (0.95), molar ratio alcohol/oil (6:1), temperature (60.5 oC), ? (0.75), bypass (0.10) and reactor volume (1,500 L).
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It was experimentally established that the dependence of the partial pressure of methanol on the molar fraction of methanol in oil shows a pronounced negative deviation from Raoul’s law, which significantly changes the idea of the influence of a large excess of methanol during non-catalytic synthesis of biodiesel. The efficiency of use of a molar excess of methanol is reduced as it grows, and with a more than 10-fold molar excess of the amount of reacted methanol, is practically constant. The comparison of biodiesel production processes in the range 220–235 °C showed that a slight change in the process temperature more effectively affects the biodiesel yield than an increase in the molar excess of methanol. A mathematical model of the process of transesterification of rapeseed oil in reactors of various types (batch and tubular reactors) is developed. A satisfactory correlation between the experimental and calculated data was observed. The calculation showed that the rate constants ...
A review on influence of reactor technologies and kinetic studies for biodiesel application
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2020
The increase in demand for energy has caused a clear contradiction between the supply and consumption of these resources, which has triggered countries to divert their attention towards biodiesel. Biodiesel yield and sustainability of the biodiesel production process are highly influenced by the catalyst. Homogeneous catalyst is the conventional method to produce biodiesel, but it requires larger water consumption to purify the final product while on the contrary heterogeneous catalyst does not require expensive utility separation cost and it can be separated from simple filtration method. Thus, this paper comprehensively reviews the conventional and advanced biodiesel reactor technologies, particularly link to the kinetic studies of different types of catalysts. The effects of the operating conditions on the reactor technology with different catalysts are discussed to observe a better oil conversion. Merits and limitations of different catalysts for biodiesel production are then compared. The kinetic studies are reviewed to compare the rate of reaction and activation energy between various types of catalysts. As the catalyst and reactor type selection affect the transesterification reaction, it is necessary to search for the correct combination of catalyst and reactor to increase the efficiency of biodiesel production at a lower cost.
Kinetics models of transesterification reaction for biodiesel production: A theoretical analysis
Renewable Energy, 2021
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A mathematical model describing chemical kinetics of transesterification of model oil for biodiesel production has been developed. The model is based on the reverse mechanism of transesterification reactions and describes dynamics concentration changes of triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, biodiesel, and glycerol production. An analysis of process variables such as temperature and molar ratio model oil-methanol using response surface analysis was performed to achieve the maximum oil conversion rate to biodiesel. The reaction rate constants and activation energies were determined for all the forward and reverse reactions. The experimental results were found to fit a first-order kinetic law for the forward reaction and a second-order one for the reverse reaction. The results indicated that the rate-control step could be attributed to the surface reaction and the esterification processes can be well-depicted by the as-calculated kinetic formula in the range of the experimental conditions. A very good correlation between model simulations and experimental data was observed.